주의력결핍·과잉행동장애의 침치료에 대한 최신 연구동향 - 2011-2013년 중국 논문 중심으로 -

강문수,김우경,김락형,Kang, Mun Su,Kim, Woo Kyoung,Kim, Lak Hyung 대한한방소아과학회 2013 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the acupuncture therapy about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in China. Methods We searched for the studies on ADHD at China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, http://www.cnki.net) from 2011.1 to 2013.8. Results Selected 12 studies were divided into 7 case reports and 5 control studies. 7 case reports reported significant improvements with acupuncture therapy in ADHD. 5 control studies reported results that the acupuncture therapy groups were similar or better than western medicine treatment groups. Frequently used acupuncture points were EX-HN23 (7 times), GV20 ${\bullet}$ P6 ${\bullet}$ SP6 (6 times), G13 ${\bullet}$ EX-HN1 (5 times). Conclusions There have been reported many ADHD clinical studies in China and these studies can be applied to the clinical practices in Korea.

경혈탐측기에 반응한 이혈(耳穴)과 신체 동통 부위와의 관계 연구

강문수,박현철,김락형,유정석,송범용,Kang, Mun-Su,Park, Hyun-Chul,Kim, Lak-Hyung,Yu, Jeong-Suk,Song, Beom-Yong 대한침구의학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Objectives : The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between electrical detection of ear acupuncture points and musculoskeletal pain. Methods : 18 adults who have musculoskeletal pain without trauma factorsparticipated in this study. They answered the questionnaire and their ear acupuncture points were examined with electrical detectors. We analyzed the relationship between electrical detection of ear acupuncture points and musculoskeletal pain with concordance rate and validity. Results : Total concordance rates of the head region was 68.00%(questionnaire) 32.08%(investigation), that of vertebral region was 67.86%, 59.38%, that of both upper limbs was 86.67%, 39.69%, and that of both lower limbs was 50.00%, 23.46%. The true positive rate was 0.704, the true negative rate was 0.492, the false positive rate was 0.508, and the false negative rate was 0.296 in the validity test. In the head, two concordance rates of the temporal and occipital regions were relatively higher than those of the parietal and frontal regions. In the vertebral region, two concordance rates of the cervical and lumbar regions were relatively higher than those of the thoracic and sacrum regions. In the upper limb, two concordance rates of the shoulder and shoulder joints were relatively higher than those of the others. In the lower limb, concordance rates of investigation were relatively low at all areas. The right lower limb was relatively higher than the left in concordance rates of the questionnaire. Conclusions : The results suggest that electrical detection of ear acupuncture points can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal pain.

브랜드 인식자(認識子)에 관한 연구 : 브랜드 패키지 색상 사례를 중심으로

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ) 한국패키지디자인학회 2007 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.20 No.-

틱장애에 대한 한약 대조군 연구의 최근 동향 (2007년 중국 임상 논문에서)

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),조이현 ( Yi Hyun Cho ),김락형 ( Lak Hyung Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2008 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Objective : This study was designed to analyze the herbal medicine case-control studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. Method : For this study, we searched the studies on tic disorder, which had been published 2007, through web-site CNKI(中國知識基礎設施工程 http://www.cnki.net). There were 15 herbal medicine case-control studies and we focused on those studies. Results : 1. DSM-Ⅳ(7 studies), CCMD(5 studies) and ICD-10(3 studies) were frequently used in the diagnosis of tic disorder. 2. Paeonia radix alba, Uncariae ramulus et uncus and Glycyrrhizae radix were frequently used in treatment. Moreover Scorpio, Gastrodiae rhizoma, Pinelliae rhizoma and so on were used. 3. Treatment results were assessed by improvement of symptom, YGTSS and so on. 4. Herbal medicine treatment was more effective than western medicine treatment in most studies, and side effects of herbal medicine were far less than those of western medicine. Conclusion : There have been reported many herbal medicine treatment studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. We believe that these studies can be applied to the clinical practices in Korean medicine.

개미 군락 시스템을 이용한 계층적 클러스터 분석

강문수 ( Mun-su Kang ),최영식 ( Young-sik Choi ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.15 No.5

본 논문에서는 방향그래프에서 개미가 한 노드에서 다른 노드들로 이동하는 새로운 개미 기반계층적 클러스터링 알고리즘을 제안한다. 노드페로몬은 로컬영역에서 상대 밀도값으로 간주될 수 있는 값으로 노드로 들어오는 에지들의 페로몬 양을 합한 것이다. 일정한 횟수만큼 개미들을 이동시킨 후 방향 그래프로부터 소량의 노드페로몬 값을 가진 노드들을 제거하고, 강하게 연결되어 있는 요소들을 하나의 클러스터로 구성한다. 반복적으로 낮은 값부터 높은 값까지 제거작업을 하여 계층적 클러스터들을 구축한다. 다양한 실험을 통해 제안하는 알고리즘과 기존 클러스터링 알고리즘을 비교하고 제안하는 알고리즘의 우수성을 실험을 통해 입증한다. In this paper, we present a novel ant-based hierarchical clustering algorithm, where ants repeatedly hop from one node to another over a weighted directed graph of k-nearest neighborhood obtained from a given dataset. We introduce a notion of node pheromone, which is the summation of amount of pheromone on incoming arcs to a node. The node pheromone can be regarded as a relative density measure in a local region. After a finite number of ants` hopping, we remove nodes with a small amount of node pheromone from the directed graph, and obtain a group of strongly connected components as clusters. We iteratively do this removing process from a low value of threshold to a high value, yielding a hierarchy of clusters. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm with synthetic and real data sets, comparing with traditional clustering methods. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed method to the traditional methods.

정신적 스트레스와 신문(神門)(HT7) 자침(刺鍼)이 정상성인의 심박변이도(HRV)에 미치는 영향

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),김락형 ( Lak Hyung Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2009 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental stress stimulation and acupucnture applied at HT7 point on heart rate variability (HRV) in normal subjects. Methods: Thirty seven healthy volunteers participated in this study. The volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups. Both groups performed a mental arithmetic stress test and stroop color-word test for 10 minute. Then, acupuncture needles were inserted on HT7 for the study group and on non-acupucnture point for the control group. HRV was recorded three times at test time and before and after acupuncture stimulation. Results: After giving mental stress stimulation to both groups, LF and LF/HF ratio were increased and HF was decreased significantly. After giving acupuncture to study group, LF and LF/HF ratio were decreased and HF was increased, but it was not significant. After giving acupuncture to control group, LF and LF/HF ratio were increased and HF was decreased, but it was not significant. Conclusions: This results show that mental arithmetic stress test and stroop color-word test contribute to activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Acupuncture at HT7 could be relatively useful to decrease sympathetic activity and balance autonomic nervous system for those who are under stress.

성격검사 및 신경심리검사를 이용한 사상체질간 성격 및 인지 특성 연구

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),유경 ( Gyung Yu ),김락형 ( Lak Hyung Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2015 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the personality traits and cognitive characteristics of the Sasang constitution by comparing the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Stroop Test. Methods: One hundred and six healthy subjects (age 20 to 40) were analyzed; 45 Taeeumin, 30 Soyangin and 31 Soeumin. The Sasang constitution was diagnosed by a sasang constitutional medicine specialist based on the results of a Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis (TS-QSCD), the external appearance, temperament and symptoms. The results of the EPQ, TCI, CPT and Stroop Test were compared between Sasang constitutions. Results: Among the seven dimensions of EPQ, Taeeumin and Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in Extraversion. Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in Impulsiveness. Among the four temperament dimensions of TCI, Taeeumin and Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in novelty seeking, reward dependence and persistence. Soeumin scored significantly higher than Taeeumin and Soyangin in harm avoidance. Among the three character dimensions of TCI, Soyangin scored significantly higher than Taeeumin in self transcendence. The results for CPT showed no significant differences between sasang constitutions. Taeeumin had a significantly higher color score in the stroop test than Soeumin. Conclusions: The personality tests showed significant differences between Sasang constitutions, but the neuropsychological test did not show any differences. Further studies should be performed to identify neuropsychological differences between Sasang constitutions.

국내 크론병 환자에서 위점막의 Bamboo Joint-Like Appearance에 관한 연구

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),박동일 ( Dong Il Park ),박정호 ( Jung Ho Park ),김홍주 ( Hong Joo Kim ),조용균 ( Yong Kyun Cho ),손정일 ( Chong Il Sohn ),전우규 ( Woo Kyu Jeon ),김병익 ( Byung Ik Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2006 대한소화기학회지 Vol.48 No.6

목적 : "Bamboo joint-like (BJL) appearance"는 규칙적인 미란이나 고랑이 가로지르는 위체부 소만부와 분문부의 종주하는 두꺼워진 점막 주름으로 크론병과 연관이 있다는 보고가 있어 왔다. 이번 연구에서는 국내 크론병 환자에서 BJL appearance의 발견율에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 진단 받은 크론병 및 궤양성 대장염 환자에 대해 2005년 1월부터 12월까지 상부위장관내시경을 시행하였고, 같은 기간 상부위장관 증상으로 상부위장관 내시경 검사를 받은 비염증 장질환 환자를 순서대로 포함하였다. 검사자 간 차이를 줄이기 위해 모든 내시경 검사는 한명의 내시경의가 시행하였고, 미세 변화 관찰을 위해 0.4% 인디고카민액을 이용한 색소 내시경을 시행하였다. 결과: 21명의 크론병 환자(검사 당시 평균연령±표준편차; 40±15세, 남/여; 13/8), 28명의 궤양성 대장염 환자(42±15세, 21/7), 그리고 685명의 비염증 장질환 환자(49±14세, 354/331)가 포함되었다. 크론병 환자의 상부위장관내시경 소견으로는 미란위염이 52.4% (11/21)로 가장 많았고, 만성표재위염 23.8% (5/21), 만성위축위염 4.8% (1/21), 십이지장 미란이나 궤양 9.5% (2/21), 그리고 9.5% (2/21)는 정상이었다. BJL appearance는 크론병 환자의 47.6% (10/21)에서 발견되어 궤양성 대장염 환자(3.6%, 1.27)나 비염증 장질환 환자(0.1%, 1/685)보다 의미 있게 높은 발견율을 보였다(p<0.001). 크론병 환자에서 BJL appearance의 발견율은 성별, H. pylori 감염 상태, 비엔나 분류에 따른 표현형, 치료 약제, 혹은 상부 위장관 내시경 소견과는 차이가 없었다. 결론: 위체부와 분문부의 BJL appearance는 크론병 진단의 단서가 될 수 있다. Background/Aims: Bamboo joint-like (BJL) appearance is an endoscopic finding characterized by swollen longi­tudinal folds transversed by erosive fissures or linear furrows on the lesser curvature side of gastric body and cardia. It has been reported to be associated with Crohn`s disease (CD). This study was aimed to evaluate the incidence of BJL appearance in Korean patients with CD. Methods: From January to December in 2005, we performed esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in patients diagnosed as CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) in our hospital. Non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects with upper gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent EGD were consecutively enrolled during the same period. One endoscopist performed all the endoscopic exami­nations to avoid inter-observer variation. A dye-spraying technique with 0.4% indigocarmine was used to allow the detection of subtle changes during the endoscopic examination. Results: A total of 21 patients with CD (mean age±SD, 40±15 yr; M/F, 13/8), 28 patients with UC (42±15 yr; 21/7), and 685 non-IBD subjects (49±14 yr; 354/331) were enrolled. EGD findings in CD patients were gastric erosions (11/21), chronic superficial gastritis (5/21), chronic atrophic gastritis (1/21), duodenal erosions or ulcers (2/21), and normal (2/21). Incidence of BJL appearance was significantly higher in patients with CD (47.6%, 10/21) than others (UC, 3.6%, 1/28; non- IBD, 0.1 %, 1/685) (p < 0.0001). Among patients with CD, incidence of BJL appearance was not significantly different according to the sex, status of H. pylori infection, Vienna classification for phenotype, medications or EGD findings. Conclusions: BJL appearance on the gastric body and cardia can be a diagnostic clue to CD. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2006;48:395-400)

이혈(耳穴)진단에서 Earlobe Crease와 고혈압의 관련성

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),김진희 ( Jin Hui Kim ),김락형 ( Lak Hyung Kim ) 경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.4

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between earlobe crease(ELC) and Hypertension(HTN) in the auricular point diagnosis. Methods: 140 patients who were admitted the Jeongeup City Geriatric Hospital were examined for the presence or absence of ELC and HTN. The one examined the ELC of patients and the other examined the presence of hypertension. The presence of right ELC, left ELC, right or left ELC, and right and left ELC were respectively compared with the presence of HTN. Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between ELC and HTN. Results: The presence of right ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.755, 0.524, 0.787, and 0.478. The presence of left ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p=0.002). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.745, 0.524, 0.785, and 0.468. The presence of right or left ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.806, 0.500, 0.790, and 0.525. The presence of right and left ELCs was significantly related to presence of HTN (p=0.007). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.694, 0.548, 0.782, and 0.434. Conclusions: These results show that the presence of ELC is significantly associated with hypertension.

Levofloxacin-Azithromycin 병합 삼제요법을 이용한 Helicobacter pylori 제균

강문수 ( Mun Su Kang ),박동일 ( Dong Il Park ),윤중원 ( Jung Won Yun ),오세용 ( Se Yong Oh ),유태우 ( Tae Woo Yoo ),박정호 ( Jung Ho Park ),김홍주 ( Hong Joo Kim ),조용균 ( Yong Kyun Cho ),손정일 ( Chong Il Sohn ),전우규 ( Woo Kyu 대한소화기학회 2006 대한소화기학회지 Vol.47 No.1