Cycloheximide가 취장 소화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

김윤수,김명원,류용운,Kim, Yoon-Soo,Kim, Myung-Won,Ryu, Yong-Wun 생화학분자생물학회 1974 한국생화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

쥐에서 취장소화효소 활성은 식이조성에 대단히 예민하게 반응한다. 즉 정상 18% casein 식이 대신 5% casein 식이로 대체시 또는 5% casein 식이로 2-3주 동안 기른 쥐를 정상 18% casein 식이로 대체시 취장소화효소에 미치는 영향은 대단히 민감하게 반응하여 그 효소활성이 떨어지거나 다시 회복하였다. 또한 정상식이로 기른 쥐에게 단백질합성 억제 물질인 cycloheximide($1\;{\mu}g/gm$/체중 gm)를 1회 복강내 투여로 취장소화효소 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen 및 amylase는 그 활성이 심하게 저하되나 lipase는 전혀 영향을 받지 않았다. 5% casein 식이에 의하여 저하된 취장효소는 정상식이로 대체시 그 효소활성 회복이 빠르다. 그러나 정상식이로 대체전에 cycloheximide($1\;{\mu}g/gm$/체중 gm)를 복강내 투여후 정상식이로 대체하면 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen 및 amylase는 그 회복이 전혀 되지 않거나 정상식이로 대체전보다 더 떨어졌다. lipase는 cycloheximide처치에 관계 없이 같은 시간내에 정상치로 회복하였다. 이와 같은 실험 결과는 이들 취장효소는 동일쥐의 취장세포에 존재하는 효소들이지만 cycloheximide에 의한 효소활성이 달리 반응하는 결과로 미루어 적어도 lipase 만은 그 생합성 과정이 다른 소화효소와 다름을 시사한다. These experiments were designed to assess the dietary-induced depletion and repletion of pancreatic enzymes mediating the adaptation of rat pancreas to the substitution of 5% casein diet for a normal diet of 18% casein and the substitution of 18% casein normal diet for a 5% casein diet which causes the pancreatic enzymes of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase to decrease remarkably during the 2~4 weeks feeding period. Pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase of the rat's (feeding) normal diet were severely depressed by one dose of intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide ($1\;{\mu}g/gm$ of body weight) which is believed to be a specific inhibition of peptide bond formation. However, lipase was not affected at all by this treatment. The pancreatic enzymes of the rat fed with 5% casein diet for 4 weeks were depressed but when the 5% casein diet was substituted to a 18% casein diet the repletion of pancreatic enzymes was remakable. However, the repletion of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase was prevented or even more depressed when $1\;{\mu}g/gm$ of body weight of cycloheximide was injected intraperitoneally, daily during the period of 18% normal casein diet feeding. The only exception was lipase which recovered to normal enzyme level in the same as noncyclohe ximide treated rats. These results indicate that the enzymatic repletion and depletion of the pancreatic enzymes in the diet are not similar to each other and are entirely different in the case of lipase, even though these pancreatic enzymes are found in identical tissues of the rat.

급성 및 만성 영양장애가 소화효소 활성 및 세포기능에 미치는 실험적 연구

김윤수,황석귀,김명원,유용운,송정석 ( Yoon Soo Kim,Suk Kuy Whang,Myung Won Kim,Yong Wun Ryu,Chung Suk Song ) 생화학분자생물학회 1974 BMB Reports Vol.7 No.1

A variety of digestive Enzymes of pancreatic and intestinal origin participate in the breakdown of protein, carbohydrate and lipids. It has been known that some of enzyme output of the intestinal glands can be manipulated by altering components of the diet. The incidence of patients who are suffering from gastrointestinal trouble in Korea is much higher than that of the United States. This fact might correlate with diet composition of Korean and American dishes. These facts are attractive for us to study the effect of diet composition on the digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin, and to decide whether the difference of diet composition affects these enzymes and whether such high incidence of gastroin testinal patients in Korea could be adequately explained by change in digestive enzyme activities of the animals fed with different diet. Our previous experiments have shown that pancreatic enzyme activites of rats fed with 5% casein diet which was prepared similarly to Korean diet in terms of protein content only were depressed as much as one fifth of that of control during two weeks feeding period. but it is true that protein is not only depleted but fat is also depleted in Korean dishes. The primary objective of the experiments described herein was to study the effect on the pancreatic enzyme activities of diet which was similarly prepared to Korean dishes and also to study the effect on the pancreatic enzyme activities of varying the proportion of fat to carbohydrate in the diet which is keeping the diet isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Data from this experiment will be discussed ire conjunction with previously published results conducted in our laboratory in order to illustrate how the high incidence of gastrointestinal patients in Korea could be adequately explained by diet prepared in similar composition to the Korean dishes. In a random distribution, male albino rats, weighing the average of 80 gm each were divided into five groups. Group I ; 5% casein : no fat : carbohydrate Group II ; 5% casein : 12% fat : carbohydrate Group III ; 18% casein : no fat : carbohydrate Group IV ; 18% casein : 12% fat : carbohydrate Group V ; 18% casein : high fat : carbohydrate (ratio of fat to carbohydrate 94 : 6) Calorie difference from protein or fat depletion was substitiuted by carbohydrate. At the end of designated time interval, the rats were sacrificed 14-15 hours after the last meal by decapitation. The pancreas was carefully romoved and placed in a cold 0. 25M sucrose solution (4℃). A 5% homogenate in 0.25M sucrose was prepared from the glandular {free of obvious lymph nodes and adipose tissue) portion of the pancreas. 5:% Homogenates were centrifuged (14,000 x g) for 15 minutes to remove cellular debris and whole cells. Enzyme analysis and protein determination were subsequently performed on the supernatant. Protein was determined by Lawry method (1951). Enzyme activity assays were performed using modification of Hepler method (1962) for amylase and the method developed by Cherry and Crandall (1932) for lipase. Chymotryptic assays were performed using a modification of method developed by Rhodes et al. (1957), as a substrate for chymotrypsinogen N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester was used. Trypsinogen assay was similarly performed using p-toluene-sulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester as a substrate. The assays were linear with respect to enzyme concentration over the range used under specified conditions such as temperature (37℃) and incubation period, 30 minutes for amylase, 1 hour for lipase, and for the trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen the recording of dye disappearing of optical density was recorded 2 to 3 seconds after adding substrate-buffer-indicator The results of the experiments in which the effect of different composition of nutrient which was prepared in similar composition to Korean dishes on pancreatic enzyme acitivities are summarized as the following. When the enzyme activity

귀용탕(歸茸湯) 투여(投與)가 가토(家兎)의 골수조직(骨髓組織)에 미치는 효과(效果)

김윤수,Kim, Yoon-Soo 대한한방내과학회 1976 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

The author trying to find out the effects of Kwi Ryong decoction in rabbits, compared with before depleting group, after depleting group, in administered by decoction, before and after depleting group in administered by decoction continuously, and deployed group in admistered by in the experimental depleting of heart in rabbits this results were as follows; 1) The blood-making action of bone-marrow in experimental group was higher than the control group. 2) The recovery situation in before the deploying-group was higher than the after depleting-group. 3) The blood-making action in administered group by permanent case was higher than in administered group by temporary case. The effects of Kwi Ryong decoction showed blood-making action in bone-marrow regardless before and after depleting group.

수침목재의 재질분석에 관한 연구-미시형태적 변화를 중심으로

김윤수,최광남,KIM, Yoon-Soo,CHOI, Kwang-Nam 국립문화재연구소 1986 保存科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Micoromorphological alterations of sea-waterlogged woods by marinemicro-oragnisms were investigated by the light and scanning electron microscopy as a part of serial investigations on the shipwrecked materials which were excavated at the sea shore of Wando-Kun, southern coast of Korea in 1984.Deterioration of sea-waterlogged wood by marine microorganisms were varied with the wood species. The degree of deterioration even in the same wood specieswas different according to the part where it was in mud of sea-water. However, the resistance of Torreya nucifera over the marine organisms was marked. Deterioration in cell wall may be classified into three types; thinning of cell wall, separation of secondary wall from compound middle lamella and tunneling of cell wall. Thinning and separation were frequently observed, while the tunneling was rare. Among the wood cell elements of hardwoods, vessel wall was the least deteriorated. The difference degree of degradation of cell wall constituents and the accumulation of inorganic substances in cell lumen indicate that some factors to be considered for the conservation treatment were discussed. The kinds of marine microorganisms invading and/or inhabiting in wrecked wooden ship were also discussed.

Cycloheximide 가 취장 소화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

김윤수,김명원,유용운 ( Yoon Soo Kim,Myung Won Kim,Yong Wun Ryu ) 생화학분자생물학회 1974 BMB Reports Vol.7 No.2

These experiments were designed to assess the dietary-induced depletion and repletion of pancreatic enzymes mediating the adaptation of rat pancreas to the substitution of 5% casein diet for a normal diet of 18% casein and the substitution of 18% casein normal diet for a 5% casein diet which causes the pancreatic enzymes of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase to decrease remarkably during the 2∼4 weeks feeding period. Pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase of the rat`s (feeding) normal diet were severely depressed by one dose of intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide (1㎍/gm of body weight) which is believed to be a specific inhibition of peptide bond formation. However, lipase was not affected at all by this treatment. The pancreatic enzymes of the rat fed with 5% casein diet for 4 weeks were depressed but when the 5% casein diet was substituted to a 18% casein diet the repletion of pancreatic enzymes was remakable. However, the repletion of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase was prevented or even more depressed when 1 ㎍/gm of body weight of cycloheximide was injected intraperitoneally, daily during the period of 18% normal casein diet feeding. The only exception was lipase which recovered to normal enzyme level in the same as noncyclohe ximide treated rats. These results indicate that the enzymatic repletion and depletion of the pancreatic enzymes in the diet are not similar to each other and are entirely different in the case of lipase, even though these pancreatic enzymes are found in identical tissues of the rat.

기질이 이당류 분해효소 적응성에 미치는 실험적 연구

김윤수,황석귀,송정석 ( Yoon Soo Kim,Suk Kuy Whang,Chung Suk Song ) 생화학분자생물학회 1975 BMB Reports Vol.8 No.2

In most mammals, levels of lactase are high during infancy but by the time adulthood is reached these levels of lactase are deficient. So far, the exact mechanism involved in the appearance and disappearance of lactase is not known. The present experimental study describes the digestive enzymatic adaptation of disaccharidase to the substrate in diet composition in order to investigate whether the mere presence of corresponding substrate in the diet suffices to stimulate disaccharidase or not, probably by $quot;turning on$quot; which encodes for the synthesis of these enzymes. Our experimental studies suggest that lactase activity in the newborn of the rat immediately after normal birth is at a peak and remains there through the lactating period; however, disappearance of lactase was observed four days after weaning. It reappeared in seven days after the rat, which had been fed for 150 days on a sucrose diet, was shifted to a lactose diet, However, the activity was weaker than that of the lactating period, indicating that enzymatic adaptation of latose to the substrate in diet may be related. On the other hand no surcease levels were found throughout the lactating period, but the levlel of surcease rose independently of the sucrose diet intake after weaning, indicating that the sucrose in the diet did not seem to influence the surcease activity at all.

급성 및 만성 영양장애가 소화효소 활성 및 세포기능에 미치는 실험적 연구

김윤수,황석귀,김명원,유용운,송정석,Kim, Yoon-Soo,Whang, Suk-Kuy,Kim, Myung-Won,Ryu, Yong-Wun,Song, Chung-Suk 생화학분자생물학회 1974 한국생화학회지 Vol.7 No.1

저자들은 한국인 주식에 흡사한 각종 식이 조성을 달리한 인공 식이가 취장소화효소 활성에 어떻게 영향을 미치며 이들 식이 조성차이와 소화효소 활성과의 함수관계를 알아 보기 위하여 식이 조성을 달리한 각종 식이를 가지고 실험한바 다음과 같은 실험결과를 얻었다. 식이 I군(저단백, 무지방, 고함수탄소)과 식이 II군(저단백, 정상지방, 고함수탄소)으로, 4주 또는 6주동안 사육후 백쥐의 취장 소화 효소 활성을 측정하여 그 변화를 비교 관찰하였다. 정상식이(정상단백, 정상지방, 정상 함수탄소)로 해당 기간 동안 기른 쥐의 각 효소 활성치를 100%로 표시할 때 식이 I, 식이 II로 2주 동안 기른 쥐 취장 소화 효소 chymotrypsinogen은 정상치의 0~10% trypsinogen은 0~20% amylase는 10~15%, lipase 20~25%로 저하 하였다. 이와 같은 효소 활성치의 저하는 계속 4주 6주에도 유지 하였으며 식이 III군(정상단백, 무지방, 고함수탄소)에서는 정상군과 하등의 변화가 없이 소화효소 활성치를 유지하였다. 즉 소화효소 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase, lipase 이들 모든 효소 활성은 우리가 사용한 지방의 함량에 하등의 영향을 받지 아니 하였으며 식이중 단백질 함양유무(18%)가 효소활성 저하의 중요한 요인의 하나라는 사실을 실험적으로 입증하였다. 이와 같이 식이 조성 차이로서 저하된 각식이군의 효소 활성도는 4주, 6주에 정상식이로 대체 하였을 때 식이 I, II로 4주, 6주동안 사육한 기간에 상관없이 식이 대체 3일만에 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, Iipase는 정상치로 회복하였으며 amylase는 4주에 대체한 것이 5일, 6주에 대체한 것이 7일을 요하였다. 즉 식이에 의한 amylase 효소 활성 회복 반응은 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, lipase와 상이 하였다. 4, 6주후에 정상식이 대신 저단백(5%) 고지방(78%) 저함수탄소(17%)로 조성된 고 지방식이로 대체 하였을때 소화효소는 전혀 회복을 보이지 아니한 사실로 미루어 보아 소화효소 활성 회복에는 단백질함양이 절대필수요소 임을 실험적으로 입증하였으며 지방은 전혀 관계하지 않은 사실도 압증하였다. 정상단백질(18%)이 일정하고 고지방(78%) 저함수탄소(5%) 식이로 3주, 4주 동안 기른 쥐의 취장내 효소활성 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, lipase는 하등의 영향을 받지 아니 하였으며 amylase 치만이 정상치 100% 보다 3주에 61.5%, 4주에 64%로 저하된 효소 활성치를 보였다. Amylase는 지방 함양보다 함수탄소양에 영향 받은 것 같다. 이상과 같은 우리의 실험적 사실은 취장 소화 효소 활성은 식이조성 차이로서 영향 받으나 지방 함양의 다소 유무에 하등의 영향을 받지 아니하고 오로지 단백질 함양 만이 그들효소의 활성 및 회복에 필수요소 임을 실험적으로 입중하였으며 amylase는 단백질 함양에도 영향 받으나 단백질 함양이 정상이고 함수탄소양을 줄인 고지방식이(함수탄소 : 지방 6 : 94)는 amylase 활성에 영향을 미친다는 사실도 구명하였다. the corresponding tissue fed with normal diet, the enzyme activities of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase were depressed by 0-10%, 0-20%, 10-15% and 20-25% respectively at the end of two weeks during the feeding of group I and group II and then these range of depletion of enzyme activities maintained continuously up to the end of tour and six weeks. This result suggests that digestive enzyme activities are influenced by only depletion of protein but not by various amount of fat in diet at all when carbohydrate is sufficient. Some of animals in groups I and II receiving designated diet for four and six weeks were transferred to the normal diet then pancreatic enzyme were assayed on the third, fifth and seventh days. The recovery of these enzymes is remarkable, and apparently the rats fed protein-and lipid-depleted diet were able to respond immediately to the stimulus of diet. Complete recovery of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and lipase was observed after three days feeding regardless rats fed with protein- and lipid-depleted diet for four or six weeks except amylase which was recovered after five days feeding in the group of rats fed diet I and II for four weeks and seven days feeding in the group of rats fed diet I and II for six weeks. No difference in the recovery rate of enzyme was observed between diets I and II and also between the group of the rats when the rats in groups I and II shifted to the normal diet at four weeks and six weeks. Rats fed protein- and lipid-depleted for four and six weeks were not able to respond to the stimulus of diet, at all, which consists of high lipid. low protein, and low carbohydrate. This result illustrates that the essential factor for stimulus of enzyme activity is protein in diet but not carbohydrate and fat. The effect of high proportion of fat to carbohydrate (94: 6) in isonitrogenous, isocaloric diet on pancreatic enznyme activities also was studied in rats and compared to the effect of normal isocaloric diet. The diet which provided 57 cal/day and the experiment lasted for four weeks, no effect of this diet on pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and lipase was observed. However, pancreatic amylase was reduced to 61.5% at the end of three weeks and 64% at the end of four weeks. This result indicates that pancreatic amylase activity may be related when carbohydrate is restricted but protein is normal in diet. These results indicate that when various dietary composition is related to the pancreatic enzyme activity, one of main influential factor in diet on pancreatic enzyme is protein, but not fat at all. However pancreatic amylase acivity may be related when carbohydrate is resticted but protein is normal in diet. Our experimental evidence tends to indicate that enzyme synthesis in the pancreas is regulated, at least in part by the composition of amino acid pool(s) in the acinar cells of pancreas. This may be due to the decreased amount of amino acid in the dietary protein, but not composition of fat. It can be postulated that the decrease in the dietary protein affects synthesis and secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes, and then the intracellular structure of the cell, resulting in decrease of cell activity and tissue debility.

Strontium-85를 사용할 Bone Scanning의 임상적 이용 가치에 관한 연구

김윤수(Kim Yoon Soo),김익동(Kim Ik Dong),서철성(Suh Chul Sung),김홍태(Kim Hong Tae),김준(Kim Joon),강창수(Kang Chang Soo) 대한정형외과학회 1971 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.6 No.4

人工酸性비 被害植物의 微視形態的 變化

金潤受(Yoon Soo KIM),鄭甲彩(Gap Chae CHUNG),李聖熙(Seong Hee LEE) 한국원예학회 1991 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.9 No.1

아서 미첼의 「크레올 지젤」에 내재된 페미니즘적 특징 연구

김윤수 ( Yoon Soo Kim ),김경희 ( Kyung Hee Kim ) 대한무용학회 2014 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.72 No.1

The purpose of the study is to investigate the aspects of feministic peculiarities manifested in Arthur Mitchell`s 「Creole Gisell」. This study is explored women inequality theory, women suppression theory, multiculturalistic feminism, and postcolonial feminism according to characteristics, basic factors, resolution, and alternatives. The methodology for the study is to analyze the relevant dance literatures, and video materials from internet. I believe this study establish the important basic data to approach various forms of feminism in ballet, not only for US ballets, but also that of Europe or third-world countries.