골격성 3급 부정교합자의 임상적 특성에 따른 심리상태

김선옥 ( Sun Ok Kim ),진미영 ( Mi Young Jin ),유병철 ( Byeng Chul Yu ) 한국치위생학회(구 한국치위생교육학회) 2015 한국치위생학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the psychological state of the patients according to skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion symptoms. Methods: The subjects were 200 skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion patients. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, clinical manifestation, and T score of Korean version of self-rated Symptom Checklist-90-Revision modified by Jae-hwan Kim. The data were analyzed using SAS version 9.2 and t-test, ANOVA, and ANCOVA were used. Clinical manifestation included subjective recognition and radiological analysis. The subjective recognition of the patients consisted of self-satisfaction of the appearance, phonation, mastication, and temporomandibular joint pain. T score consisted of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. Results: The most serious factor in 9 scales was the severe TMJ pain by ANCOVA. Male patients had a higher T score in phobic anxiety, psyochoticism, somatization and depression than female patients. Those having low appearance satisfaction had the problem in interpersonal sensitivity. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were conspicuous in phonation difficulty and temporomandibular pain. Conclusions: The patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion have more satisfaction with appearance, pronunciation, and phonation than those with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion and overjet. Proper dental treatment will improve the communication and quality of life.

골격성 III급 부정교합자의 임상적 특성에 따른 심리상태

김선옥,진미영,유병철,Kim, Sun-Ok,Jin, Mi-Young,Yu, Byeng-Chul 한국치위생학회 2015 한국치위생학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the psychological state of the patients according to skeletal class III malocclusion symptoms. Methods: The subjects were 200 skeletal class III malocclusion patients. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, clinical manifestation, and T score of Korean version of self-rated Symptom Checklist-90-Revision modified by Jae-hwan Kim. The data were analyzed using SAS version 9.2 and t-test, ANOVA, and ANCOVA were used. Clinical manifestation included subjective recognition and radiological analysis. The subjective recognition of the patients consisted of self-satisfaction of the appearance, phonation, mastication, and temporomandibular joint pain. T score consisted of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. Results: The most serious factor in 9 scales was the severe TMJ pain by ANCOVA. Male patients had a higher T score in phobic anxiety, psyochoticism, somatization and depression than female patients. Those having low appearance satisfaction had the problem in interpersonal sensitivity. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were conspicuous in phonation difficulty and temporomandibular pain. Conclusions: The patients with skeletal class III malocclusion have more satisfaction with appearance, pronunciation, and phonation than those with skeletal class III malocclusion and overjet. Proper dental treatment will improve the communication and quality of life.

무역확대와 환경보호정책의 공존

김선옥(Sun ok Kim) 한국국제상학회 2016 國際商學 Vol.31 No.2

WTO 체제에서 지향하는 무역자유화의 확대 ․ 촉진 정책은 환경보호 정책과 상충되거나 접촉되는 경우가 있다. WTO 이전의 GATT시대에는 자유무역촉진의 관점에서 환경보호를 위해 GATT의 일반원칙을 예외적으로 적용하는 것에 대해서 엄격하게 해석하였으나, WTO 체제에서는 WTO에 대한 환경NGO 등의 이해를 얻기 위해 환경 및 고용문제 등을 포함하는 비무역적인 관심사항에 대해서 배려하고 있고, 일반원칙의 예외도 완화하여 적용하고 있다. 무역과 환경의 입장을 존중하면서 두 정책적인 가치를 공존시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하여 인류의 지속가능한 발전을 지향해 나가는 것이 가능할 것인가 하는 문제에 비중을 두고, 이 문제를 해결하기 위한 여러 가지 방안을 모색해 가는데 있어 고려할 수 있는 사항을 세가지로 정리하여 제시하였다. 첫째, 환경보호정책을 추구하기 위해 만든 국내기준이 외국제품에 대해 차별적으로 운용되지 않고, 시장접근의 기회를 자유롭게 보장할 수 있다면 환경보호정책과 자유무역정책은 상호 지원하는 방향에서 조화로운 관계를 유지하는 것이 가능할 것이다. 그리고 환경을 보호하고 보전하기 위한 목적에서 다른 가맹국의 환경정책이나 관행에 대해 영향을 미치고자 하는 경우에는 국가 간의 협조나 협의를 활용하여 우호적인 관계를 형성할 수 있는 방법을 선택하는 것이 자유무역정책과 환경보호정책 간의 조화를 도모하면서 또한 질서 있는 국제관계를 형성해 갈 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 무역의 지속적인 발전과 환경보호의 양립이 어떻게 가능할 것인가에 대한 문제를 해결해 나가는데 있어 무역확대를 통하여 환경보호에 긍정적인 효과를 초래할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고 이러한 방안을 환경보호정책을 위해 직접 사용하게 되면 무역확대정책과 환경보호정책은 서로 조화로운 관계를 유지할 수 있을 것이다. 셋째, 자유무역과 환경문제에 대한 관점의 전환이 필요하다. 자유무역의 추구는 환경 혹은 영속성을 저해하지 않는다는 자세로 이행해야 한다는 원칙을 확립하고, 환경보전이나 영속성의 유지를 위해 무역도 관리할 필요가 있다는 생각의 전환이 필요하다. Purpose : This paper aims to determine the possibility of harmonization between the policies of free trade and preservation of the environment since such policies. The policy of trade liberalization which the WTO pursues may be in conflict with environmental conservation. Research design, data, methodology : Research methodology adopted in this paper is the qualitative approach. This paper is to review legal principles and provisions of the WTO regulations on free trade and preservation of environment and to apply them to the actual case fields through the case study. Results : We can see the possibility of harmonization between the policy of trade liberalization and the policy of the preservation of environment. Conclusions : First, it is not operating the environmental protection policies as discriminatory policies against foreign products. If each country could freely guarantee opportunities for market access, it will be possible to maintain harmonious relationships themselves. Second, to address sustainable development and issues about environmental protection, it needs to explore the ways that could lead to positive effects on environmental protection through expanding trade. Third, it is necessary to switch the viewpoint about free trade and environmental issues, from free trade without obstacles to environment preservation to free trade for promotion of environment protection. It is required, through a conversion of thinking, to expand trade in order to accelerate the environmental protection.

신용장에 의한 대금결제구조에서 서류의 사기 또는 위조에 관한 고찰

김선옥(Sun-Ok Kim) 한국무역연구원 2013 무역연구 Vol.9 No.7

This paper addresses the issues relating to fraud and/or forgery in the system of financing international trade by documentary credits. Fraud or forgery in international letter of credit transactions has been admitted as a cause of injunction. A consideration of what constitutes factors of fraud or forgery is significant, but, in fact, it may be some difficult to determine what constitutes a fraud. The fraud exception itself is not governed by the UCP, but it has been recognised that exception of independent principle would be applied in fraud. It is widely accepted that the UCP is to be supplemented by domestic rules. Currently, the recognition a fraud exception has been interpreted extremely narrow and restricted, namely, it is recognised fraud in the documents by or with the knowledge of the beneficiary. As a result, banks are obliged to pay out on documents despite the fraud or forgery because the beneficiary is innocent. It is telling that the fraud exception seldom successfully invoked in practice, because the standard of proof necessary to show fraud is high; a mere allegation of fraud is insufficient. The court is willing to limit any inroads into the independence principles, and have accordingly interpreted the fraud exception restrictively. Additionally, where a forgery perpetrated by the third party, the documents are presented by an innocent beneficiary, the bank is not entitled to withhold payment even thought there is fraud Accordingly, in this case, where the documents tendered are fraudulent, the applicant will ultimately be obliged to reimburse the issuing bank and therefore bear the loss resulting from acceptance of such documents. A fraud exception is necessary to discourage the fraud that has become prevalent in international trade, and to maintain the trust that is the foundation of international commercial transactions.

L-carnitine과 L-methionine 및 쌀당화액의 첨가에 따른 두유요구르트의 품질특성

김선옥 ( Sun Ok Kim ),박미경 ( Mee Kyung Park ),이정은 ( Jung Eun Lee ),박지용 ( Ji Yong Park ) 한국콩연구회 2004 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.21 No.1

논문 : 해상운송인의 운송물 인도의무와 책임에 관한 고찰

김선옥 ( Sun Ok Kim ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2011 해운물류연구 Vol.27 No.1

AI를 이용한 식품 관리 시스템

김선옥 ( Sun-ok Kim ),박유진 ( Yoo-jin Park ),이가은 ( Ga-eun Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2022 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

본 논문은 식품 관리의 편리함을 위해 식품의 유통기한이 지나면 알려주는 시스템이다. 허스키렌즈의 태그인식 기능을 사용하여 식품에 부착된 태그를 저장하고, 태그의 날짜와 정보를 입력하면 그 날짜가 되면 알림이 가는 시스템이다. 또한 저장한 태그를 다시 인식하면 저장한 정보를 볼 수 있는 작업을 수행하도록 구성하였다.

해상운송인의 불법행위책임에 관한 고찰

김선옥(Sun ok Kim) 한국국제상학회 2014 國際商學 Vol.29 No.4

해상운송인의 운송계약책임과 불법행위책임은 서로 다른 요건에 따라 성립하고, 책임의 성질 및 그 효과도 다르지만, 해상운송인이 불법행위를 원인으로 한 손해배상책임을 부담하는 경우에도 해상운송계약에서 인정하고 있는 운송인의 면책 및 책임제한 조항 등을 원용 할 수 있다. 이러한 취급은 해상운송인의 사용인 및 대리인에게 불법행위를 원인으로 한 책임을 인정하는 경우에도 동일하게 적용함으로써 이들에 대한 책임의 크기를 해상운송계약에서 인정하는 책임한도액의 범위로 제한하고 있다. 해운업계에서 운송계약에 따른 책임내용을 불법행위책임에도 확대 적용하는 것에 대한 필요성과 타당성은 해상운송인의 책임을 결정하는 구조적인 특성과 신의성실의 원칙의 준수에서 찾을 수 있을 것이다. 해상운송인의 책임의 크기는 하주 측에서 부담하는 비용부담과의 균형관계를 고려하여 결정되는 구조로 되어 있는 경제적이고 현실적인 측면과 해상운송인보다도 경제적인 약자의 위치에 있는 해상운송인의 사용인 등에게 해상운송인에게 인정하고 있는 책임한도액보다 더 큰 책임을 인정하는 것은 신의성실의 원칙에 반할 뿐만 아니라 불공정한 결과를 초래할 수 있다는 논리를 배경으로 하고 있다. Purpose : Where performance of obligations under a contract of carriage is delegated to employees, agents or a sub-contractors, who are third parties to contract, from contracted carriers, the shipper may ignore the provisions of the contract and sue them directly in tort where the loss or damage to cargo resulted from their negligence. In this case, the third parties can not rely on the defences clause in the bill of lading because they are not parties to the contract of carriage. What is needed by the shipping market is an efficient and fair system, which reasonably respects the contractual allocation of risk and prohibits suits against employees or agents of the carrier for the same damage. This paper is to review the reasoning that the third parties can rely on the protection afforded by the terms of the contract. Research design, data, methodology : Research methodology adopted in this paper is the qualitative approach as it is to interpret legal principles and provisions of the international and domestic regulation on liability in tort and to apply them to the actual business fields, especially focusing on carriage contract, through the case study. Results : If the third parties could be sued successfully for negligence without any protection from the bill of lading, this would enable the cargo interests to sue regardless of the carrier's protection under the Hague-Visby Rules. Such results are undesirable for various reasons, considering the commercial reality, policy reasons with allocation of risk during carriage and good faith. Conclusions : It is found that, when faced with privity doctrine, the courts have rightly tried to extend the protection clauses in carriage contract to third persons on the basis of considerable ingenuity in devising a variety of reasons, such as commercial reality, policy reasons and good faith.

생태학적 사정에 기반한 선행사건 중재가 미술수업에서 지적장애학생의 도전행동에 미치는 효과

김선옥(Kim Sun-Ok),채수정(Chae Soo-Jung) 한국행동분석학회 2018 행동분석․지원연구 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구는 학교생활 중 수업참여에 있어서 도전행동을 보이는 지적장애학생들에게 생태학적 사정에 기반한 선행사건 중재가 도전행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 특수학교 중학교 2학년에 재학 중인 지적장애학생 3명이었고, 독립변인은 생태학적 사정에 기반한 선행사건 중재이며, 종속변인은 대상 학생의 도전행동이었다. 직접관찰, 기존 기록 검토, 면담, 설문, 기능분석 등의 생태학적 사정을 통해 연구대상학생들의 개인변인과 환경변인, 교사변인 등을 파악하고 이 정보에 근거하여 선행사건 중재를 시행하였다. 연구설계는 단일대상연구 방법 중 대상자간 중다기초선설계를 사용하였으며, 기초선, 중재, 유지의 순으로 실험을 진행하였다. 종속변인인 도전행동은 자리이탈 행동, 소음발생 행동, 과제방해 행동 3가지 유형으로 분류해서 부분간격기록법으로 관찰하여 기록하였다. 연구 결과, 생태학적 사정에 기반한 선행사건 중재는 미술수업시간에서 지적장애학생의 도전행동을 기초선에 비해 중재 구간에 유의미하게 감소시킬 수 있었다. 대상학생 모두 도전행동의 평균값이 크게 낮아졌으며 PND 값 100%, Tau-U 값 -1.00로 중재의 효과가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유지효과를 알아본 결과, 기초선과 비교해보면 기초선과 유지 구간 간 PND 값이 100%로 중재효과가 유의미하게 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. 이런 연구 결과를 바탕으로 특수교육 현장에 적용할 수 있는 함의를 제언하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of antecedent-based intervention in the ecological assessment process on the maladaptive behaviors of students with intellectual disabilities. The participants were second-grade middle school students with intellectual disabilities who are enrolled in a special school. The subjects personal, environmental, and teacher-related factors were analyzed using ecological assessment- direct observation, reviews of existing records, interviews, questionnaires, and functional analysis. The antecedent-based intervention was developed based on the results of ecological assessment. There were three types of challenging behaviors: seat breakaway, noise generation, and task interruption. These behaviors were observed and recorded using the partial interval recording method(20-second intervals comprising 17-second observations with 3-second recordings). Multiple-baseline research design, a type of single-subject design, was employed across three participants for baseline, intervention, and maintenance phases. The data were analyzed using six visual analysis methods: level of data, trend, distribution of data, immediacy effect, percentage of non-overlapping data, and persistence of data. These methods were recently suggested by What Works Clearinghouse (Kratochwill et al., 2013) as quality indicators for single-subject research designs. The results showed that antecedent-based intervention in the ecological assessment process significantly decreased the challenging behaviors of students with intellectual disabilities during art class through a comparison of the intervention interval. The mean value of challenging behaviors was significantly less in all subjects, the percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) value was 100%, and Tau-U value was -1.00, indicating that the effects of the intervention were significant. Compared to the baseline value, the PND value between the baseline and maintenance was 100%, indicating that the intervention effects were significantly consistent. These analyses were discussed in terms of educational implications to apply in special education practices.

『블라이드데일 로맨스』의 여성 재현 연구

김선옥 ( Kim¸ Sun-ok ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2020 영어권문화연구 Vol.13 No.3

This paper aims to read Nathaniel Hawthorne’s third novel, The Blithedale Romance from the feminist perspective focusing on representation of female characters. Hawthorne is generally known to have had conservative attitudes towards women’s role in patriarchal society and seems to have projected his ideas on the male narrator in representing female characters of The Blithedale Romance. Especially, the irony that the female protagonist, who led the social reform movement as an active feminist, commits suicide because of the failure in love with the anti-feminist man arouses some doubt that the conservative male author may have made a satire of contemporary feminists. However, The Blithedale Romance includes so much ambiguity and complexity that we cannot dismiss it as just an anti- feminist novel for the reason that the author and the male narrator reveal negative views of women. Even though Hawthorne seems to often express his conservative ideas of women directly through the male narrator, he allows readers to deviate from the narrator’s point of view and watch female characters and events from the different perspective by making him an unreliable narrator with limitations and flaws as a man. In short, although the protagonist created by the conservative male author reveals some limitations and flaws as a female activist, she still shows possibility of a new woman rarely seen in 19th-century American society beyond the author’s personal views of women in his real life, which makes possible a feminist approach to The Blithedale Romance.