Design and Application of Two-Stage Performance Measurement System Considering Dynamic Capabilities

Sun-Man Kwon(권순만),Chang Hee Han(한창희) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2018 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.41 No.2

The dynamic capabilities of sensing market signals, creating new opportunities and reconfiguring resources and capabilities to new opportunities in a rapidly changing economic environment determines the competitiveness of the enterprise to create added value and survival. This study conceptualized a two-stage performance measurement framework based on the casual model of resource (input)-process-performance (output). We have developed a ‘Process capability index’ that reflect the dynamic capabilities factors as a key intermediary product linking resource inputs and performance outputs in enterprise performance measurement. The process capability index consists of four elements : manpower (level of human resource), operation productivity, structure and risk management. The DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model was applied to the developed performance indicators to analyze the branch office performance of a telecom company. Process capability efficiency (stage 1) uses resource inputs to reach a certain level of process capabilities. In performance result efficiency (stage 2), the process capabilities are used to generate sales revenues and subscribers. The two-stage DEA model derives intermediate output values that optimize the individual stages simultaneously. Some branch offices in the telecom company have focused on process capability efficiency or some other branch offices focused on performance result efficiency. Positioning map using two-stage efficiency decomposition and benchmarking can help identify the sources of inefficiencies and visualize strategic directions for performance optimization. Applications of two-stage DEA in conjunction with the case study that are meaningfully used in performance measurement areas have been scarce. In particular, this paper has the contribution to present a new performance measurement model considering the organization theory, the dynamic capabilities.

온풍 조건에서 수분 탈락 정도에 따른 피부 분류 및 개선 방안에 대한 연구

권오선 ( Oh Sun Kwon ),강현종 ( Hyun Jong Kang ),한승민 ( Seung Min Han ),윤지선 ( Ji S Eon Yoon ),조웅희 ( Woong Hee Cho ),오주영 ( Joo Young Oh ),임준만 ( Jun Man Lim ),송영숙 ( Young Sook Song ),박선규 ( Sun Gyoo Park ) 대한화장품학회 2020 대한화장품학회지 Vol.46 No.2

피부를 탄력있고 부드럽게 하는 역할은 각질층에 존재하는 수분량에 의해 좌우된다. 피부 수분량은 냉온풍, 건조환경 등 다양한 환경 변화에 의해 영향을 받음이 알려져 있으나, 개인 피부 차이에 따른 피부수분량 변화와 회복 정도에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어 지지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 온풍 조건하에서 피시험자들의 피부 수분 탈락 및 회복 정도를 비교 평가하여 새로운 피부 타입을 제시하고, 온풍 조건에서 저하되는 피부 수분량을 개선 시켜주는 효능 물질을 개발하고자 하였다. 온풍 환경 조성을 위해, 건강한 피험자(남: 10 명, 여: 39 명, 25 세 - 63 세)의 전완부에 온풍(30 cm, 40 ℃, 6 m/s)을 30 min 간 피부에 노출시켜, 피부 수분량의 변화를 평가하였다. 26명(남: 4 명, 여: 22 명, 평균 연령: 42.7 ± 9.4)이 온풍 노출전에 비하여 온풍 노출 후 수분량이 유의하게 감소하며, 노출 후 30 min이 지나도 회복이 되지 않았다. 온풍노출 후 수분량이 떨어지는 피험자(여: 10 명)를 대상으로 보수력이 높은 크림을 3 주간 전완부에 적용한 이후 동일 온풍 조건하에서 피부 수분량을 측정한 결과, 노출 30 min 후 피부 수분량이 온풍 노출 전 수준으로 회복됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 피부는 건조 조건에서 쉽게 수분을 잃어버리는 피부(탈수형 피부)가 존재하는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 앞으로 화장품 개발을 보습 기능뿐만 아니라, 이러한 환경변화에 따른 피부수분이 쉽게 빠져나가는 피부(탈수형 피부)의 특성에 맞는 제품의 효능 개발이 필요함을 보여준다. Elasticity and softness of the skin depend on the level of moisture present in the stratum corneum, which is known to be affected by various environmental changes, such as cold and hot winds and dry environments. However, not many studies have been conducted on changes in skin moisture and the degree of recovery due to individual skin differences. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of warm air heating on skin hydration levels and develop moisturizing formulas to improve lowered skin hydration levels. In order to deliver warm air heating condition, heating dryer (40 ℃, 6 m/s, 30 cm apart from forearm) was applied into inner forearm of healthy subjects (male: 10, female: 39, age: 25 - 63) Among 49 subjects, 26 subjects showed significantly lowered skin hydration levels until 30 min after warm air heating exposure (lowered group). In addition, moisturizing cream with high water holding capacity was applied to forearm of 10 subjects in lowered group for 3 weeks and skin hydration levels after warm air heating were significantly improved at the levels of before application of warm air heating. From this study, we found out that there is a skin type that skin hydration levels are significantly decreased under warm air heating condition (dehydrated skin) and this dehydrated skin can be improved by moisturizing formulas with high water holding capacity.

Evaluating Performance of Telecommunication Branch : Application of DEA with Non-Discretionary Factor

Sun-Man Kwon(권순만),Chang Hee Han(한창희) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2017 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.40 No.4

Improving efficiency of the telecommunication is crucial to the development and growth of Korean economy. Recently, it has become important with the huge development of information technology and its greater potential for extensive impact on the rest of the economy. Hence, it is useful to determine the factors that help enhance efficiency in telecommunication and consider them in improving the evaluation model. This study applies DEA (data envelopment analysis) to evaluate the relative efficiency of 51 branches of a Korean telecommunication company. Using the super-efficiency approach, we tested outliers which may affect the results and ranked the efficient branches. A method of deriving key variables applied to business operation is proposed to identify the key performance indicators for evaluation that takes environmental (non-discretionary) factors into account. We used the extended CCR model proposed by Banker and Morey to investigate the influence of non-discretionary factor. The information provided by the model (slacks, weights) and the sensitivity analysis shows that the most important indicator that affects the branch performance is operating cost. The results of sensitivity analysis show that average efficient score decreases from 0.972 (base case) to 0.863 for CASE2-COST. The average score of the data proves the priority of operating cost over other indicators. The effect of environmental (non-discretionary) variable was found to be significant. The population effect was positive and improved overall efficiency by 0.91% on average. Non-discretionary factor plays a meaningful role explaining the performance of branches. The performance optimization report can help a manager of an inefficient branch to develop branch strategies. Managers can identify the top-performing units, study best practices and adopt the strategy to the organization.

정보유출이 기업가치에 미치는 효과분석

권순만(Sun Man Kwon),한창희(Chang Hee Han) 한국전자거래학회 2016 한국전자거래학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 정보유출에 따른 주가반응을 측정함으로 정보유출이 기업가치에 주는 효과를 분석한다. 정보유출기업은 사건발생 2일 이내에 평균 1.3%의 시장가치를 상실하여 98.9백만원의 손실액이 추산된다. 우리는 원천, 유형, 크기 등 다양한 정보유출 유형에 대한 비정상수익율을 분석하였다. 시장은 외부원천의 정보유출에 유의미한 반응을 하지 않지만, 내부원천의 정보유출에는 통계적으로 유의미한 반응을 보였다. 우리는 60일간의 장기 비정상수익율을 추정 하였다. 60일 평균 누적비정상수익율과 매입보유 비정상수익율 모두 유의미한 시장반응을 보인다. 이로써 우리는 정보유출사건 이후 일관된 시장반응이 있다고 결말지을 수 있다. IT기업과 비IT기업의 시장반응 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하다. 그러나 유출규모, 기업크기, 발생시점 등은 유의미한 시장반응을 보이지 않는다. This paper analyzes the impact of information breach on shareholder value by measuring the stock price reaction associated with the announcements of data breach. The breach firms in the sample lost, on average, 1.3% of their market value, amounting to 98.9 million won of loss within two-day of the event period after the announcement. We examine the abnormal returns in various categories (i.e., source, type, size, etc.) of information breach. Although the market does not react significantly to the announcements of outside breach, we find statistically significant market reactions to inside breach. We estimate abnormal returns over the following 60 days. The mean 60-day cumulative abnormal return and BHAR (buy-and-hold abnormal returns) are both significantly far from zero. We conclude that there is a coherent market reaction following the announcement. The difference between the market reactions to IT firms and Non-IT firms is statistically significant. But breach amount, firm size, and the year the breach occurred do not show to be significant variables.

블록 경계 영역 특성을 이용한 블록 부호화 영상에서의 양자화 잡음 제거

권기구,양만석,마진석,임성호,임동선,Kwon Kee-Koo,Yang Man-Seok,Ma Jin-Suk,Im Sung-Ho,Lim Dong-Sun 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.12 No.3

본 논문에서는 블록 기반으로 부호화된 영상에 대하여 블록 경계 영역 특성에 따른 적응적 필터링을 이용한 양자화 잡음 제거 알고리즘을 제안하였다 제안한 방법에서는 블록 경계에 인접한 네 개 화소들의 통계적 특성을 이용하여 각 블록 경계 영역을 평탄 부영역(smooth sub-region)과 복잡 부영역(complex sub-region)으로 분류한 후, 인접 블록간 영역 특성을 이용하여 서로 다른 블록간 필터링을 수행한다. 먼저 인접 블록 모두 평탄 부영역인 경우에는 평탄 블록 경계 영역 중 블록화 현상이 발생하지 않은 영역도 존재하기 때문에 계산량을 줄이기 위하여 평탄 영역 중 블록화 현상이 발생한 영역만을 검출하여 필터링을 수행한다. 그리고, 두 부영역이 서로 다른 부영역인 경우에 대하여서는 기존의 방법들과는 달리 실제 에지 성분을 보존하면서 블록화 현상과 에지 주위에서 발생하는 링잉 현상을 동시에 제거하기 위하여 인접 블록의 영역 특성에 따라 적응적으로 일차원 필터링을 수행한다. 두 부영역이 모두 복잡 부영역일 경우에는 블록화 현상을 제거하면서 실제 에지를 보존하기 위하여 블록화 강도 및 양자화 파라미터에 따라 블록 경계 영역의 두 화소에 대하여 필터링을 수행한다. 모의실험 결과를 통하여 제안한 방법이 객관적 화질 및 주관적 화질 측면에서 기존의 방법보다 그 성능이 우수함을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a novel post-filtering algorithm with low computational complexity that improves the visual quality of decoded images using block boundary classification and simple adaptive filter (SAF). At first, each block boundary is classified into smooth or complex sub-region. And for smooth-smooth sub-regions, the existence of blocking artifacts is determined using blocky strength. And simple adaptive filtering is processed in each block boundary area. The proposed method processes adaptively, that is, a nonlinear 1-D 8-tap filter is applied to smooth-smooth sub-regions with blocking artifacts, and for smooth-complex or complex-smooth sub-regions, a nonlinear 1-D variant filter is applied to block boundary pixels so as to reduce the blocking and ringing artifacts. And for complex-complex sub-regions, a nonlinear 1-D 2-tap filter is only applied to adjust two block boundary pixels so as to preserve the image details. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm produced better results than those of conventional algorithms both subjective and objective viewpoints.

직렬 공진 컨버터를 이용한 Single-stage 배터리 충전기 설계

권순만(Sun Man Gwon),유광민(Kwang Min Yoo),이병권(Byung Kwon Lee),김승주(Seoung Joo Kim),최승원(Seung Won Choi),배정환(Jung Hwan Bae),이준영(Jun Young Lee) 전력전자학회 2013 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.7

의료기관의 정보보안 수준 측정을 위한 평가모형 개발

안선주 ( Sun Ju Ahn ),권순만 ( Soon Man Kwon ) 한국병원경영학회 2005 병원경영학회지 Vol.10 No.4

텔레매틱스 단말 S / W 플랫폼 연구

양만석(Man seok Yang),권기구(Kee Koo Kwon),박태준,임성호(Sung Ho Im),임동선(Dong Sun Lim) 한국통신학회 2004 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.2004 No.12

미니어쳐 핀셔에서 신경증상을 동반한 폐션암

강민수,권효정,박미선,윤화영,한만길,김대용,Kang, Min-Soo,Kwon, Hyo-Jung,Park, Mi-Sun,Youn, Hwa-Young,Han, Man-Gil,Kim, Dae-Yong 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

A 13-year-old female Miniature Pincher was euthanized after suffering from respiratory insufficiency and seizure. At necropsy, firm tan masses approsimately 4 to 5 cm in diameter were noted at the right caudal love and left cranial lobe of the lung. On cross sections of the cerebellum and the verebrum, several compressive firm round masses, 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter, were noted. similar looking nodules were also present in the mediastinal lymph nodes. Histopathologically, the neoplastic masses consisted of cuboidal shape epithelial cells that form glandular structure. The neoplastic cells have hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli and moderate amount of cytoplasm. The degree of mitosis was high (4-6/400X). Multiple areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and tumor emboli were also noted. Metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes, pancreas, and brain was confirmed. Based on the gross and histopathologic examinations, a diagnosis of primary metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma was made. Clinicaly recognized neurological signs were therefore due to brain metastasis.

1997년 경상남도 중부지방에서 유행한 무균성 뇌막염의 임상적 고찰

박선영,권오수,김원엽,정원조,마상혁,김상기,남성진,조성래,구본천,이규만,Park, Sun Young,Kwon, Oh Su,Kim, Won Youb,Jung, Won Jo,Ma, Sang Hyouk,Kim, Sang Ki,Nam, Sung Jin,Jo, Sung Rae,Gu, Bon Chun,Lee, Kyu Man 대한소아감염학회 1998 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.5 No.1

목 적 : 장바이러스는 무균성 뇌막염의 가장 흔한 원인으로 알려져 있으며 1993년과 1996년에 국내에서 유행하였던 무균성 뇌막염은 주로 echovirus type 9에 의한 것이었다. 무균성 뇌막염의 유행시 원인 바이러스를 밝혀내는 일은 진단뿐 아니라 역학적인 의미에서도 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 1997년도에 마산 지역을 포함하는 경상남도 중부지역에서 유행하였던 무균성 뇌막염 환자를 대상으로 원인 바이러스를 규명하고 임상증상과의 관계를 추구하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 3월부터 10월까지 마산 파티마병원에 무균성 뇌막염으로 진단된 환자 239명(소아 213명, 성인 26명)에서 채취한 검체(뇌척수액 128례, 대변 239례)를 대상으로 바이러스 배양과 enterovirus RNA 검출을 시행하였다. 배양된 바이러스는 면역형광법을 이용하여 동정하였고 장바이러스 RNA는 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)을 이용하여 확인하였다. 결 과 : 1) 환자의 발생시기는 3월부터 10월까지였으며 6월에 가장 많은 환자의 분포를 보였다. 2) 대상 환자 239명(소아과 213명, 내과 26명)의 연령별 분포를 보면 소아환자의 평균연령은 4.9세로 신생아에서부터 15세에 이르기까지 다양하게 분포하였고 16세이상 내과 병동에 입원하였던 환자는 평균 연령이 24.2세로 16세에서 35세까지의 연령 분포를 보였다. 3) 환자에서 바이러스 분리는 뇌척수액 128례중 53례(41.4%), 대변에서는 239례중 163례(68.2%)에서 분리가 되었다. 4) 분리된 바이러스의 결과를 보면 뇌척수액에서는 echovirus type30이 16례(30.2%), echovirus type 6이 6례(11.3%), echovirus type 4가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 echovirus가 4례, coxsackievirus type B5가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 enterovirus가 24례 이었다. 한편 대변에서는 echovirus type30이 72례(44.2%), echovirus type 6이 21례(12.9%), echovirus type 4가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 echovirus가 17례(10.4%), coxsackievirus type B5가 1례, A24가 2례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 coxsackievirus type B가 3례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 enterovirus가 46례였다. 결 론 : 1997년 3월부터 10월까지 경상남도 중부지방에서 무균성 뇌막염의 유행이 있었으며 원인 바이러스는 echovirus type 30이 주된 원인 바이러스이었고 그 외에 echovirus type 4, 6, coxsackievirus B5, coxsackievirus A24에 의한 무균성 뇌막염의 산발적인 발생이 있었다. Purpose : Enteroviruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis. The epidemics of aseptic meningitis in 1993 and 1996 were mostly caused by echovirus type 9. Identification of the causative virus of aseptic meningitis in epidemics, is very important not only for diagnosis but also for epidemiologic purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the causative virus and investigate the relationship between aseptic meningitis, prevailed in Masan and surrounding areas in Kyoungsangnamdo in 1997, and its clinical manifestations. Methods : One hundred twenty eight cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) and 239 stool specimens were obtained from 239 patients(213 children and 26 adult patients) with aseptic meningitis were admitted to Masan Fatima Hospitals from March to October 1997. Viral isolation and serotype identification was performed by cell culture and immunofluorescent test. Enteroviruses not typed by immunofluorescent test was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results : 1) The peak incidence was noted in June. 2) The age of 239 patients(pediatrics-213 cases, internal medicine-26 cases) that were diagnosed ranged from neonate to 35 years, the age of the patients of pediatrics ranged from neonate to 15years(mean 4.9 years), the age of the patients of internal medicine (above 16 years) ranged from 16 years to 35 years(mean 24.2 years). 3) Fifty-three(41.4%) of 128 CSF specimens were positive for enteroviruses, and 163(68.2%) of 239 stool specimens were positive for enteroviruses respectively. 4) Serotypes of 53 enteroviruses isolated from CSF were 16(30.2%) of echovirus type 30, 6(11.3%) of echovirus type 6, 1 of echovirus type 4, 4 of untyped echovirus, 1 of coxsackievirus type B5, and 24 isolates of untyped enteroviruses. Of 163 enterovirus isolated from stool were 72(44.2%) of echovirus type 30, 21(12.9%) of echovirus type 6, 1 of echovirus type 4, 17(10.4%) of undetermined subtyped echovirus, 1 of coxsackievirus type B5, 2 of A24, 3 of undetermined subtyped coxsackievirus type B, and 46 isolates of untyped enterovirus. Conclusion : There were epidemics of aseptic meningitis in the central areas of Kyoungsangnamdo from March to October 1997. The main causative organism was thought to be the echovirus type 30, and echovirus type 4, 6, coxsackievirus B5 and A24 were also thought to contribute to the epidemics.