유리체강내 특정 트리암시놀론주입 후 발생한 투명기름방울모양 잔존물

강성민,박영숙,이병로,Sung Min Kang,Young Sook Park,Byung Ro Lee 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.5

Purpose: To invest characteristics of the clear oil-drop residue observed in the vitreous cavity after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection (IVTA). Methods: Fifty three eyes which received a IVTA for the treatment of macular edema due to a variety of causes were enrolled in the study. Slit-lamp examination, and dilated fundoscopic examination had been performed in all patients from injection to at least two months. We compared Group 1 (nonpurified triamcinolone injection) to Group 2 (purified triamcinolone injection). Results: The clear oil-drop residues were mainly observed in the superior portion of the vitreous cavity. They attached to cortical fibers of the vitreous or floated in the vitreous cavity, and had a mobility. They had a various size, shape, and existed anywhere. They were present at 3 days initially and decreased in size and number as time goes by. Group 1 had the clear oil-drop residues in 11 eyes of 29 eyes, but Group 2 in 5 eyes of 24 eyes. Eyes in Group 2 had less residues in number. Conclusions: The clear oil-drop residues can be observed after IVTA and decanting decreased them after IVTA significantly.

Side Looking Vehicle Detection Radar Using A Novel Signal Processing Algorithm

강성민,김태용,최재홍,구경헌,Kang Sung Min,Kim Tae Young,Choi Jae Hong,Koo Kyung Heon The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2004 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.41 No.12

본 연구는 24GHz 측방설치 차량감지용 레이다를 개발하였다. 다차선에 존재하는 차량들의 속도 측정 및 차량 분류를 위해 24GHz 송수신 모듈을 개발하였고, 신호처리부에 새로운 신호처리 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 본 논문은 고정된 FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) 레이다 모듈로써, 동작원리 이론과 알고리즘에 대해 측정된 데이터를 나타내었다. 측정된 결과는, 가변 threshold 추출 방법을 이용하여 한 차선의 차량 속도에 대해 95%의 정확성과 두 차선에 대해서는 90%의 정확성을 보였다. 또한, 차량의 분류는 소형, 중형, 대형의 3종 분류로 약 89%의 정확성을 나타내었다. We have developed a 24GHz side-looking vehicle detection radar. A 24GHz front-end module and a novel signal processing algorithm have been developed for speed measurement and size classification of vehicles in multiple lanes. The system has a fixed antenna and FMCW processing module. This paper presents the background theory of operation and shows some measured data using the algorithm. The data shows that measured velocity of the passing vehicle is within the accuracy of 95% in single lane and the velocity of the vehicles in two lanes is within the accuracy of 90% by using variable threshold estimation. The classification of vehicle size as small, medium and large has been measured with 89% accuracy.

수중 음향 네트워크를 위한 양방향 전이중 매체 접속 제어 프로토콜

강성민,황호영,조호신,Kang, Sung Min,Hwang, Ho Young,Cho, Ho-Shin 한국음향학회 2017 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

본 논문에서는 다수의 수중 센서 노드들이 존재하는 수중 음향 네트워크에서 전이중 특성을 활용한 양방향 전이중 매체 접속 제어(Medium Access Control, MAC) 프로토콜을 제안한다. 수중 센서 노드들은 정보를 센싱하고 송신의 우선순위에 따라 백오프 타이머를 설정한다. 백오프 타이머가 만료된 수중 센서 노드는 송신 기회를 획득한다. 송신 기회를 획득한 소스 노드는 목적 노드에게 정보를 송신하기 위해 목적 노드의 ID를 포함한 RTS(Request-To-Send)를 주변 노드들에게 방송한다. RTS를 수신한 목적 노드는 CTS(Clear-To-Send)를 소스 노드로 송신하여 양방향 전이 중 통신 수행을 알린다. 소스 노드가 CTS를 수신한 후 소스 노드와 목적 노드는 센싱한 정보를 서로 상대 노드로 송신한다. 수중 환경에서의 기존 MAC 프로토콜은 긴 수중 전파 지연으로 인해 전송 성공에 많은 시간이 소요된다. 반면 제안하는 양방향 전이중 MAC 프로토콜은 소스 노드와 목적 노드 간 양방향 송수신이 가능하기 때문에 전송 성공에 소요되는 시간을 단축하여 네트워크의 처리량을 향상시킨다. 본 논문에서는 제안하는 양방향 전이중 MAC 프로토콜의 네트워크 처리량을 수학적으로 분석한다. 그리고 수중 환경에서의 기존 MAC 프로토콜과 비교 분석을 통해 긴 수중 전파 지연이 존재하는 상황에서 제안하는 양방향 전이중 MAC 프로토콜의 성능이 더 뛰어남을 보인다. In this paper, we propose a bidirectional full duplex MAC (Medium Access Control) protocol for underwater acoustic networks. An underwater sensor node can set a back-off timer according to the priority of transmission. When the back-off timer expires, the underwater sensor node acquires a transmission opportunity. If a source node wants to send data to a destination node, it broadcasts RTS (Request-To-Send) including ID of the destination node to neighbor nodes. The destination node receiving RTS sends CTS (Clear-To-Send) to the source node to inform the bidirectional full duplex communication. After the source node receives CTS, the source node and the destination node can send the data to each other. In the underwater environment, the existing MAC protocol may take a lot of time for successful transmission of data due to long underwater propagation delay. On the other hand, the proposed bidirectional full duplex MAC protocol improves the throughput by shortening the time for successful transmission of data. In this paper, we analyze the throughput of the proposed bidirectional full duplex MAC protocol. In addition, we show that the proposed bidirectional full duplex MAC protocol has better performance in the presence of the long underwater propagation delay compared with existing MAC protocols for underwater environments.

정신분열병 환자의 도파민 $D_5$ 수용체 유전자형과 치료반응과의 연관

강성민,이민수,이충순,Kang, Sung Min,Lee, Min Soo,Rhee, Choong Soon 대한생물정신의학회 2000 생물정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

Background : Dopamine receptors are strong candidates for involvement in schizophrenia and are target of a wide variety of antipsychotics. Dopamine $D_5$ receptor(DRD5) gene polymorphisms may be associated with various treatment response. The purpose of our study was define to what significance can be held as a predictor of treatment response in this polymorphism. Method : The total number of 116 Korean chronic schizophrenic patients was assessed after 48 weeks treatment. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) was rated for the clinical response to various antipsychotics. With the use of polymerase chain reaction amplification, we assessed this dopamine $D_5$ receptor polymorphism in schizophrenic patients who had been treated with antipsychotics, and related genotype with treatment response, to test the hypothesis that DRD5 polymorphism may lead to varying response to antipsychotics. Result : DRD5 polymorphism was not associated with treatment response to a variety of antipsychotics in chronic schizophrenic patients. Conclusion : Genetic variation of $D_5$ receptors do not predict treatment response to antispychotics.

사체연구를 통한 외안근 부착부위의 해부학적 양안비교

강성민,신선영,Sung Min Kang,Sun Young Shin 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.5

Purpose: This research was performed to investigate if the insertion site of the rectus muscle and the type of the insertion anatomically correspond for both eyes in Korean cadavers. Methods: Thirty-four eyes from seventeen cadavers were anatomized for this research. We measured minimum distances from the insertion of each muscle to the tangential lines passing through the corneal limbus using a vernier caliper. Center, temporal, and nasal portions are used as an insertion for the vertical muscle, while center, upper, and lower portions are used as an insertion for the horizontal muscle. The average values of those minimum distances were compared for both eyes. Moreover, the type of the insertion of the rectus muscle is observed to determine whether it is identical for both eyes. Results: Anatomical data does not show a significant difference between the right and left eyes except for the distance from an insertion of the inferior and lateral rectus muscle to the corneal limbus. With regard to the morphologic type of the insertion, the most common types are oblique and nonspecific shapes in the vertical muscles, and straight and concave shapes in the horizontal muscles. Conclusions: Although there was not a significant difference between the eyes, precautions should still be taken during eye operations due to possible anatomical differences between the eyes.

국소적 망막신경섬유층결손안에서 빛간섭단층촬영의 가음성 결과와 관련된 요인

강성민,엄기방,Sung Min Kang,MD,Ki Bang Uhm,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2011 대한안과학회지 Vol.52 No.4

Purpose: To identify the risk factors associated with false negative findings of optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT) in patients with photographic localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects. Methods: Twenty-four patients with preperimetric glaucoma and 173 patients with perimetric glaucoma, all with localized RNFL defects were included in the present study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of detection of photographic defects by OCT. Gender, age, refractive error, diabetes, hypertension, central corneal thickness, type of glaucoma, mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, average RNFL thickness, disc area, and photographic RNFL defect related variables (location, number, and angular width) were compared between the 2 groups. Each variable was initially evaluated by univariate analysis and significant variables (p < 0.1) were included in the logistic regression analysis. Results: Photographic RNFL defects were not detected by OCT in 51 (25.9%) of the 197 eyes. The angular locations and widths of RNFL defects by OCT were significantly correlated with those of RNFL defects by red-free RNFL photographs (Pearson correlation coefficient R = 0.98 and 0.64, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for false negative findings of OCT included average RNFL thickness (odds ratio = 1.106, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.057-1.156, p < 0.001) and angular width of defect (odds ratio = 0.929, 95% CI = 0.884-0.977, p = 0.004). Conclusions: This present study suggests that false negative findings of OCT in patients with photographic localized RNFL defects were associated with thicker RNFL thickness and smaller angular width of RNFL defect. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2011;52(4):454-461

급성폐쇄각녹내장 반대편안의 녹내장성 시신경손상

강성민,송유미,이정민,황정희,엄기방,Sung-Min Kang,Yoo-Mi Song,Jeong-Min Lee,Jeong-Hee Hwang,Ki-Bang Uhm 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.11

Purpose: To determine whether glaucomatous optic nerve damage occurs in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral acute primary angle-closure glaucoma. Methods: This study included both eyes of 75 subjects with unilateral acute primary angle-closure glaucoma in one eye, and 92 eyes of age- and refraction-matched normal controls. The presence or absence of qualitative signs for differentiating between normal and glaucoma eyes, vertical cup to disc ratio, and extent of zone beta were recorded. All subjects underwent examination with a Humphrey Field Analyser. Results: Twelve fellow eyes (16%), 28 attacked eyes (37.3%), and no eyes in the control group had a vertical cup to disc ratio of 0.7 or greater (p<0.05). Thinnest rim width outside the temporal sector, rim shape alteration (alteration of ISN`T rule), baring of circumlinear vessel, and abnormal form of peripapillary atrophy were detected more frequently in fellow eyes than in normal controls (P<0.05). After excluding the attacked eyes with vertical cup to disc ratios of 0.69 or less and their fellow eyes, interocular correlation of mean deviation (r=0.31), corrected pattern standard deviation (r=0.32), extent of zone beta (r=0.57), and vertical cup to disc ratio (r=0.38) for attacked and fellow eyes were significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Some of the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral acute primary angle-closure glaucoma had glaucomatous optic nerve damage, particularly the fellow eyes with a large cup to disc ratio.

백내장수술 후 시력예측을 위한 조명식 근거리 카드의 예측도

강성민,강일봉,김준현,Sung Min Kang,Il Bong Kang,Joon Hyun Kim 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.10

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of predicting potential visual acuity in cataract using the illuminated near card (INC). Methods: Thirty-nine eyes (34 patients) having cataract were studied prospectively by comparing the postoperative distance Snellen acuity to the visual acuity (VA) obtained preoperatively using the INC viewed through a pinhole. Results: The INC predicted postoperative acuity within two Snellen lines in 20 of 39. The accuracy between predicted and achieved acuities was follows: 61.5% in patients with a preoperative acuity of better than 0.3, 53.8% of better than 0.1, 50.0% of better than 0.05 and 28.6% of worse than 0.05. The disparity between INC results and postoperative VA was 3.89 lines (cortical opacity, nucleosclerosis, subcapsular opacity), 2.48 lines (cortical and subcapsular opacity), 2.08 lines (cortical opacity, nucleosclerosis), 1.8 lines (nucleosclerosis only), 3.3 lines (nucleosclerosis, subcapsular opacity), 1.6 lines (subcapsular opacity) and 3.0 lines (the others). Conclusions: The INC is easy to use and is a fast and accurate measurement instrument for predicting postoperative VA after cataract operation.

한국인 정상치를 이용한 Stratus 광간섭단층촬영기의 초기 정상안압녹내장 진단 능력

강성민,이승복,엄기방,Sung Min Kang,Seung Bok Lee,Ki Bang Uhm 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.5

Purpose: To determine if korean normative database improve diagnostic ability of Stratus OCT for detection of glaucoma. Methods: Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and optic nerve head regions were measured using a Stratus OCT. The normative data were collected from 129 normal individuals. We obtained values at the 5% and 1% levels according to the disc area stratified into equal thirds to minimize the error by the individual variation of optic disc size and these levels were considered abnormal. One eye of each 94 normal-tension glaucoma patients with early visual field defects (mean deviaton = -3.84±1.40dB) and 87 another normal subjects were enrolled. Glaucoma was defined by visual field defects. Results: The use of Korean normative database had higher sensitivity and no significant difference of specificity than that of a Stratus OCT except for a few parameters. The criteria that show the highest diagnostic ability were 1 ≥ quadrants RNFL thickness abnormal at the < 5% when using a Korean normative database (sensitivity = 81.9%, specificity = 81.6%) and 1 ≥ clock hours abnormal at the < 5% when using a Stratus OCT normative database (sensitivity = 71.3%, specificity = 87.4%) (p=0.004, p=0.180, respectively, McNemar test). Conclusions: The criterion using a Korean normative database had higher sensitivity and no difference of specificity compared with criterion using a Stratus OCT normative database. The best criterion using a Korean normative database may be helpful for early detection of normal-tension glaucoma.

뇌하수체 선종의 크기와 위치에 따른 시야변화

강성민,김준현,정진환,Sung-Min Kang,Joon-Hyun Kim,Jin-Hwan Cheong 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.10

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the location and size of pituitary adenoma and visual field change. Methods: Fifty-two patients were diagnosed with pituitary adenoma and underwent tumor resection at the Department of Neurosurgery in our hospital between July 1999 and July 2004. Among them, we retrospectively studied that location and size of pituitary adenoma as related to visual field changes in 29 patients who had credible perimetry results and no other ophthalmologic problems that caused visual field changes. We obtained the information about the size and location of pituitary adenoma using MRI, and performed ophthalmologic examination such as perimetry and fundus examination. Results: There were no visual field changes in 18 patients. The visual field changes observed were as follows; bitemporal hemianopsia in 4 patients who had inferior involvement of optic chiasm; scotoma in one eye and temporal hemianopsia in the other eye in 2 patients who had lateral and inferior involvement; bitemporal superior quadranopsia in 2 patients who had anterior and inferior involvement; and 3 patients showed visual field changes, but they had no optic nerve involvement of pituitary adenoma. The size of adenoma was not exactly related to visual field changes. Conclusions: These results indicate that visual field changes can be influenced by the location and size of pituitary adenoma.