논토양의 화학성과 질의 장기 변동

김명숙(M.S. Kim),김원일(W.I. Kim),이종식(J.S. Lee),이계준(G.J. Lee),조광래(G.L. Jo),안문섭(M.S. Ahn),최승출(S. C. Choi),김현주(H.J. Kim),김영상(Y.S. Kim),최문태(M.T. Choi),문영훈(Y.H. Moon),안병구(B.K. Ahn),김현우(H.W. Kim),서영진(Y.J. Seo),이 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6

지속농업은 환경의 건전성과 균형을 유지하는 것에 좌우된다. 본 연구는 농촌진흥청과 전국 도 농업기술원이 공동으로 전국 논토양의 화학성분 함량의 현황과 장기적인 변화양상을 파악하기 위하여 1999년부터 4년 1주기로 모니터링한 결과, 토양 화학성 변동 해석과 그에 따른 토양의 질 지표의 변화정도를 예측하고자 수행하였다. 2007년에 조사한 전국 논토양 2,070 지점의 평균 화학성은 pH 5.8, 유기물 24 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 유효인산 132mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 유효규산 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었고, 치환성 칼륨,칼슘 및 마그네슘은 각각 0.32, 4.7, 1.3 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 장기적인 변화에서는 pH는 약간 증가하였으나 치환성 칼륨은 다소 감소하였다. 그러나, 치환성 칼슘과 유효규산 함량은 지속적으로 가장 많이 증가하였다. 그리고 논토양의 화학성 질 지표는 2007년까지 점점 향상되고 있었으며 유효규산의 질 지표 변화량이 가장 높아 전체 질 지표에 미치는 영향이 가장 컸음을 알 수 있었다. There is very important to investigate long-term trend of soil chemical properties and quality index for sustainable agriculture and production of agricultural safety products. Monitoring on soil chemical properties in paddy soils was conducted as one cycle with 4 years from 1999 to 2007. Paddy soil samples were taken from 4,007, 1,970, 2,070 sites in 1999, 2003 and 2007, respectively. With these data, soil quality index (SQI) was evaluated by method that Yoon et al suggested in 2004. Chemical properties of paddy soils were 5.8 for pH, 24 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for organic matter, 132 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for available phosphate, 0.29 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable potassium, 4.7 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable calcium, 1.3 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable magnesium and 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for available silicate in 2007. Long-term change was shown that pH has increased gradually whereas exchangeable potassium has decreased. However, reasonably large changes were found. Exchangeable calcium and available silicate level in 1999 was 4.0 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 86 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, but had risen to 4.7 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in 2007, respectively. The change of paddy soils quality index was increased gradually and increasement of silicate quality index was higher than other quality indicators.

감마線을 照射한 小麥種子의 貯藏効果

Y. S. Kim(金泳相) 한국육종학회 1971 한국육종학회지 Vol.3 No.1

小麥品種 Weibull’s Svenno 種子를 11.3%와 4.2%의 含水量으로 平衡시켜 감마線照射後 貯藏期間을 數分, 1日, 1週, 2週 및 4週로 하여 播種直前醱素 bubbling 하여 나타나는 貯藏效果를 苗生長에서 調査하였든바 얻어진 結果는 아래와 같다. 1) 放射線照射된 種子가 貯藏期問의 延長에 따라 生物學的障害는 크게 나타나며 이와 같은 傾向은 乾燥種子에서 더욱 뚜렷하게 보였다. 2) 始初의 生物學的障害程度는 種子水分含量에 無關하였으며 貯藏에 依하여 障害의 差異가 크게 나타났다. 이러한 結果는 突然變異育種硏究에 있어서 變更要因 卽 貯藏期問, 酸素效果 및 種子水分含量等에 대하여 考慮되어야함을 暗示하고 있다. Storage effect in relation to moisture content was studied in gamma-irradiated wheat seeds. Variety used in the study is Weibull’s Svenno. Two seed moisture content was considered namely 4.2 percent and 11.3 percent. Prior to irradiation the seeds were equilibrated to this moisture content in a controlled humidity agent in a desiccator and irradiated at gamma doses ranging from 5 kR to 30 kR. After irradiation the following storage period were observed; within 10 minutes, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. After each indicated storage period the seeds were germinated in a growth chamber. Before sowing the seeds for germination, these were soaked in oxygenated water by bubbling oxygen at 20℃ for 5 hours. Seedling injury was observed to be vary with storage time. That is, long storage period the greater is the seedling injury. Seed moisture content was also observed to have similar effect as storage period. Least seedling growth was observed at low seed moisture content. It was observed that initial biological damage was not related to seed moisture content. Therefore, it was concluded that modifying factors such as storage period, oxygen, and moisture content of seed be considered in mutation breeding studies.

기밀성 향상을 위한 압력방폭형 외함 도어의 보강 및 고정위치 최적설계

김영상(Y. S. Kim),신동석(D. S. Shin),전의식(E. S. Jeon) 한국기계가공학회 2022 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.12

人爲突然變異李用에 依한 小麥品種開良 第Ⅱ報, M₂世代의 稈長 및 穗長變異體選拔

Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋) 한국육종학회 1975 한국육종학회지 Vol.7 No.2

This experiment was conducted to select useful mutants in two wheat varieties, Youngkwang and Jaekwang, treated with gamma-ray, EMS and EI. 1,685 mutant lines in Youngkwang and 1,249 in Jaekwang were observed on the culm and spike-length compared with their mother variety in M₂ generation. The results obtained were as follows: 1. For induction of desirable mutants such as short culm or long spike length, Youngkwang had greater than Jaekwang. Otherwise mutation frequency treated with both chemical mutagens were higher than with gamma-ray. Many mutant lines were selected near the level of LD-50 in plant growth for each mutagen. 2. A few mutants were decreased above 30% for culm length, while spike length of them were appeared in the same or increased as compared with their mother vaviety. These mutants in M₂ generation were able to select both varieties. 3. 134 mutant lines in Youngkwang and 52 in Jaekwang were selected for short culm mutant, also 137 in Youngkwang and 64 in Jaekwang respectively were selected for long spike mutants.

放射線處理한 大麥 M₂集團에서 몇가지 形質의 變異性에 對한 硏究

Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋),K. H. Im(任建爀) 한국육종학회 1973 한국육종학회지 Vol.5 No.1

This experiment was conducted to clarify the variability of several characters in M₂generation of two barley varieties. Chilbo and Youngwol-yukgak irradiated with X-ray or thermal neutron. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Phenotypic variability in irradiated populations was higher as compared with original. variety as the variants were differed with its genetic construction. 2. Mutants falling outside the variation range of original variety were observed about 2.8% for total plants. The frequencies of phenotypic variability were increased to minus variants. 3. The mean values of culm length, spike length, spike weight and number of grains per spike were decreased compared with that of control on both varieties, especially culm length in Youngwol-yukgak was shortened about 10% at the flux of 9.0×10¹²Nth/㎠.

감마線 照査한 大麥種子의 熱前處理効果

Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋) 한국육종학회 1972 한국육종학회지 Vol.4 No.2

These experiment was carried out in order to study the seedling growth and the frequencies of M₂chlorophyll mutations on various moistured barley seeds which were heated as pre-irradiation treatment. Youngwol-yukgak was used as a material variety. Some results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) Reduction of seedling height, as criterion of biological injury, was greatly appeared due to irradiation only compared with pre-irradiation heat treatment. 2) The growth of seedling was more sensitive than that of root especially in low moistured seeds. 3) Pre-irradiation heat treatment at 60-70℃ for 5 hours markedly increased the chlorophyll mutation frequency.

麥類의 人爲突然變異誘起技術에 關한 硏究

Y.S. KIM(金泳相) 한국육종학회 1977 한국육종학회지 Vol.9 No.2

These studies were carried out to establish efficient induction technique by application of various modifying factors on wheat and barley treated with ionizing radiations and chemical muta-gens. In M₂ generation, the variation of mutants and the frequency of chlorophyll-defficiency mutants were investigated. In addition, histological observations were made of changes in shoot apices on durum wheat seed and seedling treated with gamma-ray.

유한요소해석을 이용한 압력방폭형 외함 박판도어의 보강대 최적설계

김영상(Y. S. Kim),신동석(D. S. Sin),박대호(D. H. Park),전의식(E. S. Jeon) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2023 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.5

[화학]음이온 교환체를 이용한 크롬의 추출메카니즘 및 추출방법 최적화에 관한 연구

김석원(S. W. Kim),김덕묵(D. M. Kim),김영상(Y. S. Kim),임흥빈(H. B. Lim) 한국분석과학회 1994 분석과학 Vol.7 No.3

大小麥 幼穗分化 및 發育過程에 關한 硏究 1. 大小麥 幼穗分化基準設定에 關한 調査硏究

Ham Y. S(咸泳秀),C. H. Cho(曺章煥),Y. S. Kim(金泳相) 한국육종학회 1972 한국육종학회지 Vol.4 No.1

本 試驗은 우리나라 中部地方의 水原에서 栽培되는 奬勵品種을 使用하여 大 小麥의 幼穗分化發育의 基準을 作成하여 이것을 栽培面에 利用하기 위하여 1965~1966 2個年間에 걸쳐 調査硏究한 것이며 結果를 다음과 같이 要約한다. 1. 和田의 小麥, 稻村의 大麥에 對한 幼穗分化過程들과 比較하면서 小穗 및 ○花始原體의 分化와 形態 및 組織學的으로 發育을 主로 하여 大麥 및 小麥의 幼穗分化過程을 檢討하였다. 2. 大麥의 幼穗分化 過程의 各 段階에서의 待徵은 第Ⅴ期; 苞始原體가 보이나 小穗始原體는 보이지 않음. 第Ⅵ期; 幼穗의 中心部에 小穗 始原體가 分化하려 하고 二重隆期가 나타나지 始作하는 時期 第Ⅶ期; 幼穗의 下部에는 二重隆起가 보이고 後期에는 二重隆起가 不明遼하게 됨. 第Ⅷ期; 節間伸長이 보이고 小穗始原體가 3個의 小穗로 分化하며 또한 止葉이 決定되는 時期. 第Ⅸ期; 各 小穗에서 ○花 諸 器官의 始原體가 隆起되어 이 時期에는 穗에 稔實할 수 있는 段數가 決定됨. 第Ⅹ期; 護○과 芒의 伸長이 뚜렸한 時期. 3. 小麥의 幼穗分化過程의 各 段階에서의 持徵은 第Ⅴ期: 苞 始原體가 分化하고 小穗始原體의 分化는 보이지 않는 時期. 第Ⅵ期; 幼穗의 中央部에 小穗始原體의 작은 突起가 나타나고 基部에는 苞와 小穗始原體의 二重陵起가 나타나는 時期. 第Ⅶ期; 稈과 穗部의 區別이 容易하고 節數와 葉數가 決定되는 時期. 第Ⅷ期; 幼穗 最頂部의 小穗가 分化하여 小穗가 決定되는 時期.第Ⅸ期; 各 小穗에서 ○花 諸器官의 始原體가 分化 됨. 第Ⅹ期; 各 小穗에서 頂部 ○花의 諸器官의 始原體가 分化하여 基部의 ○花에서는 胞原細胞가 形咸되어 稔實할수 있는 一小穗當 ○花數가 決定되는 時期. 4. 花器의 分化 發育에 있어 各 小穗의 器官의 分化는 外○이 나타난 다음 內○이 出現하였으며 웅예기관의 分化가 웅예기관의 分化보다 빨랐고 웅예의 分化는 子房 花柱 및 柱頭의 順으로 形成되었다. The experiment has been carried out during the period of 1965-1966 to establish the standard of spike differentiation in barley and wheat, and to study the possibility of utilizing the standard for Practical cultivation. The standard of spike differentiation in barley and wheat was established by comparing the stadard of wheat made by Wada, and the standard of barley by Inemura mainly investigating the differentiation and growth of spikelet and floral initials in morphological and systematical aspects. The characteristics of each stage(5th stage to 10th stage) in spike differentiation of barley and wheat were described. In the differentiation of spikelet organs, palea appeared after lemma and the differentiation of anthers was faster than that of pistil. The sequence of the pistil parts is ovary, styles, and stigmas.