2010년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용한 우리나라 성인 상용 음식의 1인 1회 섭취분량(Portion Size) 설정과 2005년 국민건강영양조사를 기반으로 한 설정량과의 비교 - 밥류, 면·만두류, 국·탕류 및 찌개류를 중심으로 -

김숙배,김순경,김세나,조영숙,김미현,Kim, Sook-Bae,Kim, Soon-Kyung,Kim, Se-Na,Cho, Young-Sook,Kim, Mi-Hyun 한국식품영양학회 2013 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

The purpose of this study was to define a portion size for dishes frequently consumed by Korean adults especially focusing on main dishes like rice, noodles, soups, and stews. From the original 8,019 people who took part in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010, we analyzed the data for 4,556 persons aged 19 to 64 years and selected dish items consumed based on an intake frequency of 30 or more by all participants. The portion size of each dish item was set on the basis of the median amount ($50^{th}$ percentile) in a single intake by a single person. In the rice category, 15 items were selected, of which the most frequently consumed item was steamed rice with a portion size of 250ml. Among noodles and dumplings, the most frequently consumed dish was ramyeon with a portion size of 500ml. As for soups, the portion size was $250m{\ell}$ for kongnamul guk and $300m{\ell}$ for miyeoguk. In stews, the most frequently consumed items were kimchi jjigae followed by doenjang jjigae with a portion size of $200m{\ell}$ and $125m{\ell}$, respectively. In a comparison of portion sizes between the KNHANES 2010 and KNHANES 2005, the portion size of some noodles, soups, and stews tended to decrease from 2005 to 2010. Portion sizes established in this study for dish items consumed regularly by adults may be conveniently and effectively used in dietary planning, in nutritional education programs, and in assessing the dietary intake status of Korean adults.

임신부의 건강식생활 가이드를 위한 애플리케이션 개발 소비자요구도 조사

김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),김정원(Jeong Weon Kim),김미현(Mi Hyun Kim),조영숙(Young Sook Cho),김세나(Se Na Kim),임희숙(Hee Sook Lim),김순경(Soon Kyung Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.6

This study was conducted to assess needs of educational mobile application (App) development for nutritional management and information on pregnant women. A total of 105 pregnant women were investigated on general characteristics, dietary habits, health behavior and needs for contents and composition of the application. The mean age of the subjects was 31.9 years and the mean gestation period was 25.4 weeks. The rate of skipping meal was 39.0% and the rate of irregular meal time was 46.6%. The consciousness of the meal as balanced nutrition and health was 19.9%. Eating out at least forth a week was 35.3%. Obtaining information about pregnancy and childbirth were internet (35.3%), hospital or health center (19.9%), books (17.1%), experience (15.2%), mobile (8.6%) and friends or acquaintances (4.8%). If the application is developed, subject replied ``frequently use`` (51.4%), ``when needed`` (47.6%) respectively. The favour topic in developing application were ``nutrition information of pregnant and fetal`` (36.2%), ``weight management, feeding`` (33.3%), ``food choice and cooking`` (21.9%), ``shopping`` (5.7%), ``example of menu`` (1.9%), ``effect of smoking, drinking, exercising`` (1.0%). The favorite content was ``include sufficient amount about information`` (44.8%). Depending on the age and education level, the best age for pregnancy group have significantly higher ability for utilize and information gathering than old age pregnant group. Also the best age for pregnancy group have high demands of design, convenience and various contents in App development. Therefore, mobile application (App) for pregnant women could be widely used as an effective dietary guide.

방문건강관리사업 담당 영양사와 연계전문인력을 위한 영양부문 교육 프로그램 운영과 평가

김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),윤진숙(Jin Sook Yoon),김경원(Kyung Won Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2014 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of the study was to implement and evaluate a nutrition capacity training program for dietitians and otherprofessionals working at customized home visiting health services (CHVHS). This program focused on nutrition servicesfor hypertension or diabetes mellitus patients including topics regarding CHVHS, and composed of 10 sessions withlectures, discussion and practice. Dietitians (n = 54) and other professionals (n = 20) participated in the program andcompleted the questionnaire to assess their understanding of nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHSbefore and after the program, and to examine program satisfaction and education needs. Subjects were mostly women(98.6%) and college or university graduates (93.2%). Total score (p < 0.001), as well as all items (p < 0.001 or p < 0.01)of understanding regarding nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHS, were significantly increased after theprogram both in dietitians and in other professionals. Subjects were generally satisfied with the program, showing moresatisfaction with items regarding subject``s participation, acquiring new knowledge, usefulness of the program forCHVHS, and education materials. In future nutrition capacity training programs, subjects wanted to have classesregarding nutrition services for specific chronic diseases, development of education materials, methods for dietary lifeeducation, modifying eating habits and so on. Other professionals compared to dietitians, showed higher education needsin meal management (p < 0.01) and nutrition counseling skills (p < 0.05). This study showed the effectiveness of anutrition capacity training program for home-visiting dietitians and other professionals, and suggests the need anddirection for future nutrition capacity training programs. (Korean J Community Nutr 19(1) : 71~83, 2014)

식품교환법을 활용한 영양교육의 효과

김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),최희진(Hee Jin Choi) 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education using Food Exchange System on elementary students` nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrients intake. Nutrition education lessons (40 min /lesson, 4 times), `5 major nutrients and functions`, `6 food groups and sources of 6 food groups`, `good choice of snacks and eating out` as class lesson, `daily needed energy and food exchange units` as individual lesson, were provided to 70 elementary students (4th grade 33 students, 5th grade 37 students) in Jeonbuk Province. We assessed the changes in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, food habit using a questionnaire and nutrient intake using 24 hr recall method by nutrition education. In nutrition knowledge, there were significant increases in scores of `functions of carbohydrate`, `functions of protein`, `functions of lipid`, `foods of carbohydrate`, and `foods of lipid`. In dietary attitude, there were significant increases in scores of `taking a meal with joy`, `taking a meal at ease`, `taking a meal with sufficient protein intake` and `taking a meal without spicy foods` by nutrition education. There were significant changes in the type of breakfast and in the frequency of snacks. After education, in type of breakfast, it showed higher number of students ate rice oriented meal than they did before education. and in frequency of snacks, it showed lower number of students ate snacks `over 3 times` than they did before education. In Carbohydrate: Protein: Fat (CPF) ratio (%), it was significantly changed from 55.8:17.7:26.6 to 63.6:15.3:21.1. In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), vitamin A, thiamin, niacin, vitamin B6, calcium, phosphate, iron and zinc showed positive changes in distribution of number of children by intake level. That is, there were significant improvements in intakes of vitamin A, thiamin, niacin, vitamin B6, calcium, phosphate, iron and zinc. These results showed that nutrition education using Food Exchange System for elementary students improved nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrients intake. It suggest that nutrition education using Food Exchange System may improve dietary behaviors and reduce an incidence of obesity in elementary students. (Korean J Community Nutrition 13(6):922~933, 2008)

전주지역 복지관 노인대상 영양교육 및 맞춤형 점심 급식 프로그램 효과

배정숙(Jeong Sook Bae),김미현(Mi Hyun Kim),김숙배(Sook Bae Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a nutrition education and personalized lunch service program in a senior welfare center. A total of 30 elderly (14 males, 16 females) aged 62~89 years participated in this study. Nutrition education lessons (2 hour/lesson/week) were provided for 4 weeks. Also, ten weeks from week 3rd to week 12th, personalized lunch providing 1/3 personal needed energy was served 5 times for a week. After the nutrition intervention program, we compared anthropometric characteristics, blood biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake using 24 hr recall with those before the intervention. The body weight (p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) were decreased. There were significant increases in score of nutrition knowledge (p < 0.01) and consumption of milk & milk products for snacks. There was a positive effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS) showing significant decreases in portion of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.05). Also, serum triglyceride (TG) was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), riboflavin (p < 0.01), vitamin C (p < 0.001), calcium (p < 0.05) were positively improved. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) and intakes of vitamin C (p < 0.001), riboflavin (p < 0.05), Ca (p < 0.01) and Fe (p < 0.05) were increased. In conclusion, this nutrition education and lunch service program providing 1/3 personal needed energy can be used to develop and implement a tailored nutritional intervention programs in the setting of a community senior welfare center to improve health and nutritional status of Korean elderly. (Korean J Community Nutr 18(1) : 65~76, 2013)

식생활교육용 어린이 푸드 아바타 애플리케이션 개발

조주한(Joo Han Cho),김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),김순경(Soon Kyung Kim),김미현(Mi Hyun Kim),김갑수(Gap Soo Kim),김세나(Se Na Kim),김소영(So Young Kim),김정원(Jeong Weon Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.4

An educational application (App) called ‘Children`s Food Avatar’ was developed in this study by using a food DB of nutrition and functionality from Rural Development Administration (RDA) as a smart-learning mobile device for elementary school students. This App was designed for the development of children`s desirable dietary habits through an on-line activity of food choices for a meal from food DB of RDA provided as Green Water Mill guide. A customized avatar system was introduced as an element of fun and interactive animation for children which provides nutritional evaluation of selected foods by changing its appearance, facial look, and speech balloon, and consequently providing chances of correcting their food choices for balanced diet. In addition, nutrition information menu was included in the App to help children understand various nutrients, their function and healthy dietary life. When the App was applied to 54 elementary school students for a week in November, 2012, significant increases in the levels of knowledge, attitude and behavior in their diet were observed compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05, 0.01). Both elementary students and teachers showed high levels of satisfaction ranging from 4.30 to 4.89 for the App, therefore, it could be widely used for the dietary education for elementary school students as a smart-learning device. (Korean J Community Nutr 18(4) : 299~311, 2013)

췌십이장절제술 환자의 휴식대사량 측정방법 비교 분석

김선형 ( Seon Hyeong Kim ),유희철 ( Hee Chul Yu ),조백환 ( Baik Hwan Cho ),채수완 ( Soo Wan Chae ),정미진 ( Mi Jin Jeong ),최영란 ( Yeong Ran Choi ),김행순 ( Haeng Sun Kim ),김주신 ( Ju Sin Kim ),김숙배 ( Sook Bae Kim ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2012 한국정맥경장영양학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: An accurate determination of energy expenditure is needed to prevent postoperative complications and provide effective medical care for surgical patients. The aim of this study was to compare measured resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) using an indirect calorimetry (IC) with the help of five predictive equations. Methods: The subjects chosen for the study were 18 patients (12 males, 6 females) who underwent PD at Chonbuk National University Hospital between March 2010 and October 2011. REE was measured by IC (ICREE) and calculated with the following five predictive equations - (eqREE)-Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin St. Jeor (MI), American College of Chest Physician (AC), Ireton- Jones (IJ) and Cunningham (CU) equation - on postoperative day 3. Results: The mean measured REE by IC was 1,117.9 ±180.2, whereas the mean predicted REE by HB, MI, AC, IJ and CU equations were 1,241.3±156.1, 1,226±153.0, 1,401.7±188.0, 1,355.1±342.7, and 1,324.8±188.7 kcal/ day, respectively. The mean predicted REE by HB, MI, AC, IJ, and CU were found to be significantly different from the measured ICREE. The intraclass correlation coefficient ICC), which describes the degree of agreement with the ICREE, was significantly highest in CUeq REE (r= 0.679). The rate of accuracy of HBeq REE, MIeq REE, ACeq REE, IJeq REE, and CUeq REE for ICREE was 27.8%, 50.0%, 27.8%, 22.2%, and 23.5%, respectively, in individual subjects. Conclusion: The intraclass correlation coefficient (r= 0.124∼0.679) and accuracy rate (22.2∼50.0%) determined from the results of REE measured by IC and that calculated by five predictive equations were low in overall. The low accuracy rate of energy expenditure by equations, which apply uniform indicators, can be explained by ongoing metabolic changes of the patient. Thus, the use of IC is recommended to assess energy requirements in PD; when this method is not practical in clinical settings, nutrition intervention is needed through regular monitoring because of the low accuracy rate of the predictive methods and ICREE that can cause inappropriate energy management, leading to metabolic disorders. (JKSPEN 2013;5(1):24-30).

한국 거주 중국 대학생 대상 영양교육 효과

곽가려(Jia Li Guo),김순경(Soon Kyung Kim),김정원(Jeong Weon Kim),김미현(Mi Hyun Kim),김세나(Se Na Kim),김숙배(Sook Bae Kim) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea. The subjects were 64 Chinese college students in Korea (educated group, 32 students vs. non-educated group, 32 students). Educated group was lessoned as group and/or individual. Nutrition education program consisted of four lessons (40min / lesson), ``6 major nutrients & function (group lesson)``, ``6 food group and sources (group lesson)``, ``personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units using Food Exchange System (individual lesson)``, and ``smart choice of snacks and eating-out foods (group lesson)``. We examined the differences between educated group and non-educated group in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrients intake. After education, there were positive improvements on nutrition knowledge: ``function and foods of 6 nutrients``, on dietary attitudes: ``type of breakfast`` in educated group. In the evaluation of nutrient intakes according to Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean (KDRI), there were positive improvements on intake levels of riboflavin, fiber, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, Ca and K in the educated group. In the index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased in the educated group. In conclusion, it is possible to improve nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea through the nutrition education focused on personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units.

일부 한국여대생의 로마진단기준에 의한 변비 실태조사 및 변비에 영향을 미치는 생활요인

정수진(Jung Su-Jin),채수완(Chae Soo-Wan),손희숙(Sohn Hee-Sook),김숙배(Kim Sook-Bae),노정옥(Rho Jeong-Ok),백상호(Baik Sang-Ho),강명희(Kang Myung-Hee),김건희(Kim Gun-Hee),김미현(Kim Mi-Hyun),김현숙(Kim Hyun-Sook),박은주(Park Eun-Ju),허영 韓國營養學會 2011 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.44 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 한국 일부 여대생 978명 대상으로 로마진단기준에 의한 변비 실태를 조사하고 변비증상을 가진 자와 정상배변 습관을 가진자들의 생활습관 배변상태 월경불편감 의생활 주거생활 식습관 및 식이섭취실태 등을 조사하여 변비와 관련성을 살펴보고 이를 영양교육 자료의 기초를 삼고자 실시하였다. 조사대상자는 인구비례에 근거한 전국 5개지역 소재 (서울/경기 경상 충청 전라 강원지역) 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 여대생 978명을 대상으로 2008년 5월부터 6월까지 조사를 실시하였다. 1) 조사대상자의 평균연령은 21.6세로 로마기준 II에 의한 변비실태 조사는 정상배변군과 변비군 각각 714명 (73.0%)과 264명 (27.0%)로 나타나 변비유병률은 27.0%로 나타났다. 2) 변비군에서 체중 (p < 0.05)과 체질량지수 (p < 0.05)는 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타났고 비만도가 높을수록 변비발생 (p < 0.01)과 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01)가 높았다. 3) 변비군의 경우 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.001)과 과민성대장질환 (p < 0.001) 치질 (p < 0.01)발생률과 대변모양이 비정상적 (p < 0.05)비율이 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타나 배변상태와 변비여부와 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났고 속쓰림증과 상복부 통증증상은 정상배변군에서 변비군보다 더 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.001). 4) 배변상태에 이상이 있고 변비가 있을 때 월경불편감을 느끼는 정도가 더 크게 나타났다. 5) 의류 (속옷류) 착용 시 인체에 나타나는 불편한 증상은 정상배변군보다 변비군에서 유의적으로 더 높았고 의류착용시 편안함이 높을수록 변비 (p < 0.01) 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01) 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01) 과민성대장질환 (p < 0.01) 및 월경불편감 (p < 0.01)은 유의적으로 낮았다. 6) 조사대상자의 평상시 식사의 규칙성 조사결과 변비군에서 아침식사가 불규칙적인 경우는 30.3% (p < 0.05) 점심식사와 저녁식사의 불규칙적인 경우는 각각 33.3% (p < 0.05)와 30.8% (p < 0.05)로 나타나 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 규칙적인 식사를 할수록 변비증세 (p < 0.01) 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01) 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01) 월경불편감 (p < 0.01) 음주률 (p < 0.01) 및 외식률 (p < 0.05)이 낮았다. 7) 식품군다양성점수 (DDS)는 정상배변군에서 4.22점인 반면 변비군에서는 4.12점보다 더 높게 나타나 (p < 0.05) 변비군의 경우 식사의 다양성이 낮았다. 8) 조사대상자의 주생활 요인 인자와 변비여부와의 관련성은 나타나지 않았다. 9) 변비상태와 건강관련 항목과의 관련성을 조사결과 변비가 있을수록 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01),기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01) 과민성대장증후군 (p < 0.01) 및 월경불편감(p < 0.01)이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과 여대생들의 변비 증세를 감소시키기 위해서는 식생활습관의 정정과 함께 규칙적인 하루 3끼 식습관유지가 중요하고 식품 선택 시 다양하게 골고루 규칙적으로 섭취하는 것이 필요하다. 의류 착용 시 편안한 옷차림을 유지하고 속옷착용 시에도 편안하고 쾌적함을 유지를 통해 신체증후에 나타는 증상을 최소화하는 것이 변비 개선에 중요할 것으로 사료된다. 추후 가임기 성인여성 변비 예방을 위한 올바른 생활습관을 유지 및 개선 할 수 있는 실생활 교육지침과 기초자료 제공이 필요하다. This study investigated the actual status of constipation. In total 978 female students in Korea participated. We identified the relationship among constipation and life style clothing patterns housing patterns dietary habits and dietary intake in a constipation symptom group and a normal group. The actual constipation rate based on the Rome II criteria was 27.0% (n = 264). Body weight (p < 0.05) and body mass index (p < 0.05) in the constipation group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. The incidence of functional bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome in the constipation group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. The discomfort of wearing underwear was significantly higher in the constipation group than that in the normal group. The constipation group revealed a significantly higher rate of irregular dietary habits than those in the normal group. The dietary diversity score of the normal group was 4.22 (p < 0.05) which was significantly higher than that of constipation group (4.12). No significant difference in life style factors was observed. It is necessary for university female students to correct their dietary habits maintain food intake of three times per day and select diverse foods. Furthermore it is necessary for university female students to wear comfortable clothing to lessen symptoms and improve constipation rates.

전북지역 혈액투석 환자와 지속성 외래 복막 투석 환자의 영양상태 비교

김선형(Kim Seon-Hyeong),김숙배(Kim Sook-Bae) 韓國營養學會 2003 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.36 No.4