자궁내 성장 제한 신생아의 처치 및 예후

김애란 ( Ai Rhan Kim ) 대한주산의학회 2005 Perinatology Vol.16 No.4

자궁내 성장제한 신생아의 평가 및 처치

김애란 ( Ai Rhan Kim ) 대한주산의학회 2004 Perinatology Vol.15 No.2

선천성 식도무공증의 임상적 고찰

김성철,김대연,김애란,김기수,피수영,김인구,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Pi, Soo-Young,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2003 소아외과 Vol.9 No.1

This study reviews 14 years' experience treating esophageal atresia with special emphasis on the clinical profile and outcome. From May 1989 to February 2003, 65 cases of esophageal atresia (EA) were treated at Asan Medical Center. Boys outnumbered girls 2.4 to 1. Prematutity and low birth weight were 27.7% and 38.5%. Esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) was the most common type (87.7%), followed by pure EA and H type fistula. Forty-six patients (70.8%) had one or more associated anomalies, cardiac malformations were the most common. Duodenal atresia was found in 7 cases. There were 6 patients (9.2 %) with VATER cluster. VACTERL cluster was present in 18 patients (27.7%), one of who fulfilled the complete syndrome. Waterston group A, B and C made up 21.5%, 40.0% and 38.5% of the total group. Surgical treatment was attempted in 63 patients and deferred in 2 who had severe associated malformations. For EA with distal TEF, primary esophago esophagostomy was carried out in 51 cases, and division of TEF and gastrostomy in 4 cases and no operation in 2 cases. For pure EA, colonic graft was done in 2 after gastrostomy and esophagostomy, and esophago esophagostomy was performed in 2 after gastrostomy. Two patients with pure EA are waiting for the second operation after gastrostomy. Division of TEF was carried out in 2 cases with H type TEF. The overall survival rate was 76.9%, and survival by Waterston classification was 100% in group A, 80.8% in B and 60.0% in C. Thorough workup for associated anomalies, interdepartmental approach and more careful surgical decision and technique are required to improve the outcome of EA.

극소 저출생체중아에서의 소장천공

김대연,김성철,김애란,김기수,피수영,김인구,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Pi, Soo-Young,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2001 소아외과 Vol.7 No.2

With the advances in neonatal intensive care, pediatric surgeons experience very low birth weight infants, weighing <1,500 g, more frequently. We report our 14 cases of very low birth weight infants with intestinal perforations without congenital causes, at the Asan Medical Center during the 11-year period from 1989 to 2000. The average birth weight was 919 g(563-1,490), and average gestational age was 206 days(161-286). There were nine males and five females, Operation was performed at an average age of 14.0 days(3-38). Ten neonates with symptomatic PDA were given indomethacin in an attempt to close the ductus. Bowel perforation involved the jejunum in two and ileum in twelve. At laparotomy, there were seven focal intestinal perforations, five typical NEC, one intussusception, and an unknown cause, Four neonates underwent resection and anastomosis of the bowel, and nine underwent exteriorization. One underwent resection and anastomosis after peritoneal drainage. Four patients had postoperative complications; two leakage of anastomosis, one stoma necrosis, and one internal herniation. Seven of fourteen patients survived(50.0 %). Seven patients died of septic complication. There was a significant difference in the birth weight and gestational age in survivors compared with those who died(p<0.05). There was an increased risk of bowel perforation in indomethacin treatment for PDA. Careful clinical observation and keen judgment are essential for this particular group of infants.

미세아의 외과적 문제점들

김대연,김성철,김애란,김기수,피수영,김인구,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Pi, Soo-Young,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2006 소아외과 Vol.12 No.1

Recent advances in neonatal management have resulted in a dramatic increase in survival of very low birth weight infants. These critically ill infants, however, continue to pose significant challenges in management and ethics. There is little information on the outcome of the micropremie (birth weight less than 800 g) that require surgery. The records of 171 micropremies treated over a 15 year period (beginning in 1989) at Asan Medical Center was reviewed retrospectively. Forty-one (24.0 %) infants required surgical interventions by pediatric surgeons. There were 90 boys and 81 girls. The smallest infant, weighed 396g at birth, had esophageal atresia and died before surgery. The smallest survivor, birth weight 645 g, received anenterostomy for necrotizing enterocolitis at the weight of 590 g. The gestational age of the group rangedfrom 21 to 36 weeks. The most common surgical problem was inguinal hernia. There were 20 inguinal hernias, and repairs were performed on17 infants. Excluding 2 cases, hernia repair was performed at the time of discharge. There was only one recurrence of adirect inguinal hernia. Necrotizing enterocolitis developed in 17 patients, 11 were operated upon, two had peritoneal drainages, and 9 had enterostomies. Five of 11 surgical infants died after operation and three of the nonsurgical infants died of various complications. Although micropremies have potentially high risks of serious complications and death, the outcome can improve with careful surgical observation and judgment.

극소 저출생 체중아에서 비타민 A 보충요법의 만성 폐질환에 대한 예방 효과

김훈기 ( Hun Gy Kim ),박성종 ( Sung Jong Park ),이정주 ( Jung Ju Lee ),김영돈 ( Young Don Kim ),김경아 ( Kyueng Ah Kim ),김애란 ( Ellen Ai Rhan Kim ),김기수 ( Ki Soo Kim ),피수영 ( Soo Young Pi ) 대한주산의학회 2001 大韓周産醫學會雜誌 Vol.12 No.3

신생아 및 영아기의 허쉬슈프렁병 진단

김대연,김성철,김경모,김애란,김기수,김정선,구현우,윤종현,김진천,피수영,김인구,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Kyung-Mo,Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Kim, Jung-Sun,Goo, Hyun-Woo,Yoon, Chong-Hyun,Kim, Jin-Cheon,Pil, Soo-Young,Kim, I 대한소아외과학회 2002 소아외과 Vol.8 No.1

Diagnosing Hirschsprung's disease is a clinical challenge. Hirschsprung's disease should be considered in any child who has a history of constipation dating back to the newborn period. We examined diagnostic methods and their results retrospectively in 37 neonates and infants who underwent both barium enema and anorectal manometry for the diagnosis of Hirschsprungs disease at Asan Medical Center between January 1999 and April 2001. Two radiologists and a surgeon repeatedly reviewed both of the diagnostic results. In anorectal manometry, thirty-four studies were in agreement with the definitive diagnosis, giving an overall diagnostic accuracy of 91.9 % (neonate; 100 %, infant; 85.7 %). The accuracy and specificity of barium enema was lower than those of anorectal manometry, but sensitivity was higher. There was no significant difference between the two methods. Both studies showed findings consistent with the final diagnosis. However, discordant results needed further evaluation or close observation to diagnose accurately. We conclude that Hirschsprungs disease should not be diagnosed by only one diagnostic method.

만삭아에 발생한 괴사성 장염

김대연,김성철,김경모,김애란,김기수,피수영,김인구,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Kyung-Mo,Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Pi, Soo-Young,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2003 소아외과 Vol.9 No.1

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is usually a disease of premature infants, but occasionally it affects the term neonate. Twenty-five infants with NEC were treated at Asan Medical Center between January 2000 and December 2002, and 13 of them were term infants. In each case, the diagnosis of NEC was established by a clinical illness fulfilling the Bell's stage II or III NEC as modified by Walsh or by surgical findings. There were six males and seven females. The birth weight was from 1,960 to 3,700 g. The age at diagnosis was from 1 to 40 days. Four patients had congenital heart disease: one of who had hypothyroidism and cleft palate. Abdominal distension was present in all, and bloody stools in four. One patient had history of hypoglycemia, three had Rota viral infection. Eight patients had leucopoenia (<$5.0{\times}10^9/L$), seven had thrombocytopenia (<$100{\times}10^9/L$), and three severe thrombocytopenia (<$50{\times}10^9/L$). Laparotomy was required in 10 of the 13 patients. Indications for operation in the acute phase were failure to respond to aggressive medical therapy in five, and perforation in three patients. There were two late phase operations for intestinal stricture and fistula. There were no operative complications. Ten of thirteen patients survived (76.9%). Two patients died of septic complication. There was a delayed death due to heart failure. There was a significant difference in survival according to platelet count ($50{\times}10^9/L$) (p<0.05). Congenital heart disease and Rota viral infection are associated with NEC in term infants and thrombocytopenia and leucopoenia may be surgical indications.

임상 ; 당뇨병 산모에서 출생한 신생아의 선천성 기형 진단에서의 산전 정밀 초음파 검사의 역할

김영아 ( Young A Kim ),임진아 ( Gin A Lim ),이병섭 ( Byong Sop Lee ),심재윤 ( Jae Yoon Shim ),원혜성 ( Hye Sung Won ),김애란 ( Ai Rhan Kim ),김기수 ( Ki Soo Kim ),이필량 ( Pil Ryang Lee ),김암 ( Ahm Kim ),피수영 ( Soo Young Pi ) 대한주산의학회 2010 Perinatology Vol.21 No.3

목적: 당뇨병 산모아는 비당뇨병 산모아에 비해 선천성 기형의 빈도가 높다. 연구자들은 당뇨병 산모에서 산전정밀 초음파의 태아 기형 선별 검사로서의 유용성을 확인하고 신생아에 대한 출생 후 진단적 검사의 필요성에 대하여 조사하였다. 방법: 2004년 1월부터 2009년 2월까지 서울아산병원에서 임신성 또는 임신전성 당뇨로 진단받고 태아 기형의 검사 목적으로 정밀 초음파가 시행 된 218명과 이들에서 출생한 226명의 신생아를 대상으로 하여 의무기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 산전 진단 소견과 출생 후 진찰 및 초음파 검사 결과와의 차이점을 비교하였다. 결과: 산전 정밀초음파 검사 및 산후 진찰 및 초음파 검사 상 각각 32명(14.2%) 및 35명(15.5%)에서 이상소견이 발견되었다. 산전 진단에서 정상이었던 194명의 신생아 중 7례(3.6%)에서만 산후에 선천성 기형이 발견되었으며 이들은 모두 신생아기 진찰로 진단되거나 의심할 수 있었다. 임신 24-28주경 공복 혈당이 120 mg/dL이상인 경우와 인슐린 치료를 받은 경우 선천성 기형의 발생이 의미 있게 증가하였다. 결론: 숙련된 산과의사에 의하여 시행된 산전의 정밀 초음파 검사는 당뇨병 산모아의 선천성 기형의 발견 및 신생아기 치료방침 결정에 유용하였다. 당뇨 산모아에서 산전 정밀 초음파 상 이상이 없었던 경우 신생아기의 추가적인 진단적 초음파 검사는 필요하지 않을 것으로 생각된다. Objective: Infants of diabetic mothers have higher incidence of congenital malformations compared with those of non-diabetic mothers. We investigated the usefulness of prenatal level II or “targeted” ultrasonography (TUS) as a diagnostic tool to identify congenital abnormalities in infants of diabetic mothers. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 218 mothers diagnosed as pregestational or gestational diabetes in whom prenatal TUS was performed in Asan Medical Center between 2004 and 2009. The prenatal TUS findings were compared with the congenital abnormalities found in the infants (n=226) of the diabetic mothers by physical examination and ultrasonography (including echocardiography). Maternal risk factors associated with congenital anomalies were also investigated. Results: The incidence of congenital anomalies was 14.2% (n=32) in prenatal TUS and 15.5% (n=35) postnatally, respectively. Only 7 cases (3.6%) out of the 194 infants with normal prenatal TUS findings were found to have congenital abnormalities diagnosed postnatally. All of the abnormalities in these 7 infants could be detected or suspected by physical examination after birth. Maternal fasting glucose level >120 mg/dL and insulin therapy were significant risk factors for predicting congenital abnormalities in infants of diabetic mothers. Conclusion: Prenatal TUS performed by experienced obstetricians had a good reliability in the diagnosis of congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers. Need for universal screening of ultrasound or echocardiography in these infants should be questioned especially in the cases in which prenatal TUS was performed.

초극소 저출생 체중아에서 복막 배액술의 경험

남소현,김대연,김성철,김애란,김기수,피수영,김인구,Nam, So-Hyun,Kim, Dae-Yeon,Kim, Seong-Chul,Kim, Ai-Rhan,Kim, Ki-Soo,Pi, Soo-Yung,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2008 소아외과 Vol.14 No.1

Recently, the survival rates of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants have improved with the development of neonatal intensive care. However, these infants were susceptible to intestinal perforation due to prematurity, fluid restriction, and injection of indomethacin, etc. Because of the risks of transportation, anesthesia and surgery itself, peritoneal drainage has been compared with laparotomy. Through our experience, we investigate the usefulness of peritoneal drainage retrospectively. From 1997 to 2007, six ELBW (M:F=5:1) underwent primary peritoneal drainage for intestinal perforation. Their median birth weight was 685g (405~870) and gestational age was $25^{+1}$ weeks ($24^{+3}{\sim}27^{+0}$). We noticed the intestinal perforation at median 10.5 days (8~18) after birth, and placed Penrose drain or Jackson-Pratt drain through right lower quadrant incision under local anesthesia. The cause of intestinal perforation was necrotizing enterocolitis in one patient, but that of the others was not clear. Three patients who showed normal platelet count and stable vital signs recovered uneventfully. Two patients (birth weight less than 500g) who showed unstable vital signs and low platelet count (12,000 / $mm^3$ to 30,000 / $mm^3$)expired despite aggressive resuscitation. One patient required laparotomy due to persistent intestinal obstruction after drain removal and survived. Our experience shows that peritoneal drainage was an acceptable treatment for ELBW infants and the prognosis was related to vital sign and platelet count at the time of intestinal perforation, and birth weight.