http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
단순진폐증에 대한 흉부 고해상 전산화 단층촬영의 진단적 의의
김경아,김지홍,장황신,안형숙,임영,윤임중,Kim, Kyoung-Ah,Kim, Hi-Hong,Chang, Hwang-Sin,Ahn, Hyeong-Sook,Lim, Young,Yun, Im-Goung 대한예방의학회 1996 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.29 No.3
Early recognition of coalescence in pneumoconiotic lesions is important because such coalescence is associated with the respiratory symptoms and deterioration of lung function. This complicated form of pneumoconiosis also has worse prognosis than does simple pneumoconiosis. High resolution computerized tomography(HRCT) provides significant additional information on the stage of the pneumoconiosis because it easily detects coalescence of nodules and emphysema that may not be apparent on the simple radiograph. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of HRCT in detection of large opacity and the relationship of change between the coalescence of nodules or emphysema and lung function in dust exposed workers. 1. There was good correlation between the HRCT grade of pneumoconiosis and ILO category of profusion. 5(9.09%) in 55 study population had confluent nodule extending eve, two o, more cuts on HRCT. HRCT could identify the pneumoconiotic nodules which was not found by simple radiogrphy in 6 workers with category 0/0. 2. No significant difference was observed coalescence of nodules and emphysema by dust type. 3. There was no significant difference in pulmonary function according to ILO and HRCT classification. 4. HRCT could detect the significant reduction in $FEV_1,\;FEV_1/FVC$, PEFR, $FEF_{25},\;FEF_{50},\;and\;FEF_{75}$ and remarkable increase in RV and TLC in study persons with emphysema compared with non-emphysema group. 5. Emphysema was found more often in nodules-coalescence group than small opacity group by HRCT. We found that HRCT could easily detect areas of coalescence and complicated emphysema compared to plain chest X-ray. Also our data suggest that it is primarily the degree of emphysema rather than the degree of pneumoconiosis that determines the level of pulmonary function.
수열 합성 공정 조건이 티탄산 납의 상 형성에 미치는 영향
김경아,김정석,천채일,Kim, Kyoung-A,Kim, Jeong-Seog,Cheon, Chae-Il 한국세라믹학회 2011 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.48 No.1
Lead titanate ($PbTiO_3$) powder was prepared from lead nitrate ($Pb(NO_3)_2$) and titania ($TiO_2$) by hydrothermal route. Phase formation process was investigated by observing the phases formed in various experimental conditions like different KOH concentration, reaction temperature and time. $PbTiO_3$ powder was fabricated when the KOH concentration was 0.8M or higher. An intermediate compound, $PbTi_{0.8}O_{2.6}$, was formed at first by a reaction between PbO and $TiO_2$ and changed into $PbTiO_3$ powder with a perovskite crystal structure. A $PbTiO_3$ phase was formed in a shorter time when a KOH concentration was increased from 0.8M to 8M because a driving force for a $PbTiO_3$ formation was increased due to an increase in a degree of supersaturation. And $TiO_2$ (rutile) and $3PbO{\cdot}H_2O$ were observed at room temperature in a 0.8M KOH solution and $TiO_2$(rutile) and PbO (litharge) in a 8M KOH. A $PbTiO_3$phase was also formed in a shorter time at a higher reaction temperature as a reaction temperature influenced the rates for a dissolution and a precipitation.
김경아,고광준,Kim, Kyoung-A,Koh, Kwang-Joon 대한영상치의학회 2010 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.40 No.3
Brown tumor is usually diagnosed at the terminal stage of hyperparathyroidism. Diagnosis of this tumor is confirmed by endocrinologic investigations along with clinical and radiographic examination. Radiographical differential diagnosis of this tumor includes central giant cell granuloma, aneurysmal bone cyst, metastatic tumor, multiple myeloma, and Paget disease. This report presents a rare case of multiple brown tumors occurring at the maxilla and mandible, which was initially misdiagnosed as central giant cell granuloma. Plain radiographs demonstrated multiple well-defined multilocular radiolucency. CT images showed soft tissue mass with low attenuated lesions, perforation of the lingual cortical plate, and a heterogeneous mass at the right thyroid lobe. These findings were consistent with parathyroid adenoma. The patient had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase level. Surgical excision of the tumor was performed. No recurrence was observed during a 28-month follow-up.
PM2.5로 자극한 폐상피세포의 $NF{\kappa}B$ 활성화에 NO의 역할
김경아,남혜윤,문제혁,정진숙,임영,Kim, Kyoung-Ah,Nam, Hae-Yun,Mun, Je-Hyeok,Jeong, Jin-Sook,Lim, Young,Kai, Hirofumi 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2002 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.52 No.6
연구배경 : PM2.5는 호흡기질환의 악화 및 호흡기 질환에 의한 사망률과 밀접하게 관계가 있다. PM2.5에 의한 호흡기 염증반응의 악화가 그 원인으로 생각되나 염증반응의 조절기전은 확실하지 않다. 본연구에서는 PM2.5에 의한 폐장의 염증반응을 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 하는 전사인자인 $NF{\kappa}B$의 활성화 기전을 알아보아 염증 조절기전에 대한 이해를 높이고자 시도되었다. 방 법 : 폐상피세포주인 A549 세포에서 PM2.5 자극에 의한 $NF{\kappa}B$의 활성화 및 ROS, 그리고 RNS 분비를 관찰 하였다. iNOS 억제제인 L-NIL가 $NF{\kappa}B$ 활성화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 결 과 : PM2.5는 A549 세포에서 $NF{\kappa}B$의 활성화를 유도 하였다. PM2.5로 A549 세포를 자극시 즉각적인 RNS의 분비는 관찰되었으나 명확한 ROS의 증가는 관찰되지 않았다. RNS 억제제인 L-NIL 처리시 $NF{\kappa}B$ 활성화는 억제되었다. 결 론 : A549 세포에서 PM2.5에 의하여 유도된 즉각적인 $NF{\kappa}B$ 활성화 과정에는 RNS가 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다. Background : The present study was performed to further improve our understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of NFkB, a major transcriptional factor involved in the inflammatory response in the lung, by particulate matter in lung epithelial cells with an aerodynamic diameter of less than $2.5{\mu}m$(PM2.5). Materials and Methods : Immediate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), with the PM2.5 induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), $I{\kappa}B$ degradation and $NF{\kappa}B$-dependent transcriptional activity, in 549 cells, were monitored. Addition, we also examined the effect of the iNOS inhibitor, L-N6-(1-iminoethyl) lysine hydrochloride (L-NIL), on the PM2.5-induced $NF{\kappa}B$ activation in A549 cells. Results : The rapid degradation of $I{\kappa}B$ and the increase of transcriptional activity of the $NF{\kappa}B$-dependent promotor were observed in A549 cells exposed to PM2.5. The immediate production of ROS in response to PM2.5 in A549 cells was not clearly detected, although immediate responses were observed in RAW264.7 cells. A 549 cells, cultured in the presence of PM2.5, produced an increase in NO, which was noticeably significant after 15 min of exposure with the expression of iNOS mRNA. The addition of L-NIL, an iNOS inhibitor, significantly inhibited the PM2.5-induced $I{\kappa}B$ degradation and the increase of the $NF{\kappa}B$-dependent transcriptional activity. Conclusion : These results suggest that PM2.5 stimulates the immediate production of RNS, leading to the activation of $NF{\kappa}B$ in the pulmonary epithelium.
소아물리치료사와 소아작업치료사의 보조공학 활용 수준 및 자신감
김경아,정동훈,Kim, Kyoung-A,Jeong, Dong-Hoon 대한물리치료학회 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Purpose: This study sought to identify the utilization and confidence in assistive technology (AT) for pediatric physical therapists (PPTs) and pediatric occupational therapists (POTs) for the purpose of improving the utilization of AT in clinics. Methods: The subjects of this study were 167 therapists (98 PPTs and 69 POTs) who work at general hospitals, welfare centers, facilities for the disabled, and special education schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The frequency analysis and chi-squared test were used. Results: This study found that both PPTs and POTs recognize that AT benefits infants with disabilities; however, they show low confidence in using AT. Applications of AT are concentrated on wheelchairs for mobility and assistance with seating position, with orthotics/prosthetics for both purposes. POTs were found to use a wider variety of AT devices. While both PPTs and POTs frequently select/recommend devices, both groups are less involved with delivery methods, manufacture of devices, and education on AT use. Conclusion: These findings show the actual conditions of utilization and confidence in AT of PPTs and POTs deeply involved with AT, and emphasize that AT training is essential for pediatric treatment by comparing domestic and foreign studies.
폐암에서 혈중 Cyfra 21-1, SCC 항원 및 CEA의 진단적 유용성
김경아 ( Kyoung Ah Kim ),이미화 ( Me Hwa Lee ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),김선희 ( Seon Hee Kim ),임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),김동순 ( Dong Soon Kim ),김원동 ( Won Dong Kim ),문대혁 ( Dae H 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1995 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.42 No.6
손잡이 너비, 높이, 수평 각도가 손수레 운전에 필요한밀기, 들기, 회전 힘에 미치는 영향
김경아 ( Kyoung Ah Kim ),이호철 ( Ho Cheol Lee ),송영웅 ( Young Woong Song ) 한국안전학회(구-한국산업안전학회) 2011 한국안전학회지 Vol.26 No.1
This study evaluated the effects of the handle width(shoulder width, 1.25×shoulder width, 1.5×shoulder width), height(3 levels : knee, medium, knuckle) and horizontal angle(0°, 10°) on the pushing, lifting, and twisting strengths which were required for carrying single or two wheel barrows. Twelve healthy college students(male) participated in the experiment. In each experimental condition(3×3×2=18), the subjects exerted three forces(pushing, lifting, and twisting clockwise). The experimental conditions and three forces were tested in random order, and a minimum 2 minutes of rest was provided between exertions. Results showed that the mean and maximum pushing forces showed greater values when the horizontal angle was 0° than 10°(p=0.016). However, the three independent variables had no statistically significant effects on the lifting forces(p>0.1). The mean and maximum twisting forces increased as the handle width became larger(p<0.05). Also, there was a marginal effect of the horizontal angle(p=0.065) on the twisting force. From the results of this study, the horizontal angle of 0° and the wider handle width were suggested for the design of single-wheel barrows
대학의 인성기반 교양교육 현황 및 방향모색 : ‘세계시민교육과 리더십’을 중심으로
김경아(Kim, Kyoung A),김수진(Kim, Soo Jin),윤희정(Yun, Hui-Jeong) 다빈치미래교양연구소 2020 교양학연구 Vol.0 No.12
The purpose of this study is to investigate the direction of a general education model based on ‘Global citizenship education and leadership’. For the purpose of collecting information, we organized FGIs in 2020. The FGI was conducted with the expert group of 6 participants from January 20th to May 6th. To extract data of detail and depth, the study implemented three series of focus group interview. The semi-structured interview items were passed through a formal review process of the institutional Ethics Committee(IRB). Furthermore, under the participants’ pre-consents of recording, all recorded data were categorized through transcripts process. The results of the study are as follows. As a result of the study, a total of 9 subcategories were derived from 3 areas of categories, including developing a Character competency based on ‘Global Citizenship Education and Leadership’, ‘construction an education system’, ‘Reinforcing an effective education’. In sum, this research provided that Global Citizenship Education and Leadership is very meaningful education model, which can contribute on reinforcing university student’s positive self-image and capability and mission as a global citizen. In turn, this investigation would lead to a discussion on the implications and possibilities of cultivating future global leaders.
팔, 손가락, 정맥에서 채취한 혈액의 혈당검사결과 비교 분석
김경아(Kim, Kyung-Ah),이인광(Lee, In-Kwang),신은영(Shin, Eun-Young),김양미(Kim, Yang-Mi),김경옥(Kim, Kyoung-Oak),차은종(Cha, Eun-Jong),박경순(Park, Kyung-Soon) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.4
팔부위에서 혈당을 측정하는 것은 모세혈관에서 혈액을 채취하는 동안 느끼는 통증을 줄일 수 있다. 본 연 구에서는 팔부위 혈당검사의 임상적 유효성을 평가하기 위해 팔부위 혈당검사결과를 손가락 및 정맥에서의 혈당검사 결과와 각각 비교하였다. 당뇨환자 61명이 포함된 555명의 피검자를 대상으로 금식 상태에서 휴대형 혈당계로 손가락 과 팔 안쪽 부위에서 혈당검사를 수행하였으며, 1시간 이내에 피검자 514명의 정맥혈액으로 혈당검사를 수행하였다. 측정값들에 대해 선형회귀분석, 급내 상관분석(intraclass correlation), Passing-Bablok 회귀분석 기법으로 다양하게 비교 분석해 보았다. 팔부위 혈당값은 환자군에서 손가락 및 정맥 혈당값과의 상관계수(r)가 0.97(P<0.0001)로 높은 선형관 계를 나타내었으며, 정상군에서도 r값이 약간 작았지만 유사하였다. 채혈 부위에 따른 혈당값의 평균 차이는 두 집단 에서 모두 ±10mg/dL 이내이었다. 급내 상관계수는 r값에 비교하여 약간 작았지만 두 집단이 유사한 수치를 나타내었 다. Passing-Bablok 분석에서 기울기의 95% 신뢰구간과 절편은 각각 <±20%, <±20mg/dL로서 임상 허용범위 이내의 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 세 가지 통계분석 결과 팔부위 혈당값이 손가락과 정맥에서 측정한 혈당값과 충분히 일치함이 입증되었다. 팔부위 혈당검사가 표준방법인 손가락 혈당검사와 높은 일치성을 나타내었으므로 금식 상태에서의 임상적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. Capillary blood sampling on the forearm reduces pain caused by skin puncture. The present study compared the blood glucose test results performed at different sampling sites of the forearm, finger, and vein to evaluate clinical validity of this alternative site blood sampling technique. Subjects numbered 555 including 61 diabetic patients participated to measure the glucose concentration on the finger (GF) and the forearm (GA) with a portable glucometer under overnight fasting state. Then, the venous glucose concentration (GV) was measured in 514 subjects in less than 1 hour. The test results were analyzed by simple linear regression, intraclass correlation, and Passing-Bablok regression techniques. GA was highly correlated with GF or GV showing the correlation coefficients (r) of approximately 0.97 (P<0.0001) in the normal group. The patient group also resulted similarly high correlation with only slightly lower r value. The mean differences in glucose concentration were less than ±10mg/dL regardless of the sampling sites. Intraclass correlation coefficients were slightly smaller than r but very much similar in value in both groups. The 95% confidence intervals of the slope as well as the intercept in the Passing-Bablok regression analysis were <±20% and <±20mg/dL, respectively, which were within the clinically acceptable ranges. These three statistical techniques introduced in the present study well demonstrated the consistency of GA with GF and GV. Therefore, the forearm blood glucose test could be considered as clinically valid under fasting condition. Key Words : Blood glucose test, Alternative blood sampling, Comparative analysis