‘-게 되다’ 구성의 통사와 의미에 대한 연구

김윤신 ( Kim Yoon-shin ) 한국어교육학회(구 한국국어교육연구학회) 2018 국어교육 Vol.0 No.162

This paper aims to explain the syntactic and semantic properties of “-ge doeda” construction and to suggest its syntactic and event structure are based on the Generative Lexicon Theory proposed by Pustejovsky(1995). Like other auxiliary predicate construction, “-ge doeda” construction also conveys the ambivalence of its syntax. The auxiliary predicate “doeda” can be a predicate of the whole sentence and forms one constituent with “-ge” clause, although it can create different constituents from “-ge” clause with the same VP. Thus, the “-ge doeda” construction takes “-ge” clause as an event argument. This is evidence for Kim’s(2004, 2007) suggestion that the auxiliary predicate construction is an event function. In Korean linguistics and in Korean language education, many previous studies have explained that the “-ge doeda” construction is passive because of its affectedness and the lack of intentionality of its subject. However, passive expressions and causative expressions with similar morphemes and the passive voice are different from the change-of-state verb. According to this evidence, “-ge doeda” construction expresses change-of-state and is an unaccusative predicate construction. The change-of-state of “-ge doeda” construction can be classified as a binary-oppositional change-of-state and the polar-oppositional change-of-state can be classified by the property of the “-ge” clause that is an event argument. This is critical evidence for the principle of compositionality.

동북아 오염물질 장거리이동 분석을 위한 서울시 대기 중 라돈농도의 시계열적 특성에 관한 연구

김윤신,이철민,김기연,전형진,김종철,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Lee, Cheol-Min,Kim, Ki-Youn,Jeon, Hyung-Jin,Kim, Jong-Cheol,Iida, Takao 한국환경보건학회 2007 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Atmospheric concentrations of radon had been continuously observed in Seoul, Korea since December 1999, as a tracer for long-range transport of air pollutants from China continent to Korea. In order to study radon as a tracer of long-range transport, it is important to know information about the atmospheric distribution and variation of radon concentration and its time variation. Atmospheric radon concentration are measured with electrostatic radon monitor(ERM) at Hanyang University located in Eastern area of Seoul. Air sample is taken into a vessel of ERM, and alpha particles emitted by radon daughters $Po^{218}$ are detected with ZnS(Ag) scintillation counter. Hourly mean concentrations and hourly alpha counts are recorded automatically. The major results obtained from time series observation of atmospheric radon were as follows : (1) The mean of airborne radon concentration in Seoul was found to be $7.62{\pm}4.11\;Bq/m^3$ during December $1999{\sim}January$ 2002. (2) The hourly variation of radon concentrations showed the highest in 8:00AM ($8.66{\pm}4.22\;Bq/m^3$) and the lowest in 3:00AM ($6.62{\pm}3.70\;Bq/m^3$) and 5:00AM ($6.62{\pm}3.39\;Bq/m^3$). (3) the seasonal variation of radon concentrations showed higher during winter-to-fall and lower during summer-to-spring. (4) Correlation between airborne radon concentration and the meteorological factors were -0.21 for temperature, 0.09 for humidity, -0.20 for wind speed, and 0.04 for pressure. (5) The mean difference of airborne radon concentration between Asian dust ($5.36{\pm}1.28\;Bq/m^3$) and non-Asian dust ($4.95{\pm}1.49\;Bq/m^3$) phenomenon was significant (p=0.08). We could identify time series distribution of radon concentration related meteorological factors. In addition, radon can be considered a good natural tracer of vertical dispersion and long-range transport.

플라즈마 이온 방식의 공기정화기를 이용한 돈사내 공기오염물질 저감 효과

김윤신,김기연,조만수,고문석,고한종,정진원,오미석,윤백,김중호,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Kim, Ki-Youn,Cho, Man-Su,Ko, Moon-Suk,Ko, Han-Jong,Jung, Jin-Won,Oh, Mi-Seok,Youn, Baek,Kim, Jung-Ho 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.4

This field study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of a plasma ion-operated air cleaner in temporal reduction of airborne pollutants emitted from a pig housing facility. In the case of gaseous pollutants, the plasma ion air cleaner was not effective in reducing levels of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, or sulfur dioxide (p>0.05). In the case of particulate pollutants, however, the air cleaner was effective in reducing levels of particulate matter ($PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_1$) by 79(${\pm}6.1$) and 78(${\pm}3.0$)%, respectively. Unlike the case of these fine particle fractions, the reduction of total suspended particles (TSP) and $PM_{10}$ following treatment was almost negligible. In the case of biological pollutants, the mean reduction efficiencies for airborne bacteria and fungi were relatively low at 22(${\pm}6.6$) and 25(${\pm}8.7$)%, respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that in terms of air pollutants released from this pig housing facility, the plasma ion air cleaner was primarily effective in reducing levels of $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_1$.

박물관내 실내공기오염물질의 분포 특성 실태조사

김윤신,노영만,윤영훈,이철민,김기연,김종철,전형진,심인숙,Kim, Yoon-shin,Roh, Young-man,Yoon, Young-hun,Lee, Cheol-min,Kim, Ki-yeon,Kim, Jong-cheol,Jeon, Hyoung-jin,Sim, In-suk 국립문화재연구소 2007 保存科學硏究 Vol.28 No.-

The goal of this study was to provide basic data for arrangement of management in museum environment. We investigated characteristics of distribution on indoor air pollutants at exhibition halls and storages in museums between July and August, 2007. The monitoring carried out at three cultural sites, Pusan, Daejeon and Kyungjoo which is possessed their own exhibition hall and storage in Museums. We adopt the several pollutants for this survey such as $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$ $CO_2$, Formaldehyde, TBC, CO, $NO_2$, Rn, VOCs, $O_3$ and followed the standard method of Ministry of Environment, Korea for sampling and analysis, respectively. The results of this survey revealed that average concentration of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ in storages were $117.3{\mu}g/m^3$ and $92.6{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The average concentration in storages of gases pollutants and microorganism such as $CO_2$, Formaldehyde, $NO_2$, Rn, TVOC, $O_3$, and TBC showed as: 788.8ppm, $30.7{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.4ppm, 6.4ppb, $1.3pCi/{\ell}$, $1,374.9{\mu}g/m^3$, 2.4ppb, and $119.4cfu/m^3$, respectively. In addition, average concentration of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ in exhibition halls were $49.5{\mu}g/m^3$ and $56.1{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The average concentration in exhibition halls of gases pollutants and microorganism such as $CO_2$, Formaldehyde, $NO_2$, Rn, TVOC, $O_3$, and TBC showed as: 475.2ppm, $94.1{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.3ppm, 12.4ppb, $0.3pCi/{\ell}$, $1,179.1{\mu}g/m^3$, 5.2ppb, 2.4ppb, and $24.8cfu/m^3$, respectively.

다양한 실내환경 중 휘발성유기화합물 오염의 패턴 분류

김윤신,노영만,이철민,김기연,김종철,전형진,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Roh, Young-Man,Lee, Cheol-Min,Kim, Ki-Youn,Kim, Jong-Cheol,Jun, Hyung-Jin 한국환경보건학회 2007 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.33 No.1

The purpose of this study was to survey the distribution patterns of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and formaldehyde in the various indoor environments using cluster analysis. We investigated VOCs and formaldehyde in subway stations, underground shopping areas, medical centers, maternity recuperation centers, public childcare centers, large stores, funeral houses, and indoor parking lots from June,2005 to May,2006. Concentration of TVOCs in maternity recuperations was 2,605.7 ${\mu}g/m^3$ that was higher than the guideline and other facilities. TVOCs in public childcare centers was 1,951.6 ${\mu}g/m^3$ also it exceeded the guideline. Moreover, concentration of TVOCs in every facility exceeded the guideline of Department of Environment, Korea. In case of formaldehyde, mean concentration, 336.5 ${\mu}g/m^3$, in only public childcare centers exceeded the 120 ${\mu}g/m^3$ of the guideline. Finally, by applying cluster analysis, three pattterns of the indoor air pollutions were distinguished. In the results of analysis, concentrations of TVOCs and formaldehyde of cluster 3 were higher than cluster 1 and 2 that were 2,561.4 ${\mu}g/m^3$ and 184.9 ${\mu}g/m^3$, respectively.

직업성 전자장 노출과 백혈병 발생에 관한 메타분석

김윤신,송혜향,홍승철,조용성,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Song, Hae-Hiang,Hong, Seung-Cheol,Cho, Yong-Sung 대한예방의학회 2000 예방의학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Objectives : This study uses meta-analysis methodology to examine the statistical consistency and importance of random variation among results of epidemiologic studies of occupational electromagnetic field exposure and leukemia. Methods : Studies for this meta-analysis were identified from previous reviews and by asking researcher active in this field for recommendations. Overall, 27 studies of occupational electromagnetic field exposures and leukemia were reviewed. A variety of meta-analysis statistical methods have been used to assess combined effects, to identify heterogeneity, and to provide a single summary risk estimate based on a set of simiar epidemiologic studies. In this study, classification of exposure metircs on occupational epidemiologic studies are reported for (1) job classification (20 individual studies); (2) leukemia subtypes (13 individual studies); and (3) country (27 individual studies). Results : Results of this study, an inverse-variance weighted pooling of all the data leads to a small but significant elevation in risk of f 1% (OR=1.11, 95% CI : $1.06\sim1.16$) among 27 occupational epidemiologic studies. Publication bias was assessed by the 'fail-safe n' that may be not influence for all combined results exception a few categories, ie, 'power station operators' and 'electric utility workers' by job classification on occupational study. And ail combined odds ratio results were similar for fixed-effects models and random-effects models, with slightly higher risk estimates for the random-effects model in situations where there was significant heterogeneity, ie, Q-statistic significant (p<.05). Conclusions : We found a small elevation in risk of leukemia, but the ubiquitous nature of exposure to electromagnetic fields from workplace makes even a weak association a public health issue of substantial power to influence the present overall conclusion about relationship between electromagnetic fields exposure and leukemia.

우리나라의 실내공기오염 현황과 대책

김윤신,Kim Yoon Shin 대한설비공학회 1990 설비저널 Vol.19 No.6

고압 송전선로 주변에 위치한 초등학교 학생들의 극저주파 자기장 노출량 예측 모델에 관한 연구

김윤신,현연주,최성호,노영만,홍승철,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Hyun, Youn-Joo,Choi, Seong-Ho,Roh, Young-Man,Hong, Seung-Cheol 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.5

The objectives of this study were to evaluate personal exposure estimated using a time activity pattern and microenvironmental model. The study was carried out for 44 children attending a primary school nearby the lines (school A) and 125 children attending a school away from 154 kV power lines (school B). For children attending school A, the estimated personal level was a little weak correlated with the measured level($Pearson\;r\;=0.34{\sim}0.35$). For children attending school B, the correlation was very low ($Pearson\;r\;=\;0.09{\sim}0.16$) using the TW A Model II, otherwise, TWA Model II-I which considered the average residential MF level according to the distance from the power line and home explained $39{\sim}53%$ of the correlation in MF personal exposures. The estimated personal exposure level was very well represented by the measured exposure level using TWA Model II-2 which consisted on spot and 24 h stationary measurements at subject's home ($Pearson\;r\;=\;0.65{\sim}0.85$). In conclusion, personal magnetic field expsoure estimated using a TWA Model II-2 should be provided for a reasonable estimate of measured exposure in schoolchildren living near the power line.

일부 유치원 교실 내 실내공기오염물질의 기준초과비 조사에 관한 연구

김윤신(Yoon-Shin Kim),노영만(Young-Man Roh),이철민(Cheol-Min Lee),김기연(Ki-Yeon Kim),김종철(Jong-Cheol Kim),전형진(Hyung-Jin Jeon),최동민(Dong-Min Choi),김민회(Min-Hoe Kim),박윤주(Yoon-Ju Park) 한국실내환경학회 2007 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.4 No.1

This study was to investigate distribution characteristics for air pollutants and to assess probability of health effect for children in kindergartens from August, 2006 to January, 2007. The mean concentrations for standards of maintenance in kindergartens were 91.5 ㎍/㎥ for PM₁?, 1,185 ppm for CO₂, 69.3㎍/㎥ for formaldehyde, 174 CFU/㎥ for TBC and 0.41 ppm for CO, respectively. For NO₂, Rn, TVOC, and O₃, the mean concentrations in kindergartens were 29.40 ppb, 1.51 pCi/ℓ, 257.3 ㎍/㎥, and 3.74 ppb, respectively. The I/O ratio of every air pollutants exceeded ""1"" except for O₃. In results of calculated safety factor to assess probability of health effect for children by air pollutants in kindergartens, safety factor for CO₂ was 1.2 for fixed point. It means that children have probability of health effect caused by CO₂. In cases of Monte-Carlo analysis, safety factor for PM₁? was 1.0 and safety factor for CO₂ was 1.2.

주택 내 실내공기오염물질 노출에 의한 건강위해성평가

김윤신(Yoon-Shin Kim),노영만(Young-Man Roh),이철민(Cheol-Min Lee),장봉기(Bong-Ki Jang) 한국실내환경학회 2006 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.3 No.2

This study performed and re-analysed the articles of exposure assessment for the indoor environment of houses in many environment-related journals published. in Korea since 1990. Based on this comparative study, we estimated the unit health risk on indoor environment. The objective of this study was to offer scientific data for decision-making policy for improvement and management of indoor air quality on Korean house in. The pooled concentrations for the critical air pollutants in the house were 13.93 ± 13.91 ㎍/㎥(PM₁?), 680±226 ppm for (CO₂), 1.9±1.6 ppm (CO), 419±158 CFU/㎥ (bacteria), 0.036 ± 0.002 ppm (NO₂), and 104.935 ± 16.424 ㏃/㎥ (Rn), The pooled concentrations for the volatile organic compounds were 6.9±6.7㎍/㎥ (benzene), 39.3±55.1 ㎍/㎥ (toluene), 4.2±4.0 ㎍/㎥ (ethylbenzene), 11.4±8.3 ㎍/㎥ (m, p-xylene), 4.2 ± 1.5 ㎍/㎥ (styrene) and 6.3±4.5 ㎍/㎥ (o-xylene). The unit cancer risk for men and women by inhalation of benzene was 3.7 × 10?? and 4.8 × 10??, respectively. In addition, g184hazard indexes for toluene, ethylbenzene, m-p-xylene, styrene, and o-xylene were less than 1.