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사출성형의 Flow Mark 특성 분석을 위한 유한요소해석
김승모(Seungmo Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.5-2
Wavelike flow marks are a kind of surface defect that can arise during the filling stage of the injection molding process. In this study, we performed a numerical analysis using a finite element method to predict the conditions under which flow marks are generated. To simplify the analysis, a two dimensional flow through a channel between two parallel plates was considered. The viscosity of the polymer melt was modeled by the Cross-WLF equation. For the finite element analysis, a velocity-pressure formulation was used to simultaneously solve the continuity and momentum equations. The calculation domain for the numerical analysis keeps changing with time due to the advancing melt front. To handle the free surface more accurately, a moving grid method was employed. A numerical mesh was generated at each time step using an automatic mesh generation scheme. An analytical model was developed to correlate the effects of process variables to the flow mark geometry. Results of the numerical analysis were compared with the available experimental data. The estimated geometry of the flow marks were in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations. Parametric studies have been performed to examine the effects of various processing conditions and the material properties on flow mark size.
공간구조 분석론을 활용한 의원공간 배치에 관한 연구 - 검진센터를 운영하는 내과의원을 중심으로 -
김승모 ( Seungmo Kim ),윤성호 ( Sungho Yoon ) 한국공간디자인학회 2017 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.12 No.4
(연구배경 및 목적) 급속하게 변화하는 사회적, 제도적, 문화적 환경 속에 경제발전과 생활양식의 변화, 의학기술의 발달로 인구의 노령화와 만성질환이 빠르게 늘어나면서 건강에 대한 관심도 높아지고 있다. 이에 따라 현대의 의료 환경도 종전 질병 치료의 목적에서 질병의 조기진단과 예방의 목적이 우선시되고 있다. 이에 국가적 정책으로 검진프로그램을 개발, 보급을 확대하여 이제는 1단계 의료기관인 의원에서도 국가에서 진행하는 국민건강보험공단검진을 통한 건강검진이 보편화 되고 있다. 따라서 의 원에서도 급격히 늘고 있는 건강검진 수요자들을 유치하기 위해서 경쟁적으로 건강검진센터공간을 설치 운영하고 있다. 이에 의 원의 공간배치와 구조체계의 특성을 분석하여 실제 의원의 공간설계에 적용할 수 있도록 하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 본 연구는 문헌과 선행연구를 통해 의료기관 및 건강검진에 대한 이론과 공간구조 분석이론을 기초로 국내의 수도권에서 건강검진센터를 운영하는 의원 중 2013년 이후 개원한 내과의원 6곳을 선정하여 공간은 진료 공간, 검사 공간, 지원 공간으로, 동선은 수검자와 외래환자, 의사, 의료종사자의 동선으로 분류하여 진행하였다. 분석도구로 Depthmap(V10)을 이용하여 공간구문론에 기반한 분석방법인 공간 위상도(J-graph)와 공간의 시각적 인지에 기반한 분석방법인 가시성 그래프(VGA)에 의한 분석으로 도출된 지표 값을 통해 사례를 든 각 의원들의 단위 공간별 연결 관계와 공간 통합성, 명료성을 분석, 종합하여 내과의원에서 나타나는 공간특성을 파악하였다. (결과) 의원공간의 특성이 대형병원이나 종합병원, 대학병원처럼 거대한 공간속에 전문진료과목들과 검진센터가 세분화되고 안내체계가 잘 갖추어진 공간의 특성과는 다르게 나타나고 있다. 의원공간은 검사와 진료 및 치료, 지원공간이 혼재되어 있기 때문에 제한된 한 공간 안에 복잡하고 다양한 기능들의 소 공간들로 이루어져 있다. (결론)연결성을 살펴보면 의사와 의료종사자의 이동거리를 최소화하여 피로도와 스트레스를 줄이고, 통합성의 특성으로는 제한된 공간에서 다양한 종류의 검사와 진료 및 치료가 이루어지기 때문에 이에 필요한 최소한의 기능과 순서를 이해하고 의료장비의 기본 특성들을 이해하여 최소의 공간으로 원활한 진료 및 치료와 검사가 이루어질 수 있도록 할 필요가 있다. 또한 명료성의 특성을 살펴보면 외래환자 및 수검자가 진료 및 치료와 건강검진을 진행하는 과정에 각 공간의 위치를 쉽게 알 수 있게 하며 의료종사자가 환자와 수검자의 이동과 동향을 쉽게 파악할 수 있도록 가시성을 최대로 확보시켜줄 필요성이 있다. (Background and Purpose) As the percentage of the population of people with old age and chronic disease increases rapidly, thanks to improvements in lifestyle and economic/technological developments, interests in health are rising as well. For this reason, the modern medical environment pursues goals beyond the just treating existing diseases to prioritizing the early diagnosis and prevention of diseases. Through the medical examination program developed and expanded as a national policy and offered by National Health Insurance Corporation, receiving medical examinations at a clinic, the primary medical institution, has become more common. Therefore, clinics have become more competitive, establishing and operating as efficient medical examination centers to take in the rapidly increasing demand. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial arrangements and structural systems of successful clinics so that these can be applied to the design of actual clinics. (Methods) The researcher began by examining preceding research on medical facilities, medical examinations, and spatial structure analysis. For the study, the researcher selected six internal medicine clinics opened after 2013 from among all the clinics operating medical examination centers in the Korea`s metropolitan area. The study divided the clinics` spaces into consultation space, examination space, and support space, and divided traffic paths into examinee and outpatients, doctors, and health professionals. Three programs were used to analyze the data and produce graphic output: UCL Depthmap v10, a topological analysis tool; JGraph, a graph drawing analysis method based on spatial syntax; and visibility graph analysis (VGA), an analysis method used to measure the visual perception of space. The study identified key structural characteristic in internal medicine clinics by investigating and combining the connectivity, spatial integration, and clarity of the derived indicator values of each clinic. (Results) The characteristics of clinic spaces were shown to be different from those of larger medical institutions such as big hospitals or university hospitals where the specialized medical courses and examination centers are subdivided and the guidance systems are well organized in a large space. The clinic spaces consist of diverse and complex function areas within limited spaces where consultation, inspection, treatment, and support areas are mixed together. (Conclusions) Looking at the connectivity, fatigue and stress can be reduced by minimizing the traveling distance of doctors and health professionals. In terms of spatial integration, the function, order, and basic feature of the medical devices must be understood to allow smooth consultation, examination, and treatment within minimum spaces because various types of tasks must take place simultaneously within the clinics. Regarding clarity, maximum visibility needs to be secured for outpatients and examinees to enable them to easily navigate through the process of medical examination and for health professionals to easily grasp the movements and trend of the examinee.
적외선 가연성가스 센서의 입출력 특성 및 캘리브레이션 연구
김승모(Seungmo Kim),박규태(Gyoutae Park),김병덕(Byuongduk Kim),조영도(Youngdo Jo),김희식(Hiesik Kim) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.11
In this paper, we conducted a study of the calibration to grasp the input and output characteristics of the two types of gas sensors to be used in a flammable gas detector. In fact, when developing gas detectors, there are many difficulties, which the specifications listed in the sensor and the measured data values are not matched each other. It is necessary validation and calibration of specifications when sensors are used practically. In this study, the output voltages were measured by inputs of 8 kinds of standard gases into the two types of infrared gas sensor. The linear regression function derived by using least square estimation to represent the output voltages. When inverting the derived linear regression function and actually measuring its approximation equation, errors occur due to pressure of gas injection, temperature, humidity and nonlinearity of circuits. In order to reduce these errors and optimize responses of sensor"s inputs and outputs, we adjusted the slope and offset of the designed equation. Also, it is confirmed through experiment that the output according to the input is linear other than before.
이종접합 쇼트키 다이오드의 임피던스 특성을 이용한 가스센서에 관한 연구
김민준(Minjun Kim),김승모(Seungmo Kim),박규태(Gyoutae Park),김병덕(Byungduk Kim),박진섭(Jinsub Park) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.11
AlGaN/GaN devices have received a considerable amount of attention in relation to high-power applications due to their wide band gap properties. To achieve control of the leakage current using a cap layer addition, various surface treatment methods and results were discussed. However, the influence of different capping layers on material properties and transistor performance has not been investigated so far. We investigated the effects of various capping layers, such as n-GaN and u-GaN formed on AlGaN/GaN Schottky diodes, on the performance of devices using TLM and AFM analysis. Also we studied impedance changes of schottky diodes by injecting gases with diverse concentrations.