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고미경 ( Ko Mi-kyeong ),배명훈 ( Bae Myeong-hun ),김영식 ( Kim Young-sik ) 국제문화&예술학회 2023 국제문화예술 Vol.4 No.2
연구목적: 본 연구는 초등학교 교사의 놀이체육수업이 어떻게 전개되고 있는지 심도 있게 살펴보고, 놀이체육에 대한 교사들의 인식은 무엇인지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 이 연구를 위해 초등학교에서 놀이체육을 활용하고 있는 현직 교사 7명을 연구 참여자로 선정하여 질적 연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주된 자료 수집은 심층면담을 통해 이루어졌으며 연구 참여자별로 2∼4회에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 또한 수업 지도안, 수업 일지, 학생 편지 등의 문서 수집을 통해 면담 자료의 구체성을 더하였다. 연구결과: 초등교사의 놀이체육 활용 유형은 사전 준비 없이도 쉽게 할 수 있는 체육수업으로써의 ‘즉흥적 수업’, 학생들의 흥미를 우선으로 하여 내용을 선정하는 ‘유희 중심 수업’, 학급 운영 및 수업 관리 계획의 한 방법으로 활용하는 ‘보상용 수업’ 세가지 유형으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 놀이체육수업에 대한 초등교사의 인식은 ‘초등체육의 새 흐름’과 ‘또 다른 아나공 수업’으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구는 놀이 중심으로 운영되는 초등학교 체육수업 모습을 생생하게 제공함으로써 초등학교 체육수업이 직면한 상황을 구체적으로 드러내고 초등체육의 발전을 위한 시사점을 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다. Purpose: This study was intended to examine in depth how elementary school teachers’ drama physical education classes are developing, and to find out how teachers’ perceptions of play physical education are. Methods: Qualitative study was conducted by selecting 8 incumbent teachers who are using play sports in elementary school as research participants. The main data collection in this study was conducted through in-depth interviews, which were conducted 2 to 4 times for each research participant. In addition, the specificity of the interview data was added by collecting documents such as class guidance plans, class diaries, and student letters. Result: First, the use of play sports by elementary school teachers is ‘improvisation class’, which is a physical education class that can be easily performed without prior preparation, ‘play-centered class’, which prioritizes students’ interest in content selection, class operation and class management plan. Second, elementary school teachers’ perceptions of play physical education classes appeared as ‘a new trend in elementary physical education’ and ‘another anagong class’. Elementary school teachers recognize play sports as an alternative in the midst of a vacuum in educational content, reduced opportunities for physical education classes, and the demands of the play-centered era. In addition, on the one hand, it was analyzed that the critical perception that play physical education classes foster students who think of physical education as play and teachers who do not study physical education is mixed. Conclusion: This study is meaningful in that it provides vividly the appearance of elementary school physical education classes operated centering on play, thereby revealing the situation faced by elementary physical education classes in detail and providing implications for the development of elementary physical education.
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Expression of Bcl-2 Family in 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide-Induced Tongue Carcinogenesis of the Rat
최재욱,정성수,이금숙,김병국,김재형,국은별,장미선,고미경,정권,최홍란,김옥준,Choi, Jae-Wook,Chung, Sung-Su,Lee, Geum-Sug,Kim, Byung-Gook,Kim, Jae-Hyeong,Kook, Eun-Byul,Jang, Mi-Sun,Ko, Mi-Kyeong,Jung, Kwon,Choi, Hong-Ran,Kim, Ok-Joon Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2005 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.30 No.3
The number of patients with tongue carcinoma is increasing rapidly among young individuals in many parts of the world. Oral carcinoma progresses from hyperplastic lesion through dysplasia to invasive carcinoma and the concept of "field cancerization" with molecular alteration has been suggested for oral cavity carcinogenesis. Significant improvement in treatment and prognosis will depend on more detailed understanding of the multi-step process leading to cancer development. To induce tongue carcinoma in rat by 4-NQO, each drinking water was made to 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm and control (only D.W. without 4-NQO). Specimens were classified into 4 groups such as control, I (mild & moderate dysplasia), II (severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ), III (carcinoma). The mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 family were evaluated by RT-PCR technique. For anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, mRNA expression of Bcl-w was down-regulated in all stages of tongue carcinogenesis model. However, mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated. For pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, all members were down-regulated in all stages of tongue carcinogenesis model except for Bad mRNA in group III. In terms of BH3 only protein, mRNA expressions of Bok and Mcl-1 were down regulated in all stages of specimen, but Bmf in group II and BBC3 in group III were up-regulated. Our current findings demonstrated the involvements of mRNA expression of Bcl-2 family in multi-step tongue carcinogensis. This highlights the necessity for continued efforts to discover suitable biomakers (Bcl-2 family) for early diagnosis of the disease, and to understand its pathogenesis as a first step in improving methods of treatment. The discovery of these potential biomarkers and molecular targets for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics has the potential to significantly change the clinical approach and outcome of the disease.
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