생활체육대회 참가 노인들의 신체적 라이프스타일

강형길(Hyoung Kil Kang),황진(Jin Hwang) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2016 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.40 No.2

This study aimed to understand physically active lifestyle among the elderly in Korea. For the purpose, International Physical Activity Questionnaires were administered to 395 participants in a recreational tournament in Korea. Using SPSS 18.0, frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, and bivariate correlation analysis were conducted. This study found that gender does not play a significant role in physically active lifestyle among the elderly in Korea, but employment status influences physically active lifestyle among the Korean elderly. This study also found that age, education, income, and the number of family members do not associate with physically active lifestyle among the Korean elderly. The Korean older adults’ physically active lifestyle have not been fully addressed in the leisure literature, and further research endeavor is needed in the future. Conceptual and practical implications of this study are presented in the discussion section.

대학생의 신체 여가활동에서의 여가태도, 즐거움, 몰입경험에 대한 분석모형

강형길(Hyoung-Kil Kang),조희태(Hee-Tae Cho) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2014 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The aims of this study were to understand the relationships between Leisure Attitude (LA), enjoyment, and flow and to test a conceptual psychological map in the order LA, enjoyment, and flow. Findings indicate that affective LA, positively influences all the subsets of enjoyment and flow, and cognitive LA positively relates to achievement enjoyment. Behavioral LA shows no significant relationship to any subsets of enjoyment, and flow. A general level of enjoyment is influenced by affective LA. Flow is positively influenced by all the subsets of enjoyment. SEM shows acceptable and mediocre model fit indices and indicates a possible causal relationship from LA, enjoyment, and flow. Theoretical, practical, and future implications are presented.

The Role of Time Perspectives in Leisure Involvement and Attitudes

강형길(Hyoung Kil Kang),임진선(Jin Sun Lim),조희태(Hee Tae Cho) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2014 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Time perspectives have been known to guide people’s perceptions and allocations of time across many contexts. However, very little published research has explored relationships between time perspectives and leisure attitudes and enduring involvement once people have decided their leisure activity choices. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationships from time perspectives to leisure attitudes and enduring involvement to understand how time perspectives influence people’s leisure experiences. Two-steps cluster analyses and multiple regression analyses revealed that future time perspective showed a significant positive relationship to sign/attraction enduring involvement. No significant relationship was found between future time perspective and leisure attitude variables. Present fatalistic time perspective showed negative relationships to cognitive/affective leisure attitude, risk probability enduring involvement, and risk consequence enduring involvement. Past positive time perspective showed positive relationships to all the variables except for risk probability enduring involvement. Past negative/present hedonistic time perspective showed a positive relationship to sign attraction enduring involvement and a negative relationship to risk probability enduring involvement. Findings were discussed in light of individualized leisure service programming and early leisure education.

Mediation Analysis with Multicategorical Independent Variables: Types of Physical Activity, Enduring Involvement, and Flow

강형길(Hyoung Kil Kang) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2015 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.39 No.3

The purposes of this study were to demonstrate a mediation analysis of multicategorical independent variables and to examine whether different levels of enduring involvement and flow were observed according to different types of physical activity. Seven hundred eighty five self-administered questionnaires were used for data analyses. Exploratory factor analyses, item reliability tests, analysis of variance, Gabriel post hoc tests, a mediation analysis of multicategorical independent variables were conducted using SPSS 18.0. Findings indicated that group PA participants experienced higher levels of enduring involvement and flow, compared to individual PA and racquet PA participants. Enduring involvement was found to be a partial mediating variable between types of physical activity and flow. The findings of this study indicated that group PA can be a best recommendation for those who are about to start participating in leisure time physical activity. Theoretical and practical implications were provided in the discussion section, as well as limitations and future research suggestions.

한국형 청소년 놀이성 척도의 타당성 검증

강형길(Kang, Hyoung-Kil) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2021 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.45 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the validity of Korean version of adolescent playfulness questionnaire. For the purpose 1886 adolescents completed questionnaires measuring playfulness, openness, and extroversion. After omitting 77 irregular responses, 1809 completed questionnaires were used for descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlational analysis, and validity examinations. After exploratory factor analysis, 5 factors 20 items of Korean version of adolescent playfulness items changed to 4 factors 17 items. After confirmatory factor analysis, 4 factors 17 items of Korean version of adolescent playfulness items changed to 4 factors 15 items. The 4 factors 15 items of Korean version of adolescent playfulness items were validated for content validity, criterion validity, convergent validity, and construct validity. This study is the first study to examine the validity of Korean version of adolescent, and in the discussion section. practical and conceptual implications are provided.

여고생의 체육수업 기본심리욕구와 긍정적 여가라이프스타일 간의 관계

강형길(Kang Hyoung-kil),조희태(Cho Heetae) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2018 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.42 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify relationships among basic psychological needs satisfaction in physical education class, physical activity leisure attitude, and positive leisure lifestyle based on self-determination theory. Data were collected from 600 female secondary school students using a convenience sampling method. This study conducted a data screening procedure to exclude incomplete questionnaires and outliers, and as a result, 543 questionnaires were used for the data analysis. The basic psychological needs satisfaction had positive effects on physical activity leisure attitude and positive leisure lifestyle. In addition, physical activity leisure attitude played a partial mediating role in the relationship between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and positive leisure lifestyle. This study emphasizes the importance of physical education by understanding the impacts of the basic psychological needs satisfaction on leisure and life. This study also demonstrates that leisure education can be carried on through physical education classes.

여고생의 여가태도, 신체활동 관련 사회환경적 요인, 여가라이프스타일 간의 관계

강형길(Kang Hyoung-kil),신석민(Shin Seok Min) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2017 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.41 No.2

The goal of this study was to understand the relationships of Leisure Attitudes(LA), Physical Activity Social Environmental Variables(PASEV), and leisure lifestyles. For the purpose, 1066 questionnaires were collected from female high school students, and descriptive analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. The results showed that sub-variables of PASEV were intercorrelated, which supports the notion of social ecological model. Results also showed that LA and PASEV positively influenced resonable plan leisure lifestyle, sensory pursue leisure lifestyle, and relationship-centered leisure lifestyle while LA and PASEV negatively influenced indifferent leisure lifestyle and work-centered leisure lifestyle. These results indicated that it is important to nurture positive LA and to provide quality PASEV to help female high school students to have positive leisure lifestyles. Practical and theoretical implications are also provided in the discussion section.

국내청소년의 외향성, 놀이성, 체육수업기본심리가 학교행복감에 미치는 영향: 여가라이프스타일의 매개효과 분석

강형길(Kang, Hyoung-Kil),이은순(Lee, Eunsoon) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2020 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.44 No.4

We investigated the influences of extraversion, playfulness, and the basic needs in physical activities class on school happiness. In these relationships, we further examined the mediating roles of leisure lifestyles. A sample of 1886 adolescents in Pusan, Kyungnam, and Daegu areas completed the questionnaires. This study used 1809 responses for the final analyses, omitting irregular 77 responses. Findings of this study is as follows. First extraversion positively affected school happiness. Second, regarding playfulness, emotional fluidity and emotional spontaneity positively affected school happiness, whereas physical spontaneity negatively affected school happiness. Third, regarding the basic needs, relatedness and competence positively affected school happiness. Fourth, regarding leisure lifestyle, planned leisure lifestyle, work-oriented leisure lifestyle, and family-oriented leisure lifestyle positively affected school happiness. Fifth, results of mediation analyses by PROCESS macro showed that the planned and family-oriented leisure lifestyles partially mediated the relationships between extraversion and playfulness and school happiness. That is, extraversion and two factors of playfulness, basic needs had direct effects on school happiness among adolescents, and this tendency was strengthened when adolescents had planned and family-oriented leisure lifestyles. The findings highlight the importance of leisure and family to improve well-beings of Korean adolescents.

초등학생의 체육수업 기본심리욕구가 학교행복감과 신체적 라이프스타일에 미치는 영향

강형길(Hyoung-Kil Kang),조진호(Jin-Ho Cho) 한국콘텐츠학회 2018 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.18 No.10

본 연구의 목적은 초등학생의 체육수업 기본심리욕구 충족정도가 학교행복감과 신체적 라이프스타일에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 I 도시, 5개 초등학교 300명의 초등학생에게 설문지가 배부되었다. 불성실하게 응답한 설문지 22부를 제외한 총 278부의 설문지가 자료분석에 사용되었다. 자료분석을 위해 기술분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석이 사용되었다. 상관관계분석 결과, 체육수업 기본심리욕구의 유능감과 관계성은 중·고강도 신체활동 및 학교행복감의 모든 하위변인들과 정적인 상관관계를 나타냈다. 다중회귀분석결과, 기본심리욕구의 유능감은 자기존중감과 교사관계 학교행복감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 중·고강도 신체활동에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 기본심리욕구의 관계성은 학교행복감의 모든 하위요인에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 체육수업 기본심리욕구의 충족은 학교행복감의 중요한 요소이며, 신체적으로 적극적인 학생으로 이끄는 중요한 심리기전으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구를 통해 초등학교 체육수업의 가치가 더욱 부각되기를 바란다. The purpose of this study is to examine how basic psychological needs of elementary school physical education classes influence school happiness and physically active lifestyles. Questionnaires were distributed to 300 elementary schoolers in five elementary schools in I city. After excluding 22 incomplete questionnaires, a total of 278 questionnaires were used for data analysis. For data analysis, descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used. Correlation analysis revealed that the competence and relatedness of basic psychological needs are positively correlated with all the subsets of school happiness and moderate-vigorous physical activity. Multiple regression showed that the competence of basic psychological needs positively predicted self-respect and relationships with teachers of school happiness and also predicted moderate-vigorous physical activity. Multiple regression also showed that the relatedness of basic psychological needs positively predicted all the subsets of school happiness. The findings indicate the importance of basic psychological needs in physical education classes on school happiness and physically active lifestyles. Thorough this research, it is hoped that the values of physical education classes in elementary schools increase.

중학생 신체활동의 영역별,강도별 수준 및 신체적 자기효능감과의 관계

강형길 ( Hyoung Kil Kang ),이규일 ( Gyu Il Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 체육과학연구 Vol.26 No.4

Recent studies focus on Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) to measure levels of and areas of peoples’ physically active lifestyle because MET more readily translate peoples ’subjectively perceived physicality into standardized scores. MET also allows researchers to clearly understand the relationships between peoples’ physicality and psychological variables. Thus, the purpose of this study was to understand the levels of and areas of MET among Korean middle school students and to analyze the relationships between MET scores and physical self-efficacy. A total of 278 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis, descriptive analyses, and regression analyses indicated that middle school students’ physically active lifestyle occurred in the order school, leisure, housework, and transportation areas. Female students did more physical activity in the areas of housework and transportation, compared to male students. In contrary, male students did the majority of physical activity in the areas of school and leisure. Physical self-efficacy affected students’ MET scores, especially for vigorous intensity activity. With regard to gender differences, physical self-efficacy affected male students’ MET scores in the area of leisure while female students’ MET scores were affected in the areas of school and housework. The results were discussed in light of methodological and pedagogical perspectives, and future research suggestions were provided in the discussion. 최근 국외 연구들은 삶의 영역을 구분하여 신체활동량을 측정하고, Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) 같은 표준화된 지수로 환원 하는 방안에 주목하고 있다. 이를 통해 주관적으로 인지된 신체활동을 객관적으로 비교하고, 심리변인과의 관계파악을 명확히 하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 접근법을 사용한 국내 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중학생의 영역별 강도별 신체활동을 MET 지수로 측정하였고, 신체적 자기효능 감과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 총 278개의 설문지가 SPSS 18.0을 사용한 자료 분석에 사용되었으며, 탐색적 요인분석, 기술분석, 회귀분석이 활용되었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 남녀 중학생의 영역별 신체활동 비중은 학교영역, 여가영역, 교통영역, 집안일 영역 순으로 나타났다. 남녀를 비교하였을 때, 여학생은 남학생에 비해 집안일 영역과 교통영역의 비중이 높았고, 남학생은 학교영역과 여가영역의 비중이 높았다. 남녀를 통틀어 신체적 자기효능감은 교통영역을 제외한 전 영역에 있어 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 특히 고강도 활동에 있어 보다 명확한 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 신체적 자기효능감은 여학생의 학교영역과 집안일 영역, 남학생의 여가영역에서 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 학술적 및 현장 지향적 시사점을 논의하였으며, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.