Tropane Spirohydantoin들의 합성 및 구조분석

정대일,이도훈,송주현,이용균,최순규,박유미,한정태 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2006 硏究報告 Vol.28 No.1

The tropane ring system is an important substructure in a number of natural products and synthetic compounds of biological and medicinal importance. As a result of the significance of the tropane ring system, the purpose of this study is the synthesis of anticonvulsant compounds of new s tructure anticipated anticonvulsant activity. After we first synthesized the various N-substituted nortropinone derivatives, we prepared new nortropane alkaloids and nortropinone derivatives. Substantially, we tried several experiments to optimize reaction condition. The tropane spirohydantoins 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 were respectively synthesized by the treatment of corresponding N-substituted nortropinone with potassium cyanide and ammonium carbonate.

다이프로피온산 베클로메타손과 부데소니드의 투여 용량에 따른 코르티솔 농도와 변화

이영승,김종구,이양근,최수미,송하숙,이용철 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

Background: Topical inhaled steroids, budesonide (Bu) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) is now established in the management of chronic: asthma. These have high topical anti-inflammatory activity but low systemic activity. This study was performed to determine the effects of two inhaled corticosteroids, Bu and BDP, on the adrenocortical supression in thirty patients, eighteen chronic obstructive pumonary diseases and twelve bronchial asthma (aged 33-76 years). Methods: The adrenocortical function was assessed by measurement of plasma cortisol concentration at 8 o' clock in morning and free cortisol in 24-hour urine collection at interval, No steroid was taken during the pretreatment period of 10 days, thereafter each subject inhaled Bu or BDP aerosol, in daily doses of 800 or 1,600 micrograms for 12 days. The dose was delieved by metered dose inhaler (MDI) or diskhaler. No steroid was taken during the final 6 days of the study. Results: The plasma cortisol and 24-hour urinary free cortisol were decreased during the treatment period in patients inhaled Bu in daily doses of 800 and 1,600 micrograms. In contrast, plasma cortisol was decreased on the 12th day of treatment period in patients inhaled RDP, in daily doses of 800 micrograms (P less than 0.05). The plasma cortisol and 24-hour urinary free cortisol were decreased (P less than 0.05) on the 9 and 12 th day of treatment period in patients inhaled BDP in daily doses of 1,600 micrograms. Conclusion: These results suggested that suppression of the endogenous cortisol secretion occurs at inhaled budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate is less suppressed on the adrenocortical function than budesonide in dose dependent fashion during the early periods,

Chemical Bath Deposition 방법으로 제작한 CdSe 박마의 특성

신영진,홍광준,이상열,유상하,서상석,문종대,신현길,김택성,송정훈,유기수,정태수 한국센서학회 1993 센서학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Polycrystalline CdSe thin films were grown on ceramic substrate using a chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. They were annealed at various temperature and X-ray diffraction patterns were measured by X-ray diffractometer in order to study CdSe polycrystal structure. Using extrapolation method of X-ray diffraction patterns for the CdSe samples annealed in N₂ gas at 450℃ it was found hexagonal structure whose lattice parameters a_o and c_o were 4.302 A and 7.014 A, respectively. Its grain size was about 0.3 ㎛. Hall effect on this sample was measured by Van der Pauw method and studied on carrier density and mobility depending on temperature. From Hall data, the mobility was likely to be decreased by piezo electric scattering at temperature range of 33 K and 200 K, and by polar optical scattering at temperature range of 200 K and 293 K. We measured also spectral response, sensitivity (γ), maximum allowable power dissipation and response time on these samples.

제 2 형 당뇨병에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관 합병증의 대비

강문호,이기영,정연실,김홍규,서찬종,송광식,박혜영,이원기 대한당뇨병학회 2001 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.2

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous disease. As to its complications, microangiopathy predominantly develop in some patients while macroangiopathy is more predominant in others. Therefore, this study was performed to identify the factors associated with such dissociation. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients were classified into the macro and microangiopathy groups by carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) and the presence of severe diabetic retinopathy. Patients with IMT ≤ 0.83 mm and severe NPDR or PDR were assigned to microangiopathy group; those with IMT 0.84 mm and no diabetic retinopathy were assigned to macroangiopathy group. Of 95 patients studied, 14 were classified as microangiopathy group and 20 as macroangiopathy group. Results: When the microangiopathy and macroangiopathy groups were compared, the microangiopathy group were significantly younger at the time of examination and at the onset of diabetes, and had longer duration of diabetes. Percentage of patients receiving insulin treatment was significantly higher and plasma C-peptide significantly lower in the microangiopathy group. However, HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the macroangiopathy group. Furthermore, the multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that younger onset of type 2 diabetes was an independent factor that was associated with the acceleration of microangiopathy. Conclusion: This study suggests that the age at onset of diabetes is an important independent risk factor that is associated with predominant development of microangiopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.

차동 플로팅매스형 전자 트랜스듀서를 이용한 이식형 인공중이의 실험적 평가

송병섭,김명남,조진호,정주영,김동만,이건일 경북대학교 전자기술연구소 2001 電子技術硏究誌 Vol.22 No.2

Recently, implantable middle ear hearing system have attracted hearing impaired person's attention because it can overcome the disadvantages of conventional hearing aids such as sound distortion, sound feedback and howling effect. In this study, implantable middle ear hearing system, using DFMT(differential floating mass type) transducer that has two magnets glued with the same pole facing was evaluated by performing several experiments. The results of vibration experiments using DFMT transducer showed several advantages such as high vibration efficiency, good frequency response, minimal influencing by external magnetic flux, etc. And the results of the ABR(auditory brainstem response) test using guinea pig proved the performance of transducer in the animal's body and the possibility of clinical application of the implantable middle ear system for mild to severe hearing loss patients.

변형된 트랜스듀서 및 FM을 이용한 이식형 인공중이 시스템의 전력효율 개선

윤영호,원철호,송병섭,정영숙,김명남,박세광,이상흔,조진호 경북대학교 전자기술연구소 1997 電子技術硏究誌 Vol.18 No.2

In design of implantable middle ear system, it is necessary that the system has a high power-transfer efficiency because die internal circuit of the system has no power source. The FM transmission method transfers the signal power more efficiently than AM method because AM signal has large carrier component which act as the loss. Therefore, an implantable middle ear system using FM transmission and receiving method is proposed. And the new shape of vibrating transducer which vibrate more efficiently than the conventional type was designed. This tranducer is consisted of coil and small T-type cylindrical permanent magnet. The differences between conventional methods and proposed methods are investigated and compared through quantitive analysis. The advantages of proposed methods are proved by experiments.

원산지가 다른 대두박의 육성돈 성장능력

김재황,유성오,송영민,김창현,고영두 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.6

육성돈 단백질 사료로서 원산지가 다른 대두박과 이들 원료에 어분을 3%씩 대체하여 배합한 한국산 대두박(KSBM), 중국산 대두박(CSBM), 인도산 대두타(ISBM), 한국산 대두박 + 어분(KSF), 중국산 대두박 + 어분(CSF) 및 인도산 대두박 + 어분(ISF)의 6처리구를 공시하여 급여한 육성돈의 중체량, 사료섭처량 및 사료효율을 구명하고자 60일간의 사양시험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 원산지별 대두박의 총 아미노산 함량은 한국산 대두박이 34.7%로서 다른 대두박에 비하여 높았으나 중국산 대두박은 25.3%로서 가장 낮았다. 어분의 총 아미노산 함량은 54.7%로서 대두박보다 현저히 우수하였다. 대두박과 어분의 필수아미노산 중에서는 Arginine, Leucine 및 Lysine 함량이 높았고 비필수아미노산 중에서는 Aspartic acid와 Glutamic acid 함량이 높았다. 2 총 중체량과 1일중체량은 원산지별 대두박간에는 ISBM구(36.6 및 0.61 ㎏)가 타처리구에 비하여 높은 경향이였으나 이들 대두박의 일부분을 어분으로 대체한 ISF구 타처리구와 비슷하였다. 3. 총 사료섭취량은 원산지별 대두박간에는 ISBM구(82.9㎏)가 타 처리구에 비하여 낮았으나 이들 대두박의 일부분을 어분으로 대체하였을 때 타처리구 에 비하여 ISF구(89.1㎏)가 높은 경향을 나타내었고, 일당 사료섭취량과 사료효율은 각각 1.38∼1.48 및 2.23∼2.48 범위로서 처리구간에 차이가 없었다. This studies were performed to compare the effects of various prorein sources such as Korean soybean meal (KSBM), Chinese soybean meal (CSBM) and Indian soybean meal (ISBM), and Korean soybean meal + Fish meal (KSF), Chinese soybean meal + Fish meal (CSF) and Indian soybean meal + Fish meal (ISF) replaced 5 percent of their soybean meals by 3 percent of fish meal on the body wight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency of growing pigs. A total of 108 pigs with average body weight of 20 ㎏ were assigned in Completely Randomized Design (6 × 3 × 6) for feeding trial. The results obtained are as followed. 1. Total amino acid contents of soybean meals according to origin were the highest in KSBM (34.7%), the lowest in CSBM (25.3%), and those of fish meal were higher than those of soybean meals. Of the indispensable amino acids of soybean meals and fish meal, arginine, lysine and leucine contents were higher, and of the dispensable amino acids, aspartic acid and glutamic acid were higher than other amino acid contents. 2. Total and daily body weight gain of pigs fed diets without addition of fish meal were slightly better in pigs fed ISBM diet (36.6 and 0.61 ㎏) than in pigs fed other diets without significant differences, but those of pigs fed ISF diet were similar to those of pigs fed other diets with addition of fish meal. 3. Total feed intake of pigs fed diets without addition of fish meal were lower in pigs fed 1SBM diet (82.9 ㎏) than in pigs fed other diets, but that of pigs fed ISF diet (89.1 ㎏) were higher than in pigs fed other diets with addition of fish meal. Daily feed intake and feed efficiency of pigs fed six different diets with or without fish meal were in the range of 1.38∼1.48 ㎏ and 2.23∼2.48 without significant differences.

원산지가 다른 대두박의 육성돈 생체내 아미노산 이용률

김재황,유성오,송영민,박성진,고영두 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.6

육성돈 단백질 사료로서 원산지가 다른 대두박 및 이들 원료에 어분을 3%씩 대체하여 배합한 한국산 대두박(KSBM), 중국산 대두박(CSBM), 인도산 대두박(ISBM), 한국산 대두박 + 어분(KSF), 중국산 대두박 + 어분(CSF) 및 인도간 대두박 + 어분(ISF)의 6처리구를 공시하여 생체내 아미노산 이용율을 루명하고자 (T-cannula가 장착된 6두의 돼지를 6 × 6 Latin 방각법으로 배치한 후) 대사 시험을 실시하였으며, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 외관상 Fecal 아미노산 소화율은 모든 처리구 중에서 ISBM구가 다소 높았고 CSBM구가 낮았으나 거의 비슷한 경향이였으며, 대두박의 일정량을 어분으로 대체하므로서 다른 어분 대체구보다 중국산 대두박에 어분을 대체한 CSF구의 소화율이 상당히 증진되었다. 각 처리구의 필수아미노산중에서는 arginine, histidine 및 methionine의 소화율이 높았고 비필수아미노산 중에서는 glutamic acid의 소화율이 높았다. 2. 외관상 ileum 아미노산 소화율은 모든 처리구 중에서 KSBM구가 86.6%로서 가장 높았고 CSBM구가 80.1%로 낮았으나 대두박의 일정량을 어분으로 대체하므로서 다른 어분 대체구보다 중국산 대두박에 어분을 첨가한 CSF구의 소화율이 증진되었다. 각 처리구의 필수아미노산 중에서는 arginine, histidine 및 methionine의 소화율이 높았고 비필수아미노산 중에서는 glutamic acid의 소화율이 높았다. 3. Fecal 아미노산 소화율에서 ileum 아미노산 소화율을 뺀 차이로서 가장 큰 차이는 CSBM 및 KSF구에서 나타났으며, 각 처리구의 필수아미노산 중에서 가장 큰 차이는 KSBM, ISBM, KSF 및 CSF구에서는 threonine이였고, CSBM구에서는 valine이며, ISF구에서는 phenylalanine이였다. 비필수아미노산 중에서 가장 큰 차이는 KSBM, CSF 및 ISF구에서는 glycine이였고, CSBM, ISBM 및 KSF구에서는 proline이였다. This studies were performed to compare the effects of various prorein sources such as Korean soybean meal (KSBM), Chinese soybean meal (CSBM) and Indian soybean meal (ISBM), and Korean soybean meal + Fish meal (KSF), Chinese soybean meal + Fish meal (CSF) and Indian soybean meal + Fish meal (ISF) replaced 5 percent of their soybean meals by 3 percent of fish meal on the amino acid digestibility of growing pigs. Six pigs fitted with a simple T-cannula were assigned in 6 × 6 Latin Square Disign for digestion trial. The results obtained were as followed. 1. Apparent fecal amino acid digestibility of the ISBM was a little higher than any other treatments, and digestibility of the CSBM was the lowest of all the treatments, and the digestibility of the CSF treatments which replaced a fixed quantity of the CSBM by fish meal was grown much more than the others. The digestibility of Arginine, Histidine, and Methionine were higher on the essential amino acids of each treatments, and the digestibility of glutamic acid was higher on the non-essential amino acids. 2. Apparent Ileum amino acid digestibility of KSBM(86.6%) was the highest of all the treatments, but that of CSBM(80.1%) was the lowest, As replacing CSBM by a fish meal, the digestibility of CSF was improved. The digestibilities of Arginine, Histidine, and Methionine were higher on the essential amino acids, and the digestibility of Glutamic acid was higher on the non-essential amino acids. 3. When fecal amino acid digestibility was subtracted by Ileum amino acid digestibility, the highest difference appeared at CSBM and KSF. The highest difference on the essential amino acid of each treatment was that Threonine is KSBM, ISBM, KSF and CSF, Valine is CSBM, phenylalanine is ISF. The highest difference on the non-essential amino acid was that Glycine is KSBM, CSF and ISF, proline is CSBM, ISBM and KSF.

사료내 아미노산비가 흰쥐의 성장 , 도체성분 , 조직 유리아미노산 농도 및 뇨내 질소배설량에 미치는 영향

신종서,라창식,김창혁,김병완,송영한 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

본 논문에서는 아미노산 혼합사료를 이용하여 사료내 질소 수준을 1.6N%로 일정하게 조절한 후 ET%의 단계적 변화(30, 50, 70ET%)가 휜쥐의 성장, 체성분, 혈중요소태 질소, 조직내 유리아미노산 농도 및 뇨중 질소량 변화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같이 요약되었다. 1. 증체량은 30ET%구에서 유의적으로 낮게(P<0.05) 나타났으나 사료섭취량은 50ET%구에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 증체량과 사료섭취량간에는 높은 상관이 인정되었다. 2. 도체 및 간장의 성분은 사료내 ET%의 변화에 의한 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 혈중 유리아미노산의 농도는 사료내 ET%의 변화에 민감하게 반응하였으며 특히 threonine 농도는 30ET%구에 비하여 70ET%구가 약 35배 정도로 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 또한 총 필수아미노산의 농도는 사료내 ET%의 증가에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였으나 비필수아미노산 농도는 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 간장 및 근육내 총필수아미노산과 비필수아미노산의 농도도 혈중 아미노산의 농도 변화와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 4. 사료내 ET%에 따른 질소 배설량은 저 ET%구에 비하여 고 ET%구에서 높게 나타났으며 사육초기 보다 사육후기에 높은 질소 배설량을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 사료내 아미노산 조성은 중체량과 사료섭취량에 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 조직내 아미노산 농도 및 질소 배설량에도 영향을 주기 때문에 정제 아미노산을 사료에 첨가할 때에는 비필수아미노산의 함량도 고려함으로서 효율적으로 사료의 이용성을 중진시키는 방향을 모색하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 사료된다. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ET(essential amino acid/total amino acid) ratio variations (30, 50, 70 ET%) in the feeds on growth, body composition, blood urinary nitrogen, concentration of free amino acids in tissues and urinary nitrogen of rats. The nitrogen level in feed was constantly maintained at 1.6% with a purified amino acid, despite the difference in ET ratios. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Body weight gain and feed intake was significantly lower and higher in 30 and 50 ET% than in other groups, respectively(P<0.05), and body weight gain was highly correlated with feed intake. 2. No ET% ratio effects on composition of carcass and liver were observed. 3. The concentration of plasma free amino acids varied with ET% ratios in the feeds, especially the concentration of threonine in 70 ET% was 35 times higher than that in 30 ET%. The concentration of total essential amino acids was significantly elevated by increasing ET% ratios in the feeds. In liver and muscle, the patterns of total essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids were similar to that of plasma amino acids. 4. Urinary nitrogen concentration increased with higher ratios of ET% in the feeds, and was higher in early growth stage than in late growth stage. These results indicate that the amino acid composition in the feeds influence the concentration of amino acids in tissue and urinary nitrogen as well as body weight and feed intake.

Trichoepithelioma 1 예

송준영,김윤원 대한피부과학회 1975 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.13 No.3

Trichoepithelioma is a heritable disorder of non sex linked autosomal dominant trait. A case of 31 years old male with trichoepithelioma is reported. The skin lesions are characterized by multiple waxy shiny, skin colored, firm papules scattered on the nasolabial folds, forehead and eyelids. Seven of his family, four males and three females, through three generations have similar skin lesions. Literatures are briefly reviewed for discussion of clinical and histopathological findings of this disease.