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벌금형과 보호관찰의 쟁점 : 전자감독제도의 성과분석 및 발전방안
강호성 ( Ho Sung Kang ) 한국형사정책학회 2014 刑事政策 Vol.26 No.3
Electronic monitoring(EM) was initially used as an alternative to overcrowding prison populations in the United States and other advanced countries. Currently, the use of electronic monitoring has expanded to supervise serious criminals including sex offenders. On the other hand, electronic monitoring system was introduced as a special measure to protect the public from sex offenders in Korea, where the problems of overcrowding prison populations are relatively less serious. On the basis of positive results until now, the application of electronic monitoring has expanded to include crime of homicide and robbery. Since electronic monitoring system was adopted on September, 2008, the rate of committing new sex crimes by sex offenders was declined to 1.67%, about one ninth of previous recidivism rate. As a result, electronic monitoring system is positively evaluated as an effective crime control measure. But, a recent series of new crimes committed by EM offenders are raising a question about the effectiveness of the electronic monitoring. Although the current electronic monitoring system indicates the whereabouts and movement route of offenders, it does not show what the offenders are doing. Hence, the study is in process to adopt ‘the intelligent electronic monitoring system’ to be able to detect offender`s criminal signs in advance. The most important factor to suppress offender`s new crime might be the dedicated effort of probation officers for it. Therefore, it is required that the responsible probation officers for EM offenders supervise them with sincerity. For this, it needs to increase the number of probation officers with efforts to enhance their specialization.
인체 혈구암세포 U937에서 해양해면동물에서 추출된 Pectenotoxin-2에 의한 Apoptosis의 유발에 관한 연구
신동역,강호성,배송자,정지형,최영현,Shin, Dong Yeok,Kang, Ho Sung,Bae, Song-Ja,Jung, Jee H.,Choi, Yung Hyun 한국해양바이오학회 2006 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.1 No.2
본 연구에서는 U937 인체 백혈병 세포의 증식에 미치는 PTX-2의 영향을 조사한 결과, PTX-2의 처리에 따라 U937 세포는 처리 농도 및 처리 시간 의존적으로 심한 형태적 변형과 함께 증식이 억제되었다. 이러한 PTX-2 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 증식억제는 apoptosis 유발과 관련이 있었으며, 이를 DAPI staining에 의한 apoptotic body 형성, flow cytometry를 이용한 sub-G1 세포 빈도의 정량적 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 이러한 PTX-2 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 apoptosis 유발은 Bcl-2 family에 속하는 anti-apoptotic 인자인 Bcl-$X_L$의 발현 감소 및 IAPs family에 속하는 유전자들의 선택적 발현 감소와 연관성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과들은 인체 암세포에서 PTX-2의 항암작용을 이해하는데 중요한 자료가 될 것이고 나아가 PTX-2을 포함한 그와 유사한 항암제 후보물질들의 연구에 있어서 기초 자료로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Natural product compounds are the source of numerous therapeutic agents. The marine environment produces natural products from a variety of structural classes exhibiting activity against numerous disease targets including anticancer agents. Among these, pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2), which was first identified as a cytotoxic entity in marine sponges, which depolymerizes actin filaments, was found to be highly effective and more potent to activate an intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in p53-deficient tumor cells compared to those with functional p53 both in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-proliferative mechanism of the compound at non-cytotoxic concentrations has not yet been explored. In the current study, we sought to investigate anti-proliferation and apoptosis of PTX-2 against U937 human leukemic cells and its underlying molecular mechanism. Exposure of U937 cells to PTX-2 resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay, fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometric analysis. The anti-proliferative effect of PTX-2 was associated with a marked increase in the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase p21 (WAF1/CIP1) mRNA which was tumor suppressor p53-independent. The increase in apoptosis was connected with a time-dependent down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) family such as XIAP and cIAP-2. Though additional studies are needed, these findings suggested that PTX-2-induced inhibition of U937 cells was associated with the induction of apoptotic cell death and the results provided important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of PTX-2.
계배 흉근세포의 Myogenesis 에 있어서 염화수은이 단백질합성에 미치는 영향
하재청,김병기,김한도,강호성,김정락 ( Jae Chung Hah,Byeong Gee Kim,Han Do Kim,Ho Sung Kang,Chong Rak Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1993 BMB Reports Vol.26 No.1
Mercuric chloride at the concentration of 5 ppm did not cause any significant morphological alteration except slightly low fusion index in the differentiation of myoblasts of chicken breast muscle tissue. However, it gave some influences in the patterns of protein synthesis during the formation of myotubes. The concentrations of all four major proteins in the cytosolic fraction increased along with the culture age. Among the proteins, 46 kDa protein, which was actin, was the most prominent one and sharply increased as the myotube formation was apparent. However, the increase of protein could not be detected in the culture treated with HgCl₂. In the membrane fraction, protein of 200 kDa, which was myosin, only showed an increase during myogenesis. However, myosin was not found in the presence of mercury, could not be detected in untreated cytosolic fraction, suggesting peripheral distribution of myosin during the cell fusion in the early stage of myogenesis. The increases of myosin in membrane fraction and actin in cytosolic fraction indicate that contractile proteins are presumable associated with cell membrane, and that membrane fusion is an important event during myogenesis.