이승만의 권력 장악 과정-우익의 주도권 과정을 중심으로-

김병문 ( Byung-moon Kim ) 대한정치학회 2018 大韓政治學會報 Vol.26 No.4

이 연구는 단독정부 수립을 위한 권력투쟁 과정에서 우익세력 내에서 이승만의 주도권장악 과정을 살펴보았다. 우익에서의 주도권 장악에는 여러 변수가 작용하였으나 이중 이승만의 지방순회와 도미를 통한 외교활동을 주요 변수로 삼아 설명하였다. 1946년 4월 이후부터 단행한 지방순회는 이승만으로 하여금 독립촉성국민회의에서 주도권을 장악하는 계기가 되었다. 이승만의 지방순회로 인해 우익세력은 조직화 되고 결국은 이승만의 정치적 기반과 영향력 강화에 도움을 주게 되었다. 실제로 지방순회 이후 독립촉성국민회의 내에서 이승만은 김구의 임시정부계열보다 우위를 선점 할 수 있었고 자신을 지지하는 세력으로 독립촉성국민회의 임원을 구성 할 수 있었다. 이승만은 우익 내부의 주도권 장악과 자신의 구상을 실현하기 위해서는 미국의 지원이 필수적이었는데, 이 시기 미군정은 표면적으로는 김규식을 대표로하는 중간파를 지원하고 있었다. 이러한 불리한 상황을 극복하고 그 자신이 정국의 주도권을 장악하기 위해 이승만은 단독정부론을 내세우게 되었다. 이승만은 단독정부안을 본격적으로 선전할 기회를 마련하고 미국의 대한정책을 전환시켜서 미군정 당국과의 관계를 새롭게 조절할 필요에 의해 도미를 통한 외교활동을 하였다. 미국에서의 도미외교 활동이 구체적인 성과를 내지는 못했지만 이승만은 국내에서 예상외의 효과를 거두게 되었다. 1947 년 3월 12일 대소 봉쇄정책을 선언하는 트루먼 독트린 이후 미국의 한반도정책은 급변하는 모양새를 보였다. 제한된 구조적 틀 속에서 목표를 가지고 단독정부를 수립하려는 이승만이 일정한 역할을 할 수 있었던 배경에는 이승만이 우익세력에서의 주도권을 확보하여 이를 활용할 수 있었기 때문이었다. This study examined the process of dominating Rhee's leadership in the right wing forces in the process of power struggle for establishing a sovereign government. In the right wing, there were many variables in the dominance of the initiative, but the explanation was based on the local tour of Rhee Seung-man and diplomatic activities through the US visiting. The provincial tour that took place since April 1946 became the moment when Rhee took control of the initiative in Dokchoc Kukminwhi. Due to the local tour of Rhee Seung-man, the right wing forces were organized and eventually helped to reinforce Rhee's political base and influence. In fact, within the Dokchoc Kukminwhi, after the provincial tour, Rhee was able to prevail over the Provisional government family of Kim-ku and he was able to organize Dokchoc Kukminwhi as an advocate. Rhee Seung-man was required to support the US in order to realize the leadership of the right and to realize his own initiative. At that time, the US military government supported the middle wave represented by Kim Gyu-sik. In order to overcome these disadvantages and take control of the initiative of the state itself, Rhee established independent single government. Rhee made diplomatic activities through US visiting by preparing an opportunity to promote independent single government in earnest and to change the policy of the US and to regulate the relationship with the US military authorities. Although the US diplomatic activities in the United States did not produce concrete results, Rhee had unexpected effects in Korea. After the Truman Doctrine, which declared the March 12, 1947 policy of containment, the US policy on the Korean Peninsula was changing rapidly. In the background of the limited role of Rhee Seungman in establishing a sovereign government with a goal in a limited structural frame, Rhee was able to take the initiative in the right wing and utilize it.

커피 슬러지 바이오차의 Cu와 Cd 흡착제거 특성 연구

김병문,강창환,양재규,나정균,정종암,정형진,임진환,고경민,김완희,장윤영,Kim, Byung-Moon,Kang, Chang-Hwan,Yang, Jae-Kyu,Na, Jung-Kyun,Jung, Jong-Am,Jung, Hyung-Jin,Lim, Jin-Hwan,Ko, Kyung-Min,Kim, Wan-Hee,Chang, Yoon-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.2

In this study, the adsorption of $Cu^{2+}$ and $Cd^{2+}$ from aqueous solution on the biochar derived from used coffee grounds at different pyrolysis temperatures has been investigated as a potential low-cost treatment method for heavy metal-containing waters. Three biochar samples prepared by heating coffee sludge at temperature of $300^{\circ}C$ (B300), $500^{\circ}C$ (B500), and $700^{\circ}C$ (B700) were tested for the adsorption capacity and kinetics of Cd and Cu. Also the influencing factor of heavy metal removal by ion exchange in terms of cation exchange capacity (CEC) of each biochar was measured. Adsorption of Ca and Cu by biochar produced at higher pyrolysis temperature showed higher adsorption capacity but the optimal pyrolysis temperature based on performance and economy was known as $500^{\circ}C$. Sorption of Cu and Cd by biochar followed a Langmuir model at pH 6~6.5, attributing mainly to surface sorption. The biochar was more effective in Cu and Cd sorption than activated carbon (AC), with BC 500 being the most effective, which indicates that sorption of Cd and Cu by coffee sludge biochar is partly influenced by chemical sorption on surface functional group as well as physical sorption.

벤잘코니움, 미토마이신 C, 덱사메타존이 섬유주세포의 스트레스에 미치는 영향

김병문,김재우,Byung Moon Kim,Jae Woo Kim 대한안과학회 2015 대한안과학회지 Vol.56 No.1

Purpose: To investigate the effects of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), mitomycin C (MMC) and dexamethasone (DEX) on cellular stress in cultured human trabecular meshwork cell (HTMC) monolayers. Methods: HTMCs were cultured in the inner Transwell chamber until confluence and then were exposed to BAC, MMC or DEX for 6 hours. The carboxyfluorescein permeability through the HTMC monolayer was measured using a spectrofluorometer at 532 nm after 2 hours in the outer chamber. The 3-[4, 5 -dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate cellular viabilities. Results: The carboxyfluorescein permeability through the HTMC monolayer increased and cell survival decreased with 0.002% BAC (p < 0.05). Increased permeability without decreasing cell survival occurred with 0.05 μg/mL MMC. No effect on the permeability or cell survival was observed at 0.1 or 1.0 μm DEX (p > 0.05). Conclusions: BAC and MMC induced cellular toxicity and stress at lower concentrations but did not affect survival of cultured HTMCs. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2015;56(1):104-108

석탄회로부터 뮬라이트 단섬유의 제조

김병문,박영민,유승우,윤석영,박홍채,Kim, Byung-Moon,Park, Young-Min,Lyu, Seung-Woo,Yoon, Seog-Young,Park, Hong-Chae 한국세라믹학회 2006 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Mullite short fibers have been fabricated by adapting the Kneading-Drying-Calcination (KDC) process and characterized. The effect of the addition of foaming agent and calcination temperature on the formation of mullite fibers from coal fly ash, was examined. In the present work, ammonium alum $NH_4Al(SO_4)_2\;12H_2O$ synthesized trom coal fly ash and sodium phosphate $Na_2HPO_4\;2H_2O$ were used as foaming agents. After calcination at $1300^{\circ}C$ for 10 h and then etching with 20% HF solution at $50^{\circ}C$ for 5 h using a microwave heating source, the alumina-deficient $(AI_2O_3/SiO_2$ = 1.13, molar ratio) orthorhombic mullite fibers with a width of ${\sim}0.8mm$ (aspect ratio >30), were prepared from the coal fly ash with $AI_2O_3/SiO_2$ = 0.32, molar ratio by the addition of $NH_4AI(SO_4)_2\;12H_2O$, and with further addition of 2 wt% sodium phosphate. The excessive addition of sodium phosphate rather decreased the formation of mullite fibers, possibly due to the large amount of liquid phase prior to mullitization reaction.

김영삼, 김대중, 노무현 정부의 개혁 정책 비교

김병문 ( Byung Moon Kim ) 비교민주주의연구센터(비교민주주의학회) 2012 비교민주주의연구 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문은 김영삼, 김대중, 노무현 정부의 개혁정책을 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 3명의 대통령의 정권 탄생의 의미를 살펴보고 주요 개혁의 추진과정에서 리더십을 어떻게 발휘하였는지에 대한 내용을 살펴보고자 하였다. 김영삼 정부의 주요 개혁은 금융실명제는 정경유착 및 부패의 연결고리를 끊으려는 대표적 개혁의 하나로 김영삼 대통령이 전격적으로 단행한 개혁 조치였다. 정치개혁법은 여당 의원들의 반발에도 불구하고 법재정 및 법시행에서도 김영삼 대통령의 의지가 강하게 작용하여 보궐선거와 지방선거에서 깨끗한 선거로 평가 받는 중요한 정치개혁의 시험장이었다. 김대중 정부는 IMF라는 외부적 환경에 힘입어 큰 저항 없이 금융, 기업, 공공, 노동 등의 4개 부분에 대한 경제 구조조정의 개혁을 단행하였다. 정치 개혁법 안은 김영삼 대통령 시절보다는 급격한 발전은 없었지만 개혁의 방법에서 절차성을 강조하여 절차적 민주주의에 대한 성과가 있었다. 노무현 대통령은 기존의 대통령들과는 달리 당정을 분리하고 국정분권을 시도하여 대통령의 막강한 권한을 축소시키려 하였다. 기존 대통령과는 달리 권위주의적 권한 행사에서 탈권 위주의적 권한 행사로 탈바꿈하는 데 중점을 두었다. 이러한 탈권위주의적 행태는 혼란을 야기시키기는 했지만 민주주의를 발전시키는 데 일조를 하게 되었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reform policy of three governments-Kim Young-sam, Kim Dae-jung, and Roh Moo-hyun. For this purpose, this study is to tried to explore the meanings of each president`s governments. And this study also explains the ways of reform and how they executed the leadership for reform policy. The important reform policy of Kim Young-sam`s government was the real-name financial system and political reform Act. The important reform policy of Kim Dse-jung`s government was the economic restructuring and political reform Act. The important reform policy of Roh Moo-hyun`s government was not only separate ruling party and decentralization of national power but also against authoritarianism. All three presidents faced with the resistance of conservative power. Thus, reform policy could not successive but reform policy had contributed to democratic development.

한국대통령 연구의 특징과 발전 방안

김병문(Byung Moon Kim) 한국정부학회 2006 한국행정논집 Vol.18 No.3

조선어학, 혹은 한국어학의 근대성/식민성에 대하여 : ‘언어의 소외’와 ‘본원 축적’이라는 문제 설정을 중심으로

김병문(Kim, Byung-Moon) 부산대학교 인문학연구소 2024 코기토 Vol.- No.102

이 글은 ‘언어의 소외’와 ‘본원 축적’이라는 문제 설정을 통해 조선어학, 혹은 한국어학의 ‘근대성/식민성’을 재검토해 보는 것을 목적으로 한다. ‘언어의 소외’란 언어를 인간의 발화라는 구체적인 맥락으로부터 분리해 내서 마치 그 자체로 존재하는 것처럼 파악하는 근대의 독특한 인식을 말한다. ‘본원 축적’이란 잘 알려진 바와 같이 생산자를 생산수단에서 폭력적으로 분리해 내서 임노동 관계에 편입하는 과정을 통해 자본주의 생산 관계가 비로소 가능해졌다는 정치경제학의 개념이다. 이런 관점을 언어학이라는 담론에 적용해보면, 우선 구체적이고 일상적인 의사소통 행위에서 화자/청자를 분리해 내 랑그의 법칙이 통용되는 ‘균질적 언어공동체’에 편입시키는 것을 통해 근대언어학이 성립할 수 있었다고 해석할 수 있다. 여기서 더 나아가 이 글에서는 근대언어학의 이러한 성격이 읽고 쓰는 능력, 즉 리터러시 문제를 매개로 해서 근대의 사회, 국가, 시장의 ‘본원 축적’과 결합하고 있을 가능성을 제기한다. 이러한 점을 해명하기 위해 구체적인 소리가 아니라 추상적인 소리를 표기의 대상으로 삼는 주시경의 표기법이 갖는 특수성을 검토하고, 1920~30년대의 표기법 통일 운동이 국가 권력에 의한 균질적 보통교육의 장을 강력히 요구하고 있었다는 사실의 의미를 살펴본다. 이러한 작업은 한국어학, 혹은 조선어학의 지적 토대 자체를 비판적으로 성찰하여, 근대성의 수사학을 실현하기 위해 진행된 타자화/식민화의 국면을 확인하는 것을 궁극적인 목적으로 한다. This article aims to reexamine the ‘modernity /coloniality’ within Korean linguistics by focusing on the problems of ‘language alienation’ and ‘primitive accumulation.’ ‘Language alienation’ refers to the unique modern perception that treats language as if it exists independently, separated from the concrete context of human speech. ‘Primitive accumulation,’ a concept rooted in political economy, posits that the establishment of capitalist production relations is made possible through the forceful separation of producers from the means of production and their incorporation into wage labor relations. Applying this perspective to linguistic discourse, it can be interpreted that modern linguistics emerged by separating speakers/listeners from concrete and everyday communication acts, assimilating them into a ‘homogeneous speech community’ governed by Langue’s law. Furthermore, this article suggests that the nature of modern linguistics is intertwined with the “primitive accumulation” of modern society, the state, and the market through the issue of literacy. To clarify this point, the article examines the specificity of Ju-Sigyeong’s orthography, which uses abstract sounds rather than concrete ones, and explores the significance of the fact that the movement for orthography unification in the 1920s and 30s strongly demanded homogeneous common education by the state. This work critically reflects on the intellectual foundations of Korean linguistics, with the ultimate goal of identifying the stages of otherizing and colonialization that led to the realization of the rhetoric of modernity.

개혁의 성패 요인 분석

김병문(Byung Moon Kim) 한국정부학회 2005 한국행정논집 Vol.17 No.4

라이프스타일 유형이 건강기능식품의 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김병문 ( Kim¸ Byung-moon ),허철무 ( Heo¸ Chul-moo ) 한국식품유통학회 2020 食品流通硏究 Vol.37 No.3

This study has performed to identify the factors of lifestyle types which influenced to the purchase intention of health functional food and the mediating effect of product quality and brand image applications between the lifestyle types and purchase intention to activate the setting of marketing strategy and operating of health food-related companies. Based on previous studies, it suggested and verified a study model which the customer's lifestyle types played an independent variable to the dependent variable called purchase intention through the mediating variable called product quality and brand image. To verify this model, it collected materials from 500 males and females living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do and performed multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows. First, ‘health-pursuing’ and ‘reasonable price-pursuing’ type were found to be positively related with purchase intention while ‘convenience-pursuing’ and ‘safety-pursuing’ types were found to be negatively related with it. Second, ‘health-pursuing’, ‘reasonable price-pursuing’ and ‘safety-pursuing’ type were found to be positively related with product quality while ‘convenience-pursuing’ type was found to be negatively related with it. Third, product quality was found to be positively related with brand image and brand image was found to be positively related with purchase intention. Fourth, there is a significant indirect effect between ‘health-pursuing’, ‘safety-pursuing’ and purchase intention when passing through product quality, brand image and product quality at the same time, But indirect effects was insignificant when only brand image is passed. There is a significant indirect effect between ‘reasonable price-pursuing’ and purchase intention when passing through brand image. There is a insignificant indirect effect on all mediators between ‘convenience-pursuing’ and purchase intention. The result of the study is significant in that it clarifies the relation of lifestyle and purchase intention of health functional foods, subsequent studies will require the introduction of other independent variables, models through the introduction of parameters and control variables

근대계몽기 한자 훈독식 표기에 대한 연구

김병문 ( Byung Moon Kim ) 연세대학교 국학연구원 2014 동방학지 Vol.165 No.-

Yi In-jik wrote Hyeoleui Nu (Tears of Blood), Korea`s first new novel, while Yu Gil-jun wrote Daehanmunjeon (Korean Grammar), the first modern grammar book by a Korean author. Both authors seem to have considered carefully how they should write, breaking away from Chinese sentences. Instead, they followed the syntactical structure of the Korean language, engaging in experiments to create distinctly ``Korean`` sentences. One of these exercises was Chinese writing based on Korean reading. Using the Korean language to interpret Chinese characters was as difficult then as it is now. Accordingly, these authors` efforts were regarded as a s imple imitation of the Japanese reading of Kanji (gun`yomi) and, in fact, have never been discussed in depth. The present study suggests that Chinese writing based on Korean reading in early modern Korea was a viable method of creating a consistent composite of Korean and Chinese characters, allowing writing based on Korean syntax. Chinese writing based on Korean reading consisted of distinguishing Chinese sentences and characters and making heavy use of Korean reading of Chinese characters. To write using the s yntactical structure o f Korean and apply Korean and Chinese characters in combination to predicates (such as verbs and adjectives), there would have been no other method than Chinese writing based on Korean reading. Therefore, while it is not certain whether Yu Gil-jun or Yi In-jik ultimately aimed to use hangeul (``Korean characters``) exclusively, it is clear that they were sensitive to the syntactic layers of the Korean language and adopted them a s a standard for a new writing style.