고사리 (Pteridium aquilinum) Ethanol 추출액(抽出液)에 의한 혈압강하작용(血壓降下作用)

고상돈,김기순,Koh, Sang-Don,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1984 대한생리학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The death of cattle from acute bracken poisoning has been recognized for many years. Acute bracken poisoning is characterized by mucoidal nasal and anal hemorrhage, severe anorexia. pyrexia, gastric ulcer and myocardial damage. In 1958 Evans first suggested that clinical picture of bracken poisoning was very much similar to that of radiation injuries such as aplastic anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and increased capillary fragility. Bracken has been clearly demonstrated to contain a carcinogen as well as thiaminase. However, the nature of carcinogen in bracken has not definetely elucidated. Also it was warned by several workers that bracken could be a causative factor for stomach cancer in Korean and Japanese. It appears that little is known on the e(feet of bracken on the function of cardiovascular system. Therefore the present study was designed to explore effects of ethanol extract of raw and toiled bracken (RBEE:BBEE) on blood pressure in cats. Also studied was the mechanism underlying changed in blood pressure of cats by bracken. The result obtained were as follows; 1) Mean arterial blood pressure was invariably decreased following administration of either RBEE or BBEE. Tn general depressor responses to RBEE persisted longer than that to BBEE. Generally, depressor responses were proportional to debases of RBEE and BBEE administered. 2) After administration of 60 mg/kg RBEB and BBEE, blood Pressure decreased by $62.1{\pm}1.7mmHg$ and $68.0{\pm}3.0mmHg$, respectively. No change was observed between depressor responses to RBEE and that to BBEE. 3) Depressor responses to BBEE and RBEE were not affected by vagotomy, propranolol and regitine. 4) In atropinized animal depressor responses to BBEE and RBEE were reduced by 30-40% showing part of depressor response was resulted from cholinergic effect of bracken.

Nicotine에 의한 자발성고혈압백서(自發性高血壓白鼠)의 혈장 Cholesterol 농도의 변동

류호충,고상돈,신홍기,김기순,Yoo, Ho-Choong,Koh, Sang-Don,Shin, Hong-Kee,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The present study was undertaken to find out fasting total plasma cholesterol levels of SHR at different phases(labile, established and malignant) in the course of hypertension development and also to investigate effect of nicotine on plasma cholesterol levels of these animals. In nicotine administered group, 2.18 mg/kg nicotine was given daily for six weeks. The results obtained are as follows; 1) Mean total plasma cholesterol levels of SHR at labile, established and malignant phases were $104.6{\pm}3.1\;mg/dl$, $120.8{\pm}2.6\;mg/dl$ and $136.6{\pm}2.5\;mg/dl$ respectively. The total plasma cholesterol level generally increased with age of experimental animals. 2) After administration of nicotine (2.18 mg/kg/day) for six weeks, mean total plasma cholesterol levels of SHR at labile, established and malignant phases were $130.2{\pm}3.1\;mg/dl$, $150.4{\pm}3.3\;mg/dl$ and $166.6{\pm}3.2\;mg/dl$, respectively. The result of present study strongly suggests that nicotine has a positive relationship with plasma cholesterol levels in SHR.

Clonidine이 고양이 척수후각세포의 Activity에 미치는 효과

지용철,김진혁,고상돈,신홍기,김기순,Chi, Yong-Chul,Kim, Jin-Hyuk,Koh, Sang-Don,Shin, Hong-Kee,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1988 대한생리학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Effect of clonidine on the dorsal horn cell responses to mechanical stimulations were studies in 3 spinalized cats and 10 cats with intact spinal cord. The type of dorsal horn cells was determined according to their response patterns to four graded mechanical stimulations (brush, pressure, pinch and squeeze) applied to the respective receptive fields. In the present study the results obtained only from the wide dynamic range (WDR) cells were included. The responses of the WDR cells to noxious mechanical stimuli were selectively suppressed following intravenous administration of clonidine into the experimental animals. The clonidine-induced changes in responses of the WDR cells to mechanical stimulation were not affected by naloxone or propranolol whereas effect of clonidine on WDR cell responses was almost completely abolished after intravenous administration of yohimbine. Also in the spinalized cats results parallel to those observed in cats with intact spinal cord were obtained. The results of present study strongly implies that analgesic action of clonidine can be mediated through excitation of ${\alpha}_{2}-adrenoceptor$ even at the spinal cord level without supraspinal mechanism.

Glycine에 의한 가토심방근 및 동방결절세포의 활동전압의 변동

최경훈,김진혁,고상돈,신흥기,김기순,Choe, Kyung-Hoon,Kim, Jin-Hyuk,Koh, Sang-Don,Shin, Hong-Kee,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1988 대한생리학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The effect of glycine, structurally the most simple amino acid was investigated on the electrophysiological characteristics of the isolated superfused atrial muscle and sinus node cells of the rabbit heart. Superfusion of the sinus node cell with glycine solution (3, 5 and 8 mM) produced concentration-dependent increments of OS (overshoot potential) and MDP (maximum diastolic potential). Generally action potential amplitude increased as a result of greater increment of OS than that of MDP. The changes in action potential of the sinus node cell peaked in $7{\sim}10{\;}minutes$ after onset of superfusioin. On the contrary to the response to intravenously administered glycine, the rate of spontaneous firing of sinus node cell was invariably increased following superfusion with glycine. Action potential duration manifested as $APD_{60}$ (time to 60% repolarization) was significantly shortened by glycine. And the electrophysiological effects of glycine on the atrial muscle cell were similar to that on the sinus node cells. The results of present study suggest that glycine can exert direct effects on the atrial muscle and sinus node cells of the rabbit heart.

Clonidine의 굴근반사(屈筋反射) 억제작용(抑制作用)

권상옥(Kwon, Sang-Ok),고상돈(Koh, Sang-Don),신홍기(Shin, Hong-Kee),김기순(Kim, Kee-Soon) 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Effect of intravenously injected clonidine on the flexion reflex was studied in 15 decerebrated and spinalized cats. The flexion reflex was elicited by electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve or the common peroneal nerve and it was recorded as single unit activity from filaments of the L6 or L7 ventral roots. In order to obtain the late flexion reflex discharges, Aδ and C afferent fibers were stimulated with single or train electrical pulses respectively. The flexion reflex, especially the late component, was markedly inhibited after intravenous administration of clonidine. The clonidine-induced inhibition of the flexion reflex was compared before and after treatment of the animals respectively with yohimbine and naloxone. The inhibitory effect on the flexion reflex of clonidine was not altered by naloxone, a μ-opioid receptor blocker, whereas it was completely blocked by yohimbine, an α₂-adrenergic antagonist. These results indicate that clonidine inhibits the flexion reflex through excitation of α₂-adrenoceptors even at the spinal cord level.

자발성(自發性) 고혈압백서(高血壓白鼠)에서 고추(Capsici fructus)의 장기투여(長期投與)가 혈액상(血液像) 및 혈압(血壓)에 미치는 영향(影響)

최시현(Choi, Shi-Hyun),고상돈(Koh, Sang-Don),신홍기(Shin, Hong-Kee),김기순(Kim, Kee-Soon) 대한생리학회 1983 대한생리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The present study was undertaken to investigate effect of feeding hot pepper on the blood pressure and blood figures in SHR. Also studied were effect of hot pepper on plasma electrolyte concentration as well as blood sugar level. Twentytwo SHR at age of 15 weeks were divided into control and CF administered group. And in experimental group hot pepper (1 gm/kg/day) was administered into stomach of each animal by gastric intubation for 8 weeks. The results obtained are as follows: 1) On a day before starting experiment blood pressure(systolic) of the control and CF group were respectively 196.7±4.7 mmHg and 197.4±3.9 mmHg while it changed to 207.4±4.8 mmHg and 227.5±4.2 mmHg respectively on the last day of experiment. Comparing blood pressures of two groups a significant, though not remarkable, difference was observed. 2) No significant differences in blood figures(RBC, WBC, Hct, and Hb level), concentration of plasma electrolytes(Na⁺ and K⁺)and blood sugar level were found between control and experimental group.

Rehmanniae Radix에 의한 가토 동방결절 및 유두근의 활동전압의 변동

황보상(Hwang, Bo-Sang),고상돈(Koh, Sang-Don),신홍기(Shin, Hong-Kee),김기순(Kim, Kee-Soon) 대한생리학회 1985 대한생리학회지 Vol.19 No.2

The present study was undertaken in order to investigate effect of ethanol extract of Rehmanniae radix(RREE) on electrophysiology of sinus node and papillary muscle. Rehmanniae radix is a herbal medicine which has been known to have diuretic, antipyretic, hemopoietic and cardiotonic effects. Action potentials were recorded by means of glass capillary microelectrode(technique) in rabbit sinoatrial nodal cells and papillary muscle cells which were superperfused with either tyrode solution or tyrode solutions containing different amount of RREE. The results obtained were as follows ; 1) In both central and peripheral nodal cells maximum diastolic potential (MDP) and amplitude of action potential (APA) were not affected by RREE. 2) Action potential duration as expressed APD₆₀(time to 60% repolarization) of central and peripheral pacemaker cells were significantly prolonged following perfusion with tyrode solution containing 0.1% RREE. 3) The rates of spontaneous firing from central pecemaker cell were decreased by RREE at concentration of 0.05% and 0. 1% while spontaneous rhythm of perinodal cell was decreased by 0.1% RREE. 4) The action potential duration of papillary muscle as expressed APD₆₀ were prolonged by 0.1% RREE.

암모니아가 가토심방근 및 동방결절세포의 활동전압에 미치는 효과

조용수,강석한,김진혁,고상돈,김기순,Cho, Yong-Soo,Kang, Sok-Han,Kim, Jin-Hyuk,Koh, Sang-Don,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Electrophysiological effects of ammonia was studied in the isolated superfused sinus node and atrial muscle cells of the rabbit heart. No significant changes were observed in the overshoot potential (05), maximum diastolic potential (MDP), and action potential amplitude (APA) of the sinus node cells following superfusion with 3.0 mM ammonia, fifty times upper limit of the normal human plasma level. However the action potential duration (APD) of sinus node cells were significantly prolonged after superfusion with 0.6 mM ammonia for 20 min or with 1.2 and 3.0 mM ammonia for 5 minutes. Ammonia in all the concentrations tested decreased the rate of spontaneous firing (RSF) from the sinus node cells. After superfusion of sinus node cells with 0.3 mM ammonia for 20 min, the RSF significantly decreased from 20 min to 25 min after onset of superfusion while a significant decrement in the RSF was observed from 7 min to 30 min following superfusion with 3.0 mM ammonia for S min. On the other hand, the effects of ammonia on the action potential of the rabbit atrial muscle cell were much similar to those on pacemaker cells except that the atrial cell was generally less sensitive to ammonia. The results suggest that ammonia may cause changes in the action potential of the rabbit cardiac cells by the direct action, and that the cardiac effects of ammonia are generally opposite to those of glycine.

Acetaldehyde 및 Nicotine에 의한 가토심장 동방결절세포의 활동전압의 변동

김기순,김진혁,강석한,고상돈 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.2

Acetaldehyde, a metabolite of ethanol has not only been implicated as a contributory factor that cause alcoholic cardiomyopathies but also has been shown to have significant cardiovascular effects. The suggestion has also been made that acetaldehyde has more pronounced effect on the cardiovascular system than ethanol. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that alcoholism is associated with heavy smoking thereby increasing the risk of developing various ailments. Also nicotine has been known to influence the cardiovascular functions profoundly. In the present study, changes in the intracellular action potential were investigated in the sinoatrial node cells of the rabbit heart for 45 minutes following superfusion with Tyrode solutions containing acetaldehyde and/or nicotine. Superfusion of the sinus node cells with acetaldehyde (0.01%-0.1%) resulted in a concentration dependent reduction of action potential amplitude(APA). At the high dosage level (0.1%) changes in APA peaked at 10 minutes and APA was restored to the control level in 45 minutes after onset of superfusion. And Vmax(maximum rate of depolarization) of the sinus node cell was also decreased by acetaldehyde. The rate of spontaneous firing (RSF) of the sinus node cells was markedly decreased by acetaldehyde (0.05%-0.1%), but the action potential duration manifested as ??(time to 60% repolarizaton) was not alatered. On the other hand, nicotine (0.05%) increased APA, prolonged ?? and significantly decreased RSF of the sinus node cells. The maximal changes in APA and ?? were produced at 10 minutes while that in RSF at 7 minutes after onset of superfusion. Following simultaneous superfusion with acetaldehyde and nicotine, APA and RSF of the sinus node cells decreased prominently whereas a transient, small but significant prolongation of ?? was followed by a transient shortening. When the sinus node cells were superfused with acetaldehydee and nicotine simultaneously, it apperared that effects of two drugs on APA were exerted in additive fashion while that of nicotine of RSF was partially antagonized by acetaldeyde.

Tricyclic antidepressants가 고양이 척수후각세포의 통각정보전달에 미치는 효과

고상돈,정수영,신홍기,김기순 한양대학교 의과대학 1992 한양의대 학술지 Vol.12 No.1

To investigate effects of tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs) on the processing of the afferent inputs at the spinal cord level, the responses of wide dynamic range(WDR) cells to mechanical stimulation of the receptive field and to electrical stimulation of the isolated afferent nerve were recorded in the normal cats as well as in the spinalized animals. As an effort to elucidate the mechanism of action of TCA, effects of amitriptyline(AMIT), desipramine(DESI) and clomipramine(CLOM) were observed in the animals treated with naloxone(1mg/kg), cyprogeptadine(2mg/kg) nad yohimbine(100㎍/kg). All the TCAs tested invariably ingibited the responses of WDR cells to mechanical or electrical stimulations. After intravenous administration of CLOM(7mg/kg) and DESI(6mg/kg). the responses to pinch and C-fiber stimulation, and ingibitory effects of these drugs lasted for more than 90 min. AMIT(6mg/kg) elicited only a small but significant ingibition of WDR cell responses to pinch and C-fiber stimulation, and these depressed responses were gradually restored almost to the control level in 60 min after durg administration. TCAs directly applied to the spinal cord did not show any significant influence on the activities of the WDR cells. On the other hand, inhibitory effects of TCAs on all the responses of WDR cells were almost completely abolished in the spinal animals. Following intravenous administration of naloxone or cyproheptadine, ingibitory effect of CLOM was partially blocked. Effect of DESI was completely antagonized by naloxone and partially by yohimbine. These findings suggest that TCA-induced ingibition of WDR cell responses is mediated through the endogenous opioid and monoaminergic descending ingibitory control system.