에탄올 훈증처리한 3D 프린팅 PVB 출력물의 기계적 특성

강은영,임지호,최승곤,문종욱,이유경,이선곤,정대용,Kang, Eun-Young,Lim, Ji-Ho,Choi, Seunggon,Mun, Jong Wook,Lee, Yu Kyung,Lee, Sun Kon,Jeong, Dae-Yong 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.7

FDM 3D printing structures have rough surfaces and require post-treatment to improve the properties. Fumigation is a representative technique for removing surface unevenness. Surface treatment by fumigation proceeds by dissolving the surface of the protruding structure using a vaporized solvent. In this study, 3D printed PVB outputs are surface-treated with ethyl-alcohol fumigation. As the fumigation time increases, the surface flattens as ethanol dissolves the mountains on the surface of PVB and the surface valleys are filled with dissolved PVB. Through the fumigation process, the mechanical strength tends to decrease, and deformation rate increases. Ethanol vapor permeates into PVB, widening the distance between chains and resulting in weak bonding strength between chains. In order to confirm the effect of fumigation only, an annealing process is performed at 80 ℃ for 1, 5, 10, 30, and 50 minutes and the results of the fumigation are compared.

소아 요막관 기형

강은영,이철구,박관현,서정민,이석구,Kang, Eun-Young,Lee, Cheol-Koo,Park, Kwan-Hyeon,Seo, Jeong-Meen,Lee, Suk-Koo 대한소아외과학회 2005 소아외과 Vol.11 No.2

Failure of the urachus to regress completely results in anomalies that may be classified as patent urachus, urachal sinus, urachal cyst and bladder diverticula. The presenting symptoms of children with urachal anomalies are variable and uniform guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are lacking. The purpose of this study was to analyze our experience and develop conclusions regarding the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of urachal anomalies. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 32 patients who were admitted for urachal anomalies from March 1995 to February 2005. The age distribution of these patients at presentation ranged from 1 day to 14 years old (median age 1 month). There were 20 boys and 12 girls. The 32 cases comprised 13 cases of urachal sinus (40.6 %), 10 urachal cyst (31.3 %), and 9 patent urchus (28.1 %). In 30 patients ultrasonography was used for diagnosis and 2 patients with patent urachus were explored without using a diagnostic method. Twenty-three patients were confirmed by ultrasonography alone and 7 patients were examined using additional modalities, namely, computed tomography for 2 patients with an urachal cyst, magnetic resonance imaging for 1 patient with an urachal cyst, and fistulography for 3 patients with an urachal sinus. The presenting symptoms were umbilical discharge (14 patients), umbilical granuloma (8), abdominal pain and fever (3), fever (3), abdominal pain (2), and a low abdominal mass (2). Excision was performed in 29 patients, and 3 patients were conservatively managed. Urachal anomalies in children most frequently presented in neonates, and the most common complaint was umbilical discharge with infection. Urachal anomalies can be diagnosed by a physical examination and an appropriate radiographic test. Ultrasound was the most useful diagnostic method. Complete surgical excision of an urachal anomaly is recommended to avoid recurrence, and the rare development of carcinoma.

실내 환경 집중 및 휴식상황에서의 뉴로-퍼지를 통한 LED 감성조명 시스템 설계

강은영,김효준,박건준,김용갑,Kang, Eun-Yeong,Kim, Hyo-Jun,Park, Keon-Jun,Kim, Young-Kab 한국정보통신학회 2015 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.19 No.3

차세대 조명광원인 LED가 급격하게 발전하고 저 전력, 고효율, 장수명의 장점을 가지고 있어 LED를 이용한 조명에 관심이 높아지고 있다. LED를 이용하여 감성조명을 구현하게 되면 기존의 단색의 조명과는 다르게 빛의 3원색을 이용한 모든 색상을 구현할 수 있다. 이러한 장점으로 인간의 감정까지 다스릴 수 있는 LED 감성조명이 지속적으로 개발되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 실내 환경에서의 집중 및 휴식상황에 맞는 색상을 추출하고 사용자가 느끼는 온도의 색상과 배합하여 상황과 온도에 대한 LED 감성조명을 표현하기 위해 알고리즘을 설계한다. 그리하여 뉴로-퍼지시스템을 이용하여 설계된 LED 감성조명은 사용자에게 집중 및 휴식에 대한 감성에 효과적인 영향을 나타낼 수 있을 것이다. LED, the next-generation light source, rapidly develops and has advantages of low power, high efficiency, and long life. Accordingly, an interest in lightings by using LED rises. If emotional lighting is implemented by using LED, all colors can be represented by using 3 primary colors of light, differently from the conventional single-color lighting. LED emotional lightings which can control human emotions continue to be developed thanks to these advantages. This study was conducted to design an algorithm for expressing LED emotional lighting in line with the situation and temperature by extracting colors for concentration and resting situations in indoor environment and mixing them with colors of the temperature felt by user. The LED emotional lighting designed with a neuro-fuzzy system was found to have effects on user's emotions during concentration and resting.

Anti-cardiolipin 항체와 Cardiolipin의 결합에 미치는 $\beta_2$-GP1의 영향

강은영,장영주,Kang, Eun-Young,Jang, Young-Ju 대한면역학회 2004 Immune Network Vol.4 No.3

Background: Anti-cardiolipin antibody (Anti-CL Ab) is one of the various antiphospholipid antibodies (Anti-PL Abs) and found in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), atherosclerosis, and other infectious diseases. While anti-PL Abs found in the sera of patients with infectious diseases bind directly to CL, binding of anti-PL Abs to CL circulating in the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases is mediated by $\beta_2-$glycoprotein 1 ($\beta_2-GP1$). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of <$\beta_2-GP1$ on the antigen binding assay of anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis, which has been known as one of autoimmune diseases. Methods: ELISA was performed with sera containing anti-CL Abs from three patients with atherosclerosis in the presence or absence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS. Results: Reactivity of anti-CL Abs to CL was increased in the presence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: <$\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS could be used as co-factor in CL ELISA with anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis. It is suggested that anti-CL Abs found in atherosclerosis patients are similar in terms of antigen binding property to those circulating in the patients with autoimmune diseases, not to infectious diseases.

소아에서 일차성 방광요관역류의 자연소실율 및 관련 인자

강은영,김민선,권근상,박은혜,이대열,Kang, Eun-Young,Kim, Min-Sun,Kwon, Keun-Sang,Park, Eun-Hye,Lee, Dae-Yeol 대한소아신장학회 2007 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.11 No.1

목적 : 소아의 일차성 방광요관역류는 요로감염과 이로 인한 신손상의 위험성이 높지만 방광이 성장함에 따라 자연 소실되거나 호전되는 경향이 있다. 본 연구에서는 일차성 방광요관역류의 임상적 특성과 자연소실율 및 그와 관련된 인자들을 분석하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1991년 10월부터 2003년 7월까지 본원 소아과에서 일차성 방광요관 역류로 진단되어 예방적 저용량 항생제 치료를 받았던 총 149명 소아를 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 조사하였다. 대상 환아들은 12-18개월마다 동위원소 방광요도 조영술을 실시하여 역류가 소실되지 않은 경우 3년 이상 추적 검사하였다. 결과 : 대상 환아 149명 중 남아는 73.2%로 여아보다 많았고, 1세 미만은 69.1%로 이 중 남아가 86.4%로 대부분이었다. 역류의 진단 당시 평균 연령은 $16.1{\pm}21.1$개월이었고, 임상 양상으로는 요로 감염이 91.3%로 가장 많았다. 역류의 자연 소실 median time은 24개월이었고, 총 3년 누적소실율은 61.7%였다. 역류의 자연 소실과 관련된 인자들 중 남아, 1세 미만 영아, 낮은 역류의 등급, 일측성 역류, 산전 초음파상 수신증이 있어 역류가 진단된 경우, 형제간에 역류의 가족력이 없었던 경우, 진단당시 신 스캔상 신피질 결손이 없었던 경우, 추적 검사상 요로감염 재발 및 신손상이 없었던 경우의 자연 소실율이 더 높았다. 단변량 분석과 다변량 분석을 이용하여 역류의 자연소실과 독립적으로 관련된 유의한 인자들로는 1세 미만 영아 relative risk 1.77(P<0.05), 낮은 역류 등급(I+II) 2.98(P<0.05), 추적 중 신반흔 형성이 없는 군2.23(P<0.05), 신위축이 없는 군 5.20(P<0.01)이었다. 결론 : 본 연구결과 소아의 일차성 방광 요관 역류는 높은 자연 소실율을 보였으며, 특히 영아기에 진단된 경우 IV 등급 이상의 높은 등급에서도 자연 소실율이 높아 조기의 수술적 치료는 피하고 약물요법을 지속하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 역류의 자연 소실은 진단 당시 연령, 역류의 등급과 추적 검사상 신반흔 및 신위축의 유무와 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : To analyze the clinical characteristics, spontaneous resolution rate and predictive factors of resolution in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux(VUR). Methods : Between October 1991 and July 2003, 149 children diagnosed with primary VUR at Chonbuk National University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. All of the patients were maintained on low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis and underwent radionuclide cystograms at 1 year intervals over 3 years after the initial diagnosis of VUR by voiding cystourethrogram was made. Results : The median time to resolution of VUR was 24 months and the total 3 year-cumulative resolution rate of VUR was 61.7%. The following variables were associated with resolution of VUR according to univariate analysis-; age<1 year, male gender, mild grade of reflux, unilateral reflux, congenital hydronephrosis as clinical presentation at time of diagnosis of VUR, absence of focal defects in the renal scan at diagnosis, absence of recurrent UTI, renal scars and small kidney during follow-up. After adjustment by Cox regression model, five variables remained as independent predictors of VUR resolution; age<1 yew, relative risk 1.77(P<0.05), VUR grade I+II 2.98(P<0.05), absence of renal scars 2.23(P<0.05), and absence of small kidney 5.20(P<0.01) during follow-up. Conclusion : In this study, spontaneous resolution rate of VUR, even high grade reflux, is high in infants during medical management, and it was related to age, reflux grade at diagnosis, absence of renal scars and small kidney during follow-up. Therefore early surgical intervention should be avoided and reserved for the selected groups.

집단별 약물남용 실태와 수요감소전략

강은영(Kang Eun Young),이성식(Lee Seong-Sik) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2005 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

아동 성폭력 가해자에 관한 연구

강은영(Kang Eun-Young) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2003 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

노인 수형자의 특성 및 처우실태에 관한 연구

강은영(Kang Eun-Young) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2001 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

고령화사회에 따른 노인수형자 처우방안

강은영(Eun Young, Kang),권수진(Soo Jin, Kwon),원혜욱,김상미,박상옥 한국형사법무정책연구원 2014 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

아동·청소년 이용 음란물에 대한 국민인식과 효과적인 규제방안 연구

강은영(Kang, Eun-young),김혜정(Kim, Hye-jeong),황태정(Hwang, Tae-jeon) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2016 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-