젖소 흉부결합체 송아지 1례

허태영,강석진,최창용,정영훈,조용일,류일선,손동수,김현섭,서국현,Hur, Tai-young,Kang, Seog-jin,Choe, Chang-yong,Jung, Young-Hun,Cho, Yong-il,Son, Dong-su,Ryu, Il-Sun,Kim, Hyeon-shup,Suh, Guk-hyun 대한수의학회 2006 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.46 No.1

This case was found in Holstein cow suffering from dystocia. The twin calves in uterus were dead and removed by fetotomy. Gross anatomical analysis of thoracopagus siamese calf was carried out. Two normal heads were present on two necks, however, the twins were fused in the thoracic region. There were four forelimbs and an abnormal orientation of ribs. Two separate vertebral columns along the length of the animal ended with two tails. A single pericardium lay on the midline when opening the thorax. However, there were two almost completely hearts within the pericardial sac. Two heart were joined by a common cavernous venous sinuous. There were two sets of lungs. Each twins had a separate esophagus that entered a separated stomach. A large liver was fused and connected into two duodenums. The pelvis, large intestines and urinary tracts were separated. The twins are female and have a full complement of limb.

2관성계의 규범모델에 의한 진동억제제어

김진수(Jin-Soo Kim),강석진(Seog-Jin Kang),김현중(Hyun-Jung Kim),김영석(Young-Seok Kim) 대한전기학회 1998 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1998 No.7

Potassium Hydroxide 가수분해 처리법을 이용한 폐가축사체 분해시 최적 분해시간 구명

서영진(Young-Jin Seo),서동철(Dong-Cheol Seo),최익원(Ik-Won Choi),강세원(Se-Won Kang),이상규(Sang-Gyu Lee),성환후(Hwan-Hoo Sung),김태승(Tae-Seung Kim),김현구(Hyun-Goo Kim),박선화(Sun-Hwa Park),강석진(Seog-Jin Kang),조주식(Ju-Sik Cho) 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2012 No.6

가축사체 랜더링 부산물의 액비화를 위한 산 및 알칼리 분해제별 분해율과 분해속도 평가

서영진(Young-Jin Seo),서동철(Dong-Cheol Seo),최익원(Ik-Won Choi),강세원(Se-Won Kang),이상규(Sang-Gyu Lee),성환후(Hwan-Hoo Sung),김태승(Tae-Seung Kim),김현구(Hyun-Goo Kim),박선화(Sun-Hwa Park),강석진(Seog-Jin Kang),조주식(Ju-Sik Cho) 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.5

현행 살처분 가축사체의 처리방안 중 하나인 랜더링 처리방법을 사용하여 나온 부산물을 액비화 시키기 위해 산 및 알칼리 분해제를 사용하여 액화시켰으며, 분해제별 주입량 및 처리시간에 따른 랜더링 부산물의 분해율과 분해속도를 조사하였다. 산 및 알칼리 분해제별 주입량 및 처리시간에 따른 랜더링 부산물의 잔존량을 조사한 결과 분해제 중 가장 높은 잔존량을 나타낸 것은 HNO₃으로 다른 분해제는 10분이 경과한 후 랜더링 부산물의 잔존량이 대부분 50% 이하로 나타났다. 랜더링 부산물의 분해속도 K (hr<SUP>-1</SUP>)는 KOH의 경우 랜더링 부산물 무게 대비 25% 〉 30% 〉 20% 〉 15% 〉 10%순으로 25%를 넣어줬을 때 가장 빨리 분해가 되었다. H₂SO₄의 경우 랜더링 부산물 무게 대비 30% 〉 25% 〉 20% 〉 15% 〉 10%순으로 넣었을 때 빨리 분해되었으며, NaOH도 이와 비슷한 경향이었다. 분해제별 랜더링 부산물의 분해율은 HNO₃의 경우에는 순도가 약 61% 정도로 다른 분해제들 보다 낮아 분해율이 현저히 떨어졌으며, KOH, NaOH 및 H₂SO₄의 경우에는 랜더링 부산물을 25%와 30%를 넣었을 때 큰 차이가 없어 경제성 및 효율성을 고려하였을 때 분해제를 랜더링 부산물의 무게 대비 25%를 넣었을 경우가 가장 적합하다고 판단된다. In order to develop liquid fertilizer using rendering by-product, rates and velocities of degradation from rendering by-product using pig cadaver investigated under different amount of injection and time with degradation agents (KOH, NaOH, HNO₃ and H₂SO₄). The amount of residue by degradation agent of HNO₃ treatment method was higher than that in KOH, NaOH and H₂SO₄ treatment methods. The degradation velocities (K; hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) of rendering by-product in KOH treatment method were higher in the order of 25% (0.0309 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) 〉 30% (0.0268 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) 〉 20% (0.0142 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) 〉 15% (0.0111 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) 〉 10% (0.0102 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>) of weight of rendering by-product. In all conditions, the degradation velocity of rendering by-product using H₂SO₄ 30% of weight of rendering by-product was rapid than that for KOH, NaOH and HNO₃ treatment methods. Degradation rates of rendering by-product using NaOH were similar to that of KOH and H₂SO₄ except for HNO₃ under injecting 25% and 30% of rendering by-product weight.

구두발표(OC) - 농업화학 및 생태,식품분야 ; 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 알칼리 가수분해 처리기술 개발

서영진 ( Young Jin Seo ),서동철 ( Dong Cheol Seo ),최익원 ( Ik Won Choi ),강세원 ( Se Won Kang ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),박주왕 ( Ju Wang Park ),강석진 ( Seog Jin Kang ),조주식 ( Ju Sik Cho ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-

최근 들어 가축전염병으로 살처분된 가축에 대한 처리문제와 환경에 미치는 영향이 첨예의 관심사가 되고 있다. 특히, 2011년 구제역 발생 이후 살처분된 가축의 매몰시 침출수 누수, 인체 유해미생물 유출 및 악취 발생 등 문제점이 야기되면서 소각 및 매몰 이외의 처리가 연구되고 있지만, 우리나라 여건상 소각 및 매몰 이외에는 신속한 처리가 힘든 실정이다. 따라서 폐가축사체의 신속하고 안전한 처리가 가능하고 더 나아가 처리된 부산물을 재활용까지 할 수 있는 다각적인 활용 방안이 필요하다. 본 연구는 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 알칼리 가수분해 처리기술을 개발하기 위해 최적 가수분해제를 선정하였고, 가수분해제의 성상별 최적 가수분해제 주입량 및 분해시간을 조사하였다. 폐가축사체는 국립축산과학원내에서 자연사한 돼지를 사용하였으며, 알칼리 가수분해제는 KOH 및 NaOH를 사용하였다. 알칼리 가수분해제 (KOH, NaOH)를 폐돼지사체 무게의 20%되게 주입한 후 분해특성을 비교한 결과 NaOH로 가수분해한 경우 분해율은 82.8%로 KOH (81.1%)의 경우보다 약간 높았지만 분해부산물 중 질소와 칼리의 함량이 KOH로 가수분해한 경우보다 낮았다. 또한 NaOH로 가수분해시 황변현상이 발생하였고, NaOH 주입으로 인해 나트륨 함량이 매우 높아 농업적 활용성을 고려할 때 KOH를 최적 가수분해제로 선정하였다. 선정된 KOH를 이용하여 폐가축사체 가수분해를 위한 최적 KOH 주입량과 분해시간을 조사한 결과 최적 KOH 주입량은 45% KOH 액상을 폐돼지사체 무게 대비 25% 주입한 경우이었으며, 최적 분해시간은 1시간이었다.

한우와 젖소 신생 송아지의 말초혈액 림프구아군 특성비교

정영훈,허태영,강석진,기광석,박성재,이명식,서국현,Jung, Young-Hun,Hur, Tai-Young,Kang, Seog-Jin,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Park, Sung-Jae,Lee, Myeung-Sik,Suh, Guk-hyun 대한수의학회 2010 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.50 No.3

The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for the composition blood lymphocyte populations and compare forty three Hanwoo neonatal calves (KC) with twenty one Holstein calves (HC) by blood cell count and immunophynotying. The percentages of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class, MHC class II and WC1+ T cells, B cells were determined by flow cytometry. The number of lymphocyte and monocyte in HC were higher than those of KC. However, the number of neutrophils was higher in HC than KC. The proportions of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, MHC class, and WC1+ lymphocytes remained relatively stable during the study period, while there was a moderate increase in the relative percentage of CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class II and B cell from birth to approximately 3 weeks of age. Marked differences in the relative proportions of the lymphocyte subpopulations were noted between the individual calves. The present study shows that the T-cell subpopulations are present in peripheral blood of KC at levels comparable with HC, while the MHC class II and B cell population of KC increases significantly with age. The absolute number of WBC in KC was due to the decrease of absolute number of neutrophil rather than the increase of lymphocyte. The results indicated that KC have significantly higher number of neutrophils, and proportion of MHC class II and B cell than HC.

연구보문 : 식물환경 ; 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 가축사체 액상부산물의 액비화 조건 구명

서영진 ( Young Jin Seo ),서동철 ( Dong Cheol Seo ),강세원 ( Se Won Kang ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),박주왕 ( Ju Wang Park ),최익원 ( Ik Won Choi ),성환후 ( Hwan Hoo Sung ),강석진 ( Seog Jin Kang ),조주식 ( Ju Sik Cho1 ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4

가축사체 액상부산물을 이용하여 액비의 최적조건(미생물, pH, 미생물 주입량)을 조사하였고, 이들 최적 조건하에서 112일간 부숙하여 액비의 품질을 평가하였다. 가축사체 액상 부산물 액비 부숙시 최적 LP 미생물의 주입량은 0.5 mL/100mL이었으며, pH는 7 조건에서 각각 50점으로 완숙판정을 받았다. 최적조건하에서 112일 동안 부숙시킨 액비의 부숙도 는 부숙 후 28일에 50점을 받아 완숙판정을 받았으며, 부숙기 간이 길어짐에 따라 부숙 56일에는 온도가 60℃를 넘어 최고 점인 55점을 받았고, 이후 온도가 조금씩 낮아져 부숙 후 112 일에는 실온조건에 이르렀다. 완숙된 가축사체 액상부산물 액 비의 품질을 평가해본 결과, 최적조건하에서 부숙시킨 액비의 경우에는 T-N, P2O5 및 K2O의 함량이 28일에 가장 높았으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 또한, 유해성분(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb 및 Zn)의 함량은 28일, 56일 및 112일 부숙시킨 액비에서 모두 비료공정규격 기 준치에 적합하였다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 가축사체 액상부산물을 농업적 재활용을 위한 액비화 조건은 pH 7조건 에서 LP 미생물을 0.5 mL/100 mL 주입한 경우이다. 하지 만 본 연구에서 비교된 가축분뇨 발효액은 공시재료(가축사체)가 상이하여 향후 가축사체를 이용한 액비의 부숙도 기준이 개선되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. BACKGROUND: Globally, concern about emerging infectious diseases of livestock is growing. For the disposal of the animal carcass, it is necessary to recycle the carcass into an agriculturally usable product. The objective of this study was to investigate the composting conditions of liquid by-product obtained from degradation of animal carcass. METHODS AND RESULTS: Optimum conditions of liquid fertilizer were investigated using different microorganisms, pHs, and volumes of microorganisms (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola). Based on the results from the optimum conditions, compost maturity and quality of liquid fertilizer were evaluated for 112 days. The compost maturity of liquid fertilizer were higher in the order of LP(Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola) > BC(Bacillus cereus) > BS (Bacillus subtilis). The optimum condition under different volumes of LP was injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL. The compost maturity under different pHs were higher in the order of pH 7 > 5 ≥ 9 ÷ 11. The liquid by-product at 56 days after composting was completely decomposed. The concentrations of T-N, T-P and K2O in liquid fertilizer at 56 days were 0.94, 0.17 and 3.78%, respectively, and the sum of those concentrations was 4.89%. CONCLUSION(S): Liquid fertilizer of by-product using pig carcass was decomposed with optimum conditions(LP, pH 7, injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL) in 56 days after composting, and was suitable for official standard of commercial fertilizer.

TRAIL 유도 세포사멸에 있어서 IFN-γ의한 증가 기전 연구: IRF-1과의 관련성

박상열,설재원,이유진,강석진,김인식,강형섭,채준석,조종후,Park, Sang-Youel,Seol, Jae-Won,Lee, You-Jin,Kang, Seog-Jin,Kim, In-shik,Kang, Hyung-sub,Chae, Joon-seok,Cho, Jong-Hoo 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.2

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family and potent inducer of apoptosis. TRAIL has been shown to effectively limit tumor growth in vivo without detectable cytotoxic side effects. Interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ often modulates the anti-cancer activities of TNF family members including TRAIL. We previously reported that IFN-${\gamma}$ enhanced TRAIL-induced Apoptosis in HeLa cells without the unknown mechanism. In this study, we investigated whether IRF-1 involves in IFN-${\gamma}$-enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis. We exposed HeLa cells to IFN-${\gamma}$ for 12 hours and then treated with recombinant TRAIL protein. No apoptosis was induced in cells pretreated with IFN-${\gamma}$, and TRAIL only induced 30% apoptosis after 3 hours treatment. In HeLa cells pretreated with IFN-${\gamma}$, TRAIL induced cell death to more than 75% at 3 hours, showed that IFN-${\gamma}$-pretreatment enhanced HeLa cell death to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. To investigate the functional role of IRF-1 in IFN-${\gamma}$-enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis, IRF-1 was overexpressed by using an adenoviral vector AdIRF-1. IRF-1 overexpression increased apoptotic cell death and significantly enhanced apoptotic cell death induced by TRAIL when infected cells were treated with TRAIL. Our findings show that IFN-${\gamma}$ enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IRF-1 in HeLa cells.

대규모 한우 번식 목장에서의 10년간 송아지 폐사 원인

김의형,정영훈,최창용,강석진,장선식,조상래,양병철,허태영,Kim, Ui-Hyung,Jung, Young-Hun,Choe, Changyong,Kang, Seog-Jin,Chang, Sun-Sik,Cho, Sang-Rae,Yang, Byung-Chul,Hur, Tai-Young 대한수의학회 2015 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.55 No.2

Calf losses have an economic impact on larger Korean native cattle (KNC) breeding farms due to replacement, productivity, and marketing. However, little research on KNC calf mortality or causes of calf death on large-scale breeding farms has been conducted. Based on medical records and autopsy findings from the Hanwoo experimental station of the National Institute of Animal Science, calf death records from 2002 to 2011 were used to identify the causes of mortality. Mortality rate of KNC calves was 5.7%. Large differences (1.8~12.6%) in yearspecific mortalities were observed. Calf deaths were due to digestive diseases (68.7%), respiratory diseases (20.9%), accidents (6.0%), and other known diseases (2.2%). The main cause of calf death was enteritis followed by pneumonia, rumen indigestion, and intestinal obstruction. The greatest number of calf deaths occurred during the fall followed by summer. These results indicated that enteritis and pneumonia were the main reasons for calf death. However, autopsy findings demonstrated that other factors also caused calf death. This study suggested that seasonal breeding and routine vaccinations are the most important factors for preventing calf death, and improving calf health in high land areas with low temperature.

Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous 변이군주에 의한 Carotenoids 생산 발효의 특성 연구

박기문,김영준,송민우,강석진,이재흥,Park, Ki-Moon,Kim, Young-Jun,Song, Min-Woo,Kang, Seog-Jin,Lee, Jae-Heung 한국생물공학회 2006 KSBB Journal Vol.21 No.4

Various ${\beta}$-ionone resistant mutants were isolated from the wild-type red yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous KCTC 7704. Although the growth of X. dendrorhous KCTC 7704 was strongly inhibited at 0.025 mM ${\beta}$-ionone, one of the ${\beta}$-ionone resistant mutants isolated at 0.1 mM ${\beta}$-ionone by NTG mutagenesis showed rather 70% of relative survival at 0.15 mM ${\beta}$-ionone. Fermentation kinetics study with the mutant was carried out at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 days in 300-mL baffled flasks. The mutant yielded up to 2.3-fold higher carotenoids content(viz. $1.2{\mu}g$ of total carotenoids per mg of dry cells) compared with the wild-type strain. The production of metabolites such as organic acids could be neglected. Studies on the kinetics with various carbon substrates revealed both an increase in final dry cell mass and a higher total carotenoids content in cell mass with glucose when compared to fructose or sucrose. As a further part of study, the effect of pH on the fermentation kinetics was investigated in glucose-limited chemostat at a dilution rate of $0.04h^{-1}$. When compared to steady-state kinetic parameters obtained at pH 4.0, a significant reduction in cell concentration at pH 3.0 and a lower carotenoids content at pH 5.2 were evident. 본 연구에서는 적효모 X. dendrorhous KCTC 7704로부터 여러 ${\beta}$-ionone 내성 변이균주를 선별하였다. 야생균 KCTC 7704는 ${\beta}$-ionone 0.021 mM 농도에서 생육이 현저히 저하되었지만, NTG처리 후 ${\beta}$-ionone 0.1 mM 농도에서 선별된 변이균주는 ${\beta}$-ionone 0.15 mM에서도 70% 이상의 상대 생육율을 나타내는 매우 강한 ${\beta}$-ionone 내성을 갖고 있었다. 여러 ${\beta}$-ionone 농도에서 선별한 변이균주들을 $20^{\circ}C$에서 4일간 회분식 발효로 배양하여 그 특성을 조사하였다. 선별된 가장 우수한 변이균주는 야생균주보다 카로티노이드 생성능이 2.3배 향상(즉 $1.2{\mu}g$ of total carotenoids per mg of dry cells)되었으며 유기산과 같은 대사산물은 거의 생성하지 않았다. 여러 탄소원 들에 대한 비교 발효특성 연구 결과 과당이나 자당을 사용했을 때봐 비교하여 포도당 배지에서 최종 균체농도 및 총 카로티노이드 생성량이 많았다. 포도당이 제한되는 연속발효(dilution rate $0.04h^{-1}$) 실험을 통하여 pH의 영향을 조사한 결과 균체농도 및 총 카로티노이드 생성은 pH 4.0 조건하에서 최적인 것을 알 수 있었다.