일본의 저작권 침해구제 관련 법제도

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 세창출판사 2016 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.85

In Japan, copyright protection is based on various laws besides copyright law, and relief for copyright infringement is based on civil and criminal relief provisions stipulated in copyright law and related laws. In order to cope with copyright infringement, the copyright owner uses various relief systems such as civil litigation, criminal lawsuit, mediation system, etc. However, there are some differences in the level of sentencing for specific criminal punishment and the provisions on civil litigation. And in Japan, copyright owners basically do civil litigation rather than criminal lawsuit. However, it is difficult to find a systematic summary of the Japanese legal system related to copyright infringement relief, and it seems meaningful to summarize it at this point. Therefore, this paper examines the characteristics and status of copyright law and related laws, copyright infringements, civil relief systems, criminal relief systems, and copyright infringement remedies in Japan in order to study the legal system related to copyright infringement remedy in Japan.

저작권법상 변환에 관한 연구

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 세창출판사 2013 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.70

The copyright law authorizes the exclusive rights of reproduction, distribution and the production of derivative works to the owner of author's property rights of computer programs. Therefore, if the reproduction and the production of derivative works would exceed a permitted scope under the copyright law or by the copyright owner, then the author might be entitled to claiming his or her rights against such an infringement. Opponents of reverse engineering have attempted to forbid reverse engineering by utilizing this framework of principle in the copyright law. And as the reproduction and translation may take place in the disassembly and decompilation process, the subparagraph 34 of article 2 of the copyright law defined the act of decompilation of program codes as reproduction and translation, and so the article 101-4 permitted reverse engineering by restricting the author's property right concerning the reproduction and translation. Meanwhile, there are the points in controversy under this provision. one of the points is that it is difficult to say that the term 'translation' is something to be defined as an assortment out of author's property rights. In this aspect, 'translation' of what the the subparagraph 34 of article 2 describes is worth materializing its meaning. Therefore, this study looks further into both the meaning of 'translation' and the interpretations on 'translation' and their problems in copyright law, and then proposes that the need to interpret that the term 'translation' is defined as the production of derivative works out of author's property rights or amend the related provision of the copyright law arises against the mentioned matters as regards the 'translation' of the subparagraph 34 of article 2.

기술적 보호조치 무력화 금지 예외 설정에 관한 연구

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 숭실대학교 법학연구소 2017 法學論叢 Vol.38 No.-

우리 정부는 2018년 1월 31일에 기술적 보호조치의 무력화 금지에 대한 예외를 세 번째로 고시하여 시행할 예정이다. 저작권법이 추구하고 있는 것과는 달리 접근통제 기술적 보호조치가 ‘저작자의 권리와 이에 인접하는 권리’의 보호와 ‘저작물의 공정한 이용’에 심각한 불균형을 가져올 수 있다는 점에서, 이러한 고시의 제정은 이용자의 권익을 보호하기 위해 반드시 필요한 조치이다. 그런데 이와 같은 고시(안)의 마련을 위해서는 다양한 연구 및 의견수렴이 이뤄져야 할 것이지만, 해외 룰메이킹 사례와 관련한 기초연구에 주로 의존하여 왔다고 할 수 있다. 또한 이와 관련한 주요 연구 결과들은 주로 미국, 호주 및 싱가포르의 룰메이킹 결과를 검토하는 것에 기초하였다. 그렇지만 고시(안)은 권리자 또는 이용자의 권리를 심각하게 훼손할 가능성도 내재하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문은 우선 미국, 호주 및 싱가포르의 룰메이킹 결과를 간략하게 검토한 이후에, 우리나라 고시(안)의 마련과 관련하여 몇 가지 고려사항으로 문제점과 그 해결 방안에 대해 살펴보았다. On January 31, 2018, the korean government is to announce the notification on additional exemptions from prohibition on circumvention of copyright protection systems for access control technologies. The enactment of such notification is essential to protect the interests of the user in that technological protection measure could unjustifiably cause the serious imbalance in the protection of the author"s right and the fair use of the works. And, in order to prepare it, it is very important to do various research and opinion gathering. However, it can be said that it has relied heavily on basic researches related to overseas rulemaking cases. And the main research results related to the notification have mainly based on reviewing rulemaking results of United States, Australia and Singapore. However, the notification has the possibility that the rights of the right holder or the user may be seriously damaged. Therefore, after briefly reviewing the results of rulemaking in the United States, Australia and Singapore, this paper discussed the problems and their solutions related to the preparation of the notification as some considerations.

일본 FX 거래 소프트웨어 복제ㆍ번안 사건의 시사점

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 세창출판사 2014 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.74

FX trading software case terminated in 2009 occurred in the case of a relatively recent event. In this case it was not clearly stated whether the defendant's conduct for the reverse engineering of the program is for the program in object code or in source code. However, it can be seen by the content of the judgment that the reverse engineering in this case is related to the program in source code. This case is related to reverse engineering in the process of the development of computer programs, the reproduction and adaptation of computer programs concomitant with it, and the problem over the civil rights abuse. Therefore, This case has significant implications in that it provides a new interpretation and direction to resolve problems on reverse engineering of computer programs.

기술적 보호조치에 관한 호주 입법 논의의 시사점

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 한국정보법학회 2014 정보법학 Vol.18 No.1

호주는 미국과의 자유무역협정에 따라 저작권법(Copyright Act 1968)을 개정하였고 2006년에는 기술적 보호조치에 관한 규정을 개정하고 추가적인 예외의 제안과 의견수렴, 장관의 규칙 제정 권고 및 총독의 규칙 제정의 절차(이하 “예외 설정 절차”라 한다)를 거쳐서 접근통제 기술적 보호조치의 무력화에 관한 추가적인 예외를 저작권규칙(Copyright Regulations 1969)에 규정하였다. 그리고 이렇게 2006년에 개정된 내용들은 2007년 1월 1일부터 시행되었다. 그리고 이러한 추가적인 예외에 대해 2012년부터 예외 설정 절차를 시행하고 있지만 아직까지 정부에서 이에 근거한 검토 결과를 발표하지 않고 있다. 또한 2013년에 상원의원에 의해 저작권법 개정안이 국회에 제출되었다. 이 개정안은 2013년 국회 회기 종료에 따라 논의가 지속되지 못했지만, 이후의 국회에서 계속하여 논의될 수 있다. 상기한 예외 설정 절차 및 저작권법 개정안에는 기술적 보호조치와 관련하여 우리가 고려할 만한 사안들이 포함되어 있다. 특히 저작권법 개정안을 중심으로 본다면 기술적 보호조치에 관한 사항들은 이미 예외 설정 절차에서 제시되었던 지역코드와 관련한 문제와 마라케시 조약과 관련한 시각장애인에 관한 사항을 포함하고 있다는점에서 의의가 있다. 우리나라는 기술적 보호조치의 무력화 금지에 대한 예외에 관한 문화체육관광부고시가 2012년 1월 31일에 고시되어 시행되고 있고, 2015년에 재차 고시를 할 예정이다. 따라서 본 논문은 호주에서의 기술적 보호조치에 대한 예외 설정 절차와 저작권 법 개정안 및 관련 논의를 검토하고 우리나라의 고시를 위한 시사점을 제시한다. In line with the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement, Australia made an amendment onto the Copyright Act 1968, and in 2006 revised the provisions on the technical protection measure, and then stipulated additional exceptive provisions pertaining to the circumvention of access control technological protection measure into the Copyright Regulations 1969, after going through the process of propositions and opinions (hereinafter called ‘rulemaking’). In this manner the amendments thus made in the year 2006 came into effect as from January 1, 2007. And then the additional exceptive provisions have been under the ‘rulemaking’ since the year 2012, the authorities concerned have yet to announce any outcome based thereon. In addition, in 2013 the Copyright Legislation Amendment(Fair Go for Fair Use) Bill 2013 was submitted to the Diet by Senator Ludlam. This Bill lapsed when Parliament was prorogued in 2013. However, in certain circumstances, the Bill may be proceeded within the next session of Parliament. Into the above-said ‘rulemaking’ and amendment Bill were included the issues deserving our consideration with regard to the technological protection measure. When focusing on Copyright Act amendment Bill, in particular, there appears to be a significance in that the issues about technological protection measure have already contained both the matters of geographic market segmentation by Geocode mechanisms as suggested under ‘rulemaking’ and those of the visually impaired and disabled relating to Marrakesh Tready. In case of Korea, Notification No. 2012-5 of Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism pertaining to the exceptive circumventing issues of technological protection measure was announced in force on January 31, 2012, which is slated to be announced again in 2015. With the above in mind, this study mainly investigates the ‘rulemaking’ and Copyright Act amendments about technological protection measure in issue of Australia, and presents some implications to preview the Notification to come in Korea.

소프트웨어와 컴퓨터프로그램의 법적 개념

강기봉(Kang, Gibong) 세창출판사 2017 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.88

The software and the computer program are used in a variety of meanings in related fields, and their legal significance may be different. These two terms are described in various laws of our country. In particular, patent act, copyright act, and software industry promotion act are often mentioned in legal discussions of two terms in the field of intellectual property. In principle, the software and the computer program are different concepts, but these terms tend to be used interchangeably in general and are often used indiscriminately in legal discussions. In addition, legal definitions may vary from country to country depending on the historical background, legal environment, policy, and etc. of the law. However, the legal definition is very important in that it clearly and concisely determines terms that may be controversial and even more so in that the subject or the scope of protection may vary depending on it. In this respect, it is necessary to examine how WIPO, the EU, the United States, Japan, and Korea define these. Accordingly, this study examines the software, the computer program and related concepts of laws related to these in Korea as well as the international legislative practice. And then, based on the results that examined, this study reviews the legal meaning and the differences of the software and the computer program and discusses the implications.

한의사의 의료영상장비 사용에 대한 방사선사의 인식도

최재호(JaeHo Choi),강기봉(GiBong Kang),김상현(SangHyun Kim),김태희(TaeHee Kim),김규형(GyooHyung Kim),이미화(MiHwa Lee),안중성(JungSeong Ahn),홍성완(SeongWan Hong),이재석(JaeSeok Lee),권익수(IckSu Kwon10),박재윤(JaeYoon Park) 대한방사선과학회 2017 방사선기술과학 Vol.40 No.1

한의사 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 방사선사의 인식도를 알아보고자 대한방사선사협회 영상의학기술학회의 회 원을 대상으로 자체적으로 개발한 설문지를 통하여 설문조사를 하였으며 총 응답 515명, 부적격 응답 34명을 제외 한 481명의 설문을 바탕으로 연구하였으며 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 거주지, 근무기관, 학력에 따른 인식도 차이에서 통계적 유의성을 보이지 않았으나 고학력일수록 포괄적인 의료 영상장비의 사용에는 동의하는 경향이 있었다. 그러나 특수의료영상장비의 사용에는 반대하는 경향이 보였다. 성 별에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 남성보다 여성에서 한의사 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 부정적 인식이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히 MRI나 CT, 초음파와 같은 특수의료영상장비를 이용하는 것에 대하여 남성보다 부정적인 경향이 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 연령에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 한의사의 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 20 ∼30대는 부정적, 40∼50대는 중립적, 60대에서 긍정적으로 나타났으며 모든 문항에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 근무경력에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 한의사의 의료기기 사용에 근무경력이 오래될수록 긍정적으로 나타났다. 특히 30년 이상의 근무경력에서 가장 긍정적 경향이 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 이번 연구를 통해 방사선사의 한의사 의료영상장비 사용의 인식을 알 수 있었으며, 이러한 연구 결과들은 앞으로의 국민 건강증진을 위한 방향성 제시에 기여할 것으로 생각된다. In order to examine how Radiological Technologists perceive the oriental doctor s use of Medical Imaging Equipment, surveys were conducted for the members of the Korean Radiological Technologists Association. The total number of respondents were 515 and 481, with 34 insincere responses removed caused of nonvalidated answer. The results of the analysis are as follows. Although there were no statistical significance in the difference in perception by location of residence, work place, and educational background, respondents with higher education showed a tendency to agree on the use of comprehensive medical imaging equipment, but tended to oppose the use of special medical imaging equipment. Differences in perception by gender showed a greater negative perception toward the oriental doctor s use of medical imaging equipment by women than men. In particular, women showed more negative tendency for oriental doctor s use of special medical imaging equipment such as MRI, CT, and ultrasound equipment compared to men, and this was statistically significant. The difference in perception by age showed that the oriental doctor s use of medical imaging equipment was negative in the 20∼30s, neutral in the 40∼50s, and positive in the 60s, which were statistically significant. The difference in perception by work experience showed that the longer the work experience was, the more positive it was toward oriental doctor s use of medical imaging equipment. Specifically, the most favorable tendency was found with work experience of more than 30 years, which was statistically significant. The results of this study revealed the Radiological Technologists perceptions on the oriental doctor s use of Medical Imaging Equipment and this can contribute to the direction of public health promotion in the future.