조선후기 한양 도성 내 토양매개성 기생충 감염 원인에 대한 역사 문헌학적 고찰

기호철(KI Ho Chul),배재훈(BAE Jae Hoon),신동훈(SHIN Dong Hoon) 대한의사학회 2013 醫史學 Vol.22 No.1

In a series of paleo-parasitological investigations, we have been able to obtain invaluable data on parasite infection patterns prevalent among the Joseon (1392-1910) people in Korea. Thus far we have established that the Joseon people were in fact heavily infected by various species of parasites, though precise patterns and exact statuses of infection in specific town and cities have proved elusive. In the present study, relevant historical documentation was obtained and examined, shedding light on some of the operative socio-cultural factors that might have played a role in inducing a high infection prevalence of Ascaris, a soil-transmitted roundworm, in Joseon society. On this evidentiary basis, we could confirm that the recycling of human feces as fertilizer and the habit of eating raw vegetables were both closely related to infection. These factors were sufficient to maintain the life cycle of Ascaris, there by perpetuating a cycle of infection and reinfection among the Joseon inhabitants. Overall, this study demonstrated the value of close medical-scientist / historian interdisciplinary collaboration infacilitating comprehensive and meaningful paleo-parasitological findings and interpretations.

武寧王妃 은팔찌 銘文의 再檢討

기호철(Ki, Ho-chul),배재훈(Bae, Jae-hoon) 한국고대사탐구학회 2014 한국고대사탐구 Vol.17 No.-

1972년에 발굴된 무령왕릉은 왕과 왕비의 합장릉으로, 왕의 오른쪽에 묻힌 왕비가 왼손에 찬 은팔찌 한 쌍에는 똑같은 내용을 담은 글이 17자씩 새겨져 있었다. 발굴보고서에서는 이를 “庚子年二月多利作大夫人分二百?主耳”로 판독하였으며, 앞의 8자를 경자년(520) 2월에 多利가 만들었다고 하였다. 특히 팔찌를 만든 ‘다리’는 일본 法隆寺釋迦三尊像光背명문에 보이는 불상을 만든 ‘止利(とり)’와 상통하며 ‘지리’는 ‘다리’가 속하던 백제의 工匠집안에서 갈려 나왔을 것이라고 하였다. 이후 연구자들은 ‘다리’를 큰 의심 없이 백제의 장인 이름으로 이해하였으며, 연구를 통해 ‘主’는 ‘銖’와 같은 무게의 단위이거나 ‘炷’와 같은 수량의 단위일 것으로 추정하여 대체로 “경자년에 多利가 만들었으며, 大夫人것으로 230主가 사용되었다.”고 풀이하였다. 그러나 은팔찌에 보이는 ‘다리’와 일본의 ‘지리’라는 인물 사이에는 100년 이상 연대 차이가 있는 데다가, 渡來人지리의 선대를 살펴보아도 지리나 다리를 인명에 사용한 예가 없었다. 시공을 무시하고 단지 양자의 음이 비슷하다는 이유로, 이를 이름으로 추정한 것은 온당하지 않다. 게다가 ‘?’으로 보았던 것은 ‘世’로 보아야 하고, ‘分’으로 읽은 글자는 두 팔찌에 새겨진 글자가 사뭇 달라 ‘兮’, ‘於’, ‘永’ 등으로도 읽을 수 있었다. 이에 따라 전체적인 문장을 다시 대입하여 분석하고 삼국시대 木簡등을 살펴 “庚子年二月. 多利作大夫人, 永二百世主耳.”로 읽고 문장을 분절하여야 한다는 점을 확인하였다. 무령왕비를 ‘다리작 대부인’으로 일컬었다고 보아야 하며, ‘永二’의 ‘二’를 疊字부호 ‘ ’로 보아 ‘永永’이라고 보았다. 그리하여 이를 “경자년 2월에 만들었다. 다리작 대부인이 영원토록 백세의 소유주이실 뿐입니다.”라고 번역할 수 있었으며, 이는 팔찌의 주인 무령왕비를 祝壽하는 것이라는 점을 알 수 있었다. The same seventeen characters were inscribed on a pair of sliver bracelets worn on the left hand of the Queen buried on the right side of the King in the Tomb of King Muryeong, which were discovered in 1971. According to the excavation reports at that time, the full characters were read as “Kyung Ja Nyeun Yi Wael Da Ri Jak Dae Bu In Bun Yi Baek Sab Ju Yi (庚子年二月多利作大夫人分二百?主耳)”. The former eight characters were translated into the bracelet was produced (作) by Dari (多利) in February (二月) of the Year of Kyungja (庚子年, 520 CE). Particularly, the person ‘Dari’ believed as the producer of the bracelets was considered to have something in common with ‘Jiri’ (止利: とり) whose characters were inscribed as the producer on the back of the Buddha Triad statue (釋迦三尊像) in Horyu-ji (法隆寺) in Japan. It has been assumed that Jiri was descended from the family of artisan during Baekje period which Dari belonged to. Due to the translation based on the excavation reports, the Dari has been understood undoubtedly as the name of an artisan in Baekje. It was also translated by subsequent studies that ‘Ju (主)’ should mean either a unit of weight equivalent to ‘Su (銖)’ or a unit of quantity equivalent to ‘Ju (炷)’. Consequently, overall meaning of the seventeen characters has been translated into “The bracelet was produced by Dari in the year of Kyungja, owned by Daebuin and made from 230 Ju (主) of sliver.” However, there is over one hundred years time discrepancy between ‘Dari’ written on the bracelets and ‘Jiri’ from Japan. Furthermore according to the study into the predecessors of ‘Toraijin (渡來人)’ Jiri, neither Jiri nor Dari had been used ever for a name of person. It could be fallible therefore to explore a person’s identity merely with a name pronounced similarly neglecting space-time. Additionally, it seems to be more reasonable that ‘Sab (?)’ should be read as ‘Sae (世)’. Since the character understood as ‘Bun (分)’ is considerably different from the carved character on the bracelets, it could be read as either ‘Hae (兮)’, ‘Oh (於)’ or ‘Young (永)’. Based on the analyses of the full sentence employing ancient documentary records ‘Inscribed Wooden Slip (木簡)’ in the period of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, it is suggested that the seventeen characters should be deciphered and articulated as “Kyung Ja Nyun Yi Wal. Da Ri Jak Dae Bu In, Young Young Baek Sae Ju Yi. [庚子年二月. 多利作大夫人, 永百世主耳.]”. Hence, it is considered that the Queen of Muryeong seems to be addressed as ‘Darijak Daebuin’. ‘Youngyoung (永)’ should be Youngyi (永二)’ because the ‘Yi (二)’ can be considered as the symbol standing for reiterative. Consequently, the full seventeen characters should be translated into “The bracelet was produced in February of the year Kyungja. Darijak Daebuin is the owener of Baek Sae forever, which may imply pray for the live long of the Queen of Muryeong.

개선된 유한요소모델을 이용한 고강성/저진동 자수기 빔바디 설계

기호철(Ki, HO Cheol),박성환(Park, Sung Hwan),서종철(Seo, Jong Cheol) 한국소음진동공학회 2010 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

고속절단기의 진동ㆍ소음 저감 연구

기호철(Ho-Cheol Ki),박주표(Ju-Pyo Park),차원준(Won-Jun Cha),최연선(Yeon-Sun Choi) 한국소음진동공학회 2003 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.5

철도차량 외부소음 저감을 위한 사이드스커트의 소음 저감효과 확인 방법에 대한 검토

기호철(Ho-cheol Ki) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

주행중인 철도차량의 외부소음의 저감을 위해서는 대차 부위에서 발생하는 소음의 크기 자체를 저감하거나 대차부위에서 외부공간으로의 전파를 차단시키는 방법이 있다. 사이드 스커트는 대차부위에서 발생하는 소음의 전파를 차단 시키는 방법으로 차량 주행중 외부소음 저감을 위한 가장 효율적인 방법이다. 그러나 실제 소음저감의 효과를 확인하기 위해서는 차량제작 후 스커트 적용 전과 후의 외부소음 측정을 통한 검증이 가장 확실한 방법이나 설계단계에서 효과를 미리 검증하기는 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 대차부위의 소음원을 차륜/선로 소음, 견인전동기 소음, 구동기어 소음으로 구분하고 각 소음원 위치에서 소음을 임으로 발생시켜 각 소음원 위치별로 사이드스커트의 삽입손실을 측정하고 최종적으로 각 소음원을 모두 포함했을 경우의 외부소음에 대한 사이드스커트의 삽입손실을 측정 하는 방법을 제안 하고자 한다. When the railway vehicle is running, the exterior noise is dominated by the sound strength of the of the bogie. The bogie noise consists of the noise emitted by the traction motor, driving gear and the rolling noise by the contact between the rail and the wheel. There are two methods to reduce the exterior noise during traveling of rolling stock, reducing the noise source or blocking the propagation pass of noise from the bogie. Side skirt is more effective to reduce the exterior noise as blocking the propagation pass of noise from the bogie. It is more exact to compare the noise level between with side skirt and without side skirt when rail way vehicle is running. But it is hard to validate and predict the effect of the noise reduction in design step. This paper suggests the indirect method to measure the total sound transmission loss of side skirt by measuring the each sound transmission of side skirt when white noise is emitted from the each source locations.

≪시경(詩經)≫에 나오는 식물명 "저(樗)"의 실체와 한글 번역

신현철 ( Shin Hyun-chur ),기호철 ( Ki Ho-chul ),홍승직 ( Hong Seung-jic ) 중국어문연구회 2016 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.75

Chinese letter Chu were twice cited as the plant name in Shijing. Chu had been interpreted as the useless tree or the heaven tree (Ailanthus altissima) recently. To understand Shijing and translate Chu from Chinese into Korean properly, the taxonomic identity of Chinese letter Chu should be verified. From the case study, we have concluded as follows; 1) The Chinese letter Chu had been considered as the useless tree without any botanical characters in Zhuangzi, however from the Post Han, as the heaven tree having the resins in stem, strong smells in leaf, ring porous wood and used as the habitate of spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) in China. Therefore, Chu in Shijing should be understood as the useless tree, not the heaven tree. 2) The heaven tree is not native plants in Korea, and when this plant was introduced is not known. Chu cited in the Korean literature at Kingdom of Joseon was not the heaven tree. Chu related to King Taejo was confirmed as the birch tree, and included in the post Joseon was the heaven tree. 3) Chu in Shijing should be translated into Korean as ‘bad tree’ or ‘useless tree’, not the heaven tree.

음향 카메라를 이용한 축소형 철도차량 소음특성 연구

이승일(S. I. Lee),기호철(H. C. Ki),김보성(B. S. Kim),송문석(B. S. Kim) 한국도시철도학회 2014 한국도시철도학회논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Driving on the track of a railway vehicle running noise and peripheral devices can be distinguished by the behavior of the noise, and speed 200 km/h below the railway vehicle"s main source of noise driving the friction that occurs between wheel and rail is the noise. In this study, the friction of railway vehicle in order to measure the noise sound using the acoustic camera to track the position of driving the generation of noise sources, and that the cause was investigated. As a result, an increase in speed up, were found to increase the friction noise. In addition, the noise source and the acoustic camera was able to measure its size.

세종의 흠경각 건립 의미와 옥루의 구조

윤용현(Yun, Yong-hyun),기호철(Ki, Ho-chul) 한국고전번역원 2017 民族文化 Vol.49 No.-

1438년 1월 경복궁 천추전 서쪽에 장영실이 제작한 옥루를 설치한 흠경각이 완성되었다. 세종은 우승지 김돈에게 흠경각 건립의 과정과 그곳에 설치한 옥루를 설명하는 「흠경각기」를 짓도록 하였는데, 이것이 『세종실록』에 실려 전한다. 그간 이것만으로 흠경각에 대한 구조를 연구하고 그 복원을 모색하여 왔으나, 『동문선』, 『신증동국여지승람』, 『어제궁궐지』 등에도 이 기문이 실려 전한다. 이것들을 대조하였더니 『세종실록』에 수록된 「흠경각기」에 잘못된 글자들이 있었다. 이를 바로잡으니, 그간 겉으로 드러나 작동하는 시보장치가 4단으로 이루어진 자동물시계가 아니라 5단이었다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 그 내부 구조도 수정되어야 할 것이다. 흠경각은 이미 완성된 보루각의 자동물시계와 경복궁 후원 簡儀臺의 천문 의기가 멀리 떨어져 있어 시시때때로 편리하게 관측하기 어려워 이를 해결하려는 목적으로 만든 자동으로 작동하는 천문시계인 옥루를 설치했던 건물이었다. 흠경각 옥루는 자동물시계에 태양 운행 장치를 결합하여 대단히 작고 정밀하게 만든 것으로, 時 · 更 · 點을 모두 청각과 시각으로 확인할 수 있도록 만든 것이었다. 그와 더불어 欹器를 설치하고 《빈풍도》를 벌려 놓아서 天道의 차고 이지러지는 이치를 보고 백성이 농사짓는 어려움을 볼 수 있게 하였는데, 이는 조선의 창안이었다. 이런 흠경각의 설치는 세종이 추구한 7년에 걸친 대규모 천문의기 제작 사업이 완성되었다는 선포였으며, 하늘을 본받고, 시의에 순응하며, 공경하는 뜻을 극진히 하고, 백성을 사랑하고, 농사를 중히 여기는 인후한 덕에서 비롯한 것이라고 천명한 기념물이었다. On Jan 1438 (Year 20 of King Sejong’s reign), Heumgyeonggak was constructed by the Chosŏn Dynasty. The building was exclusively dedicated to the Ong-nu, the automatic water clock that was invented by Chang yŏng-shil. Concerning the event, it is well known that the detailed description is still common in the Annals of Chosŏn Dynasty. According to the record, King Sejong ordered Kim Don, the royal secretariat, to write the “Heumgyeonggakgi in which the process of the building construction and the specific explanation of the Ong-nu clock were described. So far, it was only this book that scholars considered while making a hypothesis about the structure of the automatic water clock. Contrary to what is generally known, there are also the concerned records in Tongmunsŏn(『東文選』), Shinjŭngdonggukyŏjisŭngnam(『新增東國輿地勝覽』), Ŏjegunggwŏlchi(『御製宮闕志』). As a result of comparing the newly reviewed documents with the existing Heumgyonggakgi record, we confirmed that there were some mistakes in the latter. After fixing this error, we know that the water clock was made of a quintupled stage, not a quadrupled stage. As this is clearly different from the believed doctrines about the Ong-nu, this study revealed its structure should be modified. Until the Heumgyeonggak was built, the automatic water clock and astronomical instruments were set in different buildings, making them uncomfortable to use. To solve this difficulty, King Sejong ordered installation of the Ong-nu that combines astronomical instrument functions on the water clock in the Heumgyeonggak The Ong-nu clock was small but very precise. As the current time was reported by the alarm, the people were able to check it n ot only with t heir e yes, b ut also by t heir e ars. I t was f urther a lso accompanied by a number of facilities and paintings reminiscent of Confucian teachings. By seeing the movement of the Ong-nu, the Chosŏn King identified that the season had changed and tried not to forget how hard the people farmed throughout the year. The construction of Heumgyonggak and the invention of the Chosŏn people was such a declaration that a great project for making water clock and astronomical instruments independently was finally completed after seven years of their effort. It was a monument that encouraged the King to always respect the will of the Heaven, love his people and not to forget the importance of farming forever.

기존선 구간에서의 KTX 차량 진동 및 소음 측정 결과

최강윤(Choe Kangyoun),기호철(Ki Ho-Cheol),김상영(Kim Sang-Young),이진헌(Lee Jin-Heon) 한국철도학회 2003 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

Since May 2003, On-line test to validate the interface between electrified conventional track, rolling stock, power supply and signalling system. Main test items are the suitability of the system such as vibration of the rolling stock, noise, current collection, track and signal system. In this article, part of the vibration and noise related test results are introduced such as the vibration of the carbody and bogie, running stability, jerk, interior noise of the passenger car and driver"s cabin.

유니텍스 구조의 차음성능 향상기술 개발

변준호,이중혁,김석현,이재준,기호철,Byeon, Jun-Ho,Lee, Joong-Hyeok,Kim, Seockhyun,Lee, Jae-Joon,Ki, Ho-Cheol 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 논문집. Transactions of the KSME. C, 산업기술과 혁신 Vol.4 No.2

유니텍스는 높은 강도과 우수한 단열성, 긴 수명 및 간편한 시공에 따른 저렴한 제작비 때문에 대부분의 도시철도 차량의 바닥 구조로 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 여러 가지 우수성에도 불구하고, 이 구조는 차량 적층재에서 중요한 차음성능 측면에서는 여전히 문제점을 갖고 있다. 기존 제품은 중량대비 차음성능의 척도인 질량법칙 투과손실치에 비해 현저히 낮은 투과손실을 보인다. 최근 차량 제작사와 시공사는 차음성능을 높이기 위하여 많은 노력을 시도하여왔으나 큰 효과가 없었다. 이에 본 산학협동 연구에서는 기존 제품 대비 5dB 이상 차음성능을 향상시키는 것을 목표로, 적층재의 구조개선 방안을 도출하고 개선효과를 실험적으로 검증한다. Unitex is widely used for the floor structure of urban railway vehicles because it shows good structural safety and heat insulation, has long life, and lowers the cost owing to easy installation. However, in spite of these merits, Unitex has a limit to the sound insulation performance, which is very important in vehicle structure. It shows a sound transmission loss considerably lower than the mass law value, which indicates the sound insulation performance per unit weight. Recently, railway vehicle manufacturers and Unitex supplier have tried to improve the sound insulation performance of Unitex, but meaningful results have not been achieved yet. Through the industry-university collaborative research, we propose structural improvement methods to increase the sound transmission loss by more than 5dB and we then verify the effect by performing experiments.