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김성홍(Seong Hong Kim),정태학(Tai Hak Chung) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.3
Batch digestion of biological sludge by the intermittent aeration was carried out in this study. Reduction of pH and alkalinity in the intermittent aeration was smaller than the continuous aeration because of alkalinity production by denitrification in the intermittent aeration. Both VSS and FSS were reduced as digestion continued because FSS was released along with VSS destruction. Correlation between SS reduction and TCOD removal was high, and SS rather than VSS could be used as a useful index for aerobic and intermittent aerobic digestion of biological sludge. It was also found that the decay constant increased and the nonbiodegradable fraction decreased along with increasing aeration ratio. An empirical equation describing the SS removal efficiency as a function of the aeration ratio and digestion time was proposed. Soluble fraction of TCOD was negligibly small. Rapid increase of SCOD was observed in the initial period, however, SCOD gradually decreased as digestion continued because of decreased organic leaching and increased utilization of not easily degradable organics.
소화온도와 소화방식이 슬러지 소화에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구
김성홍(Seong Hong Kim),최영균(Young Gyun Choi),정태학(Tai Hak Chung) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.1
Batch digestion experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of digestion type and temperature on solids reduction and nitrogen release and transformation. Solids reduction kinetics can be well expressed by exponential decay equation with 2 parameters for aerobic or intermittent aerobic digestion and aerobic digestion is the fastest among 3 types. As the digestion temperature increases, decay constant is increased by 1.044 of temperature sensitivity coefficient. Oxygen deficit is very effective method to kill and dissolve aerobic organism, but this does not mean that solids reduction rate is higher in anaerobic digestion than aerobic or intermittent aerobic digestion. Organic nitrogen released from organisms is accumulated as ammonia nitrogen in anaerobic digestion. But released nitrogen is accumulated as nitrate nitrogen in aerobic digestion until the available alkalinity is exhausted. Nitrification is partially possible after the available alkalinity is exhausted because alkalinity is produced by the hydrolysis of biomass. Nitrogen removal is the highest in the intermittent aerobic digestion and the efficiency is up to 57% for 34 days.
간헐포기 소화 슬러지의 고분자 응집제에 의한 개량과 입도 분포 변화에 관한 연구
김희준,김성홍,최재성,Kim, Hee-Jun,Kim, Seong-Hong,Choi, Jae-Seong 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.3
Synthetic organic polyelectrolytes can be used to condition sludges to enhance their dewaterability. Intermittent aerobic digestion is an useful digestion technology and has many advantages like neutral pH, low installation cost and easiness to operation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the dewaterability of intemittent aerobic digestion sludge and to find the relationship between dewaterability and particle size distribution change under the conditioning of intermittent aerobic digestion sludge by cationic polyelectrolyte. Digested sludge from intermittent aerobic digestion was used and cationic polyacrylamide polymer was added as a conditioner. CST(capillary suction time), TTF(time-to-filtration) were tested as a dewaterability index and the number of particle distribution was analyzed using particle size analyzer. The results indicate that cationic polyelectrolytes is useful to enhance dewaterability of intermittent aerobic digestion sludge. Mean particle diameter was increased as polymer dosage increased and its value was reached up to 100 mm on the condition of optimal cationic polymer dosage. CST and TTF are well correlated with mean particle diameter when the weighting order is 1.7. By the optimal conditioning with cationic polymer, particles in the filtrate are also reduced significantly and this means that conditioning is helpful to main stream by reducing SS loading from return flow.
박병수,김성홍,여수동,Park, Byeong Su,Kim, Seong Hong,Yeo, Su Dong 대한화학회 1990 대한화학회지 Vol.34 No.3
The solvolysis of substitued phenacyl tosylates was studied in binary solvent mixtures of methanol-acetonitrile and methanol-acetone at 55$^{\circ}C$. Except for m-nitrophenacyl tosylate, the rate constants were increased with both of electron-donating substituents and electron-withdrawing ones and its rate constants were the largest in the binary solvent mixtures of 90% MeOH-10% MeCN. The results show that the reactions were changed with dissociative $S_N2$ mechanism judging from the magnitude of 1/m values going from the electron-withdrawing group to the electron-donating one of the substrate. And above results were consisted with the account for the PES model and QM approach. MeOH-MeCN, $MeOH-Me_2CO의 이성분 혼합용매계에서 치환 페나실토실레이트류의 가용매 분해반응을 55$^{\circ}C$에서 전기 전도도법으로 연구하였다. 기질의 치환기가 전자받개 이거나 전자주개가 모두 페나실토실레이트 보다 반응속도를 증가시켰으며 m-NO_2$의 경우는 80% MeOH-10% MeCN에서 최대 반응속도를 나타내었다. 전이상태 파라미터의 비인 l/m값으로 부터 기질의 치환기가 전자받개에서 전자주개로 변함에 따라 전이상태는 기질과 친핵체의 결합형성이 감소되고, 기질과 이탈기의 결합파괴가 증가되는 dissociative $S_N2$ 반응메카니즘으로 진행됨을 알 수 있었으며 이 결과는 PES모형과 QM해석 방법에 의한 전이상태 구조변화의 논의와도 일치하였다.