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천의한어(淺議漢語)"두(頭)"와(和) 한국어(韓語)"머리"의 사의확전특정(詞義擴展特征)
석견 ( Jian Shi ) 한국문학언어학회(구 경북어문학회) 2013 어문론총 Vol.59 No.-
Polysemy is a common existence in different languages. The meaning of vocabulary can generally be sorted into a "basic meaning" which is basic and frequently used and an "extended meaning" which derives from its basic meaning. In the semantic extension of vocabulary, the most basic and important cognitive modes are metonymy and metaphor. The thesis takes the Chinese word "頭" and the Korean word "머리" as objects on the basis of the definition in dictionaries, and it also analyses their characteristics of semantic extension with the theories of comparative linguistics and cognitive linguistics. According to what comes from the analysis, "頭" and "머리" share the same basic meaning and extended direction, that is, both can generally apply to people, items and abstract concepts. However, their extension methods and their concrete concepts in extension are not all the same. It is because that semantic extension is effected not only by internal factors of the language, but the external ones, for example, social circumstances, culture and technology development. The cognitive pattern of people in China varies from that of Korea due to cultural background of the two countries are not the same neither. Hence there are various differences in the semantic extension of "頭" and "머리".
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漢韓肢體詞認知動因的對比硏究 - 以漢語“手”和韓語“손”爲例-
석견 ( Jian Shi ),성윤숙 ( Yoon Suk Seong ) 한국문학언어학회(구 경북어문학회) 2014 어문론총 Vol.62 No.-
The general sense of a word includes the sense for fundamental used, frequently used and extended use. The use of metonymy and metaphor are crucial in the sense development of a word. This also applies to cognition of body words in both Chinese and Korean. The Chinese character ‘手’ fundamentally means hand, a part of the body. The ‘手’ also refers to a type of skill or someone who masters in any skill when metonymy and metaphor apply. The Korean character ‘손’ contains similar metaphoric meanings like ‘labor’, ‘right’, ‘calculation’ and etc. The way how two languages develop the extended meanings differentiate with each other and therefore, these meanings cannot be exactly equivalent. This study focus on the comparison of ‘手’ and ‘손’, by giving the explanation of both words first then compare their metaphoric meanings from the aspects of human, objects and abstract concept following the linguistics rules of human centralization. The study reveals that the metaphoric meanings of ‘手’ and ‘손’ share both similarities and differences in development. This is because apart from the factor of linguistics, others like cultural background and social environment influence people’s cognition of things, and thus such changed in cognition is reflected in the extension of metaphorical meaning of a word.
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石堅(Shi Jian) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2018 동양한문학연구 Vol.49 No.-
한국어 부사격 조사와 중국어 개사는 모두 허사(虛詞)에 속하는 것으로 많은 유사점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 대조언어학을 이론적 배경으로 하여, ‘대상 표지’ 즉 ‘대상을 나타내는’ 의미 기능에 있어 한국어 부사격 조 사에 상응하는 중국어 개사를 분석하고, 더 나아가 한국어 격조사와 중국어 개사에 대한 대조 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 우선 ‘대상 표지’ 의미 기능을 ‘행위가 영향이 미치는 대상’, ‘무엇을 받는 주체’, ‘주어에 대해 행위를 미치는 주체’, ‘관계를 맺거나 관련된 대상’, ‘비교와 비유의 대상’ 그리고 ‘행동이나 상태의 한정된 범위’ 등 여섯 가지로 분류하여 각 의미기능에서 한국어 부사격 조사에 상응하는 중국어 표현을 살펴본 결과, 모든 경우에 한국어 부사격 조사가 중국어 개사에 상응하는 것이 아니라 어떤 경우에는 개사 형식이 아닌 다른 요소로 표현된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 본 논문에서는 문장 중의 위치, 문장 구성, 어휘 변천 등 여러 면에서 한국어 부사격 조사와 중국어 개사에 대한 대조 분석을 통해 한국어 조사와 중국어 개사가 가진 양자의 특징을 살펴 볼 수 있었다. Both case auxiliaries in Korean and preposition in Chinese fall into the category of function words with many conceptual similarities. Based on the linguistic theory, the paper analyzes and compares the literal translation between adverbial case auxiliaries in Korean and preposition in Chinese in the category of object. The paper firstly further divides the “category of object” into the following six aspects: “object directly affected by action behavior”, “receiver”, “activity subject”, “related object”, “comparison or metaphor object” and “limited range”, and studies the Chinese translation of Korean adverbial case auxiliaries for each aspect. The paper finds that not all the adverbial case auxiliaries in Korean are equivalent to the preposition in Chinese. Base on the comparison result, the paper makes a comparative analysis about the adverbial case auxiliaries in Korean and preposition in Chinese from such aspects as sentential position, sentence composition and word development, therefore making a conclusion about the respective features of case auxiliaries in Korean and preposition in Chinese.
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