Effects of Sulfur Dioxide on Carbon and Sulfur Assimilation, and lon Uptake by Barley(Hordeum vulgare)and Corn(Zea mays)

林善旭,柳長杰 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 1985 연구보고 Vol.1 No.-

아황산가스에 민감한 보리(향천과1호)와 저항성이 큰 것으로 알려진 옥수수(수원19호)를 사용해서 아황산가스의 식물체 지상부에 의한 흡수와 탄소동화작용 및 무기 이온들의 흡수와 전이에 미치는 영향을 광조건과 암조건에서 그리고 15℃의 저온과 25℃의 고온에서 관찰했다. 아황산가스 처리 수준은 0, 3, 10ppm이였고, 방사성동위원소를 이용한 추적자법으로 수행되었다. 시험결과를 요약하면, 1. 본 조건에서는 SO₂에 의한 가시피해가 두 가지 작물 모두에서 발견되지 않았고, 보리와 옥수수의 SO₂처리에 따른 엽록소 함량변화도 적었다. 2. 잎의 기공은 광 및 암조건 그리고 온도에 관계없이 SO₂처리에 의해서 닫혀졌고, 특히 보리는 옥수수보다 훨씬 더 많이 기공이 닫혔다. 3. 2일 간격으로 한 시간씩 SO₂를 처리하면서 3주간 생육시킨 보리 및 옥수수의 건물량과 초장은 모두 SO₂처리에 의해서 감소되었다. 이들의 무기물 조성을 보면 보리는 옥수수보다 인산, 망간, 아연의 함량이 많았고, 아황산가스 처리를 받은 보리 및 옥수수에서는 철(Fe) 함량이 현저히 증가되었다. 4. 3ppm의 SO₂로 처리했을 경우 보리는 옥수수 보다 많은 SO₂를 엽면 흡수했으나, 10ppm 농도에서는 오히려 옥수수가 보리보다 더 많은 SO₂를 흡수했었다. 고온(25℃)과 광의 조사는 SO₂흡수를 촉진시켰다. 지상부로부터 뿌리로의 유황전이는 3ppm의 SO₂처리가 10ppm에서 보다 컸다. 암조건은 광조건에 비해서 유황 전이율을 증가시켰다. 동화된 유황중에서 80% 알콜 추출분획은 15℃에서 보다는 25℃의 SO₂처리시에 더 많았고, 반대로 수용성분획은 15℃보다 25℃에서 적었다. 흡수된 SO₂의 아미노산으로의 전환율은 광조건 보다는 암조건에서 더욱 증가되었고 10ppm의 SO₂처리시에는 3ppm 경우보다 전환율이 낮아졌다. 5. 탄소동화작용 및 동화산물의 뿌리에의 이행은 SO₂처리에 의해서 현저하게 감소되었다. 옥수수는 보리보다 광합성능이 큰 것으로 관찰되었고 SO₂에 의한 광합성 저해 정도는 보리에서 더 크게 나타났다. 보리에서는 탄소의 glucose, sucrose 및 fructose로의 전환율이 3ppm 및 10ppm SO₂처리에 의해서 증가되었다. 아미노산을 주성분으로 하는 양이온 교환수지치환성 분획은 광조건에서 3ppm 및 10ppm SO₂처리에 의해서 보리나 옥수수의 지상 및 지하부에서 모두 증가되었다. 6. 뿌리를 통한 유황 ?? 의 흡수는 SO₂처리에 의해서 큰 영향을 받지 않았으나, 뿌리에서 지상부로의 전이는 광조건에서 많이 저하되었다. 80% 알콜 추출분획함량(%)은 SO₂처리에 따라 보리와 옥수수에서 모두 감소되었다. 보리뿌리중의 80% 알콜 추출분획은 옥수수 뿌리에서 보다 더 많았지만 수용성 분획은 그 반대의 경향이었다. 뿌리로 흡수된 유황의 아미노산 전환율은 3ppm 및 10ppm SO₂처리에 의해서 증가되었고, 보리보다는 옥수수에서 더욱 컸다. Cysteine은 모든 실험조건에서 methionine보다 더 많이 생성되었다. 7. 보리뿌리에 의한 Fe, K흡수는 3ppm 및 10ppm SO₂처리에 의해서 촉진된 반면에 H₂O, Cl, P, Cu, Zn의 흡수는 오히려 감소되었다. 보리에서 지상부로의 전이율은 Ca, Fe, K는 SO₂처리 농도가 높음에 따라 증가되었으나, H₂O, Cu, Mn, Cl, Zn, P는 감소되었다. 8. 옥수수뿌리에 의한 Fe, Cu, Ca, 흡수는 SO₂처리에 의해서 촉진된 반면에 H₂O, Zn, Mn, Cl, P는 감소되었다. 옥수수에서 지상부로의 전이율은 Ca, Fe의 경우 SO₂처리에 따라 증가되었으나, Zn, Cl, H₂O, K, Mn, S, Cu는 감소되었다. 9. 이상으로부터 보리는 광합성 능력이 옥수수보다 낮으며 SO₂에 의한 광합성 저해 정도가 더욱 심하였고 무기이온 흡수는 Cl, K를 제외한 다른 원소의 요구도가 옥수수보다 훨씬 컸으며 한편 SO₂에 의한 양분흡수 및 전이의 촉진(Fe, Ca) 또는 감소(H₂O, Cl등) 되는 정도 역시 옥수수보다 더 큼을 알 수 있었다. 이같은 특성이 보리의 SO₂민감성에 관계된다고 추리된다. 한편 80% ethanol 추출분획중의 유황성분 함량이 옥수수보다 더 큰 반면 함유황 아미노산으로의 전환율은 옥수수가 더 큰 현상이 SO₂에 대한 저항성과 어떠한 관련이 있는지에 대해서 본 실험결과로는 충분히 해석되지 않는다. The effects of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) on carbon and sulfur assimilation, and on absorption and translocation of various kinds of inorganic ions and water were studied introducing barley (Hordeum vulgare L., Hyangcheongua-1) susceptible to SO₂and corn (Zea mays L., Suwon-19) resistant species. Three levels (0, 3, and 10ppm v/v) of SO₂fumigation were carried out in light or dark condition, and at two different temperatures (15℃ and 25℃). Radioisotope techniques were employed to investigate the conversion percentage of inorganic sulfate, SO₂and CO₂into the organic compounds and to observe the degree of inhibition or acceleration of water and ion uptake by SO₂treatment.The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. Under the conditions of the present study no visible symptoms of the effect of SO₂on the plants were found. Little change of total chlorophyll content was observed from the barley and corn fumigated with SO₂. 2. Average stomatal opening was clearly influenced by fumigation of SO₂regardless of light and temperature conditions. Barley closed the stomata much more than corn. 3. Dry matter weight and plant height were measured for the barley and corn grown for three weeks fumigated with SO₂every day. Measurments showed that both barley and corn were affected by SO₂, losing their dry matter weight and plant height according to the fumigation dose. Concentrations of P, Mn and Zn in barley were higher than those of corn. Iron content increased with the fumigation dose of SO₂in barley and corn. 4. Barley absorbed much more SO₂than corn when fumigated with 3ppm SO₂but corn took up a higher amount of SO₂than barley at 10ppm SO₂High temperature and light condition accelerated SO₂absorption by plants. The translocation rate of sulful from shoot to root at 3ppm ofSO₂fumigation was much higher than that of 10ppm. Dark condition increased the translocation rate when compared with light condition. The percentages of ethanol soluble fraction at 25℃ of fumigation in the dark was found to be higher than that of 15℃ while the percentages of water soluble fraction of 25℃ fumigation was lower than that of 15℃. The conversion rates of the absorbed sulful dioxide to amino acids (methionine and cysteine) increased more in the dark than in the light. Fumigation of 10ppm SO₂reduced the conversion rate compared with 3ppm. 5. The fixation of carbon dioxide as well as the translocation of ?? C-compound from shoot to root was inhibited by SO₂fumigation. Corn had a higher capability of photosynthesis than barley which was severely affected by SO₂. Glucose formation as well as fructose plus sucrose in the barley was found to increase with SO₂fumigation. The fraction absorbed by cation exchange resin. composed mainly of amino acids, increased in the shoots and roots of barley and corn according to SO₂fumigation (3ppm and 10ppm) in the light. 6. Sulfate absorption by plant roots was not influenced by SO₂fumigation but the translocation of sulfate from root to shoot was reduced in the light. The 80% ethanol soluble fraction in the shoots of barley and corn decreased with SO₂fumigation in the light. The percentages of 80% ethanol soluble fraction in the barley roots were much higher than those in the corn roots while the water soluble fraction had the opposite tendency. The conversion rates of sulfate absorbed through the roots into methionine and cysteine increased with SO₂fumigation and were much higher in the corn plants than in the barley. There was always more cysteine produced than methionine. 7. Fe and K uptake by the roots of barley was accelerated but H₂O, Cl, P, Cu and Zn were reduced by SO₂fumigation. Translocation of Ca, Fe and K in the barley shoot was increased by SO₂while H₂O,Cu, Mn, Cl, Zn, and P were translocated less by SO₂fumigation. 8. Fe, Cu, and Ca uptake by the roots of corn was accelerated but H₂O, Zn, Mn, P and Cl were reduced by SO₂fumigation. Translocation of Ca and Fe in the corn shoot increased by SO₂fumigation while Cl, Zn, H₂O, K, Mn, S and Cu were translocated less by SO₂fumigation. 9. It can be concluded that SO₂sensitivity of barley resulted from its low photosynthesis which was much more inhibited by SO₂fumigation than that of corn. Barley absorbed more ions like ?? and ?? with the exception of ?? and ?? than corn while the degree of inhibition and stimulation in ion uptake by barley was more severe than that of corn. However the result can not correlate SO₂sensitivity of the plants with the fact that corn contained more sulfur in the 80% ethanol soluble fraction than barley while the rate of conversion into the sulfur containing amino acids was higher in corn than in barley.

SA-ASTM 주사기법에 의한 악취발생량 평가 및 무취공기 표준화에 관한 연구

김선태,배병욱,김학민,임경묵 대전대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구소 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

New methodology to evaluate the complex odor phenomenon was investigated, as called SA-ASTM(Sensor Aided ASTM ) syringe method. Specially we studied on the standardization of non-odorous air which is very important procedure in measuring odorous gas including our SA-ASTM syringe method. We examined the odor sensor value of standard hydrogen sulfide gas and non-odorous air made with ambient and cylinder air. The decision coefficient between H2S concentration and odor sensor value showed 0.992, and correlation formula between olfactory odor degree(Y) and odor sensor value(X) was Y =0.0039log(X) -0.4129. Also, it appeared that it was not appropriate to use ambient air itself because the odor level of ambient air varies with time, site, and situation. Instead we concluded that it was very effective for making the non-odorous air to use the cylinder air with traps which are composed of water, vacant tube, silicagel, charcoal vessels. The analysis results of odor samples by SA-ASTM syringe method using non-odorous air of this study explained the odor threshold and odor intensity well, which is the basic characteristics of odor and necessary data to use the odor dispersion model.

공공기관과 사기업의 고용차별금지에 관한 규제 순응도 분석

김선욱,임미영 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원 2002 여성학논집 Vol.19 No.-

This paper examines regulatory compliance to codes of employment discrimination in the public and private sectors and seeks multiple compliance-friendly policies to better cope with the present reality. We have reviewed regulatory compliance in the three categories of regulatory observance, regulatory recognition, and regulatory validity in task allocation, promotion and retirement. The findings of this research show that both the public and private sectors demonstrate high standards in regulatory observance, while they have low standards of regulatory recognition and regulatory validity in the prohibition of employment discrimination. This fact suggests both sectors are in need of non-voluntary compliance as substantive compliance is not equivalent to rule compliance in the area of the prohibition of gender-based employment discrimination. This study also reveals that there are greater inequalities in job-segregation by gender in the private sector and in task allocation and promotion in the public sector. Three compliance-friendly policies are proposed for both the public and private sectors as possible solutions to these problems: (1) the low regulatory compliance provisions become connected with personnel policy; (2) more empowerment and responsibility be given to public service personnel and the Ministry of Gender Equality; (3) further gender awareness training be provided to pubic and private personnel to diminish the discordance between regulatory observance and regulatory validity. It is imperative to transcend superficial observance, and ensure compliance in accordance with the spirit and purpose of the law in order to reduce gender-based discrimination in employment and the work place.

遊離窒素 固定 微生物의 分子生物學的 硏究 : Ⅱ. Cross-inoculation test with isolated Rhizobiol strains on Korean varieties of soybean and their N₂-fixing ability Ⅱ. 韓國 大豆品種에 대한 接種性과 窒素 固定能 試驗

金景旻,林善旭 서울大學校 農科大學 1985 서울대농학연구지 Vol.10 No.1

Present study was to examine the affinity of soybean varieties to R. japonicum strains through artificial cross-inoculation test. A pot culture experiment was conducted with 11 varieties of soybean and 9 selected strains of Rhizobium japonicum. The results are summarized as follows: 1. There were differences in nodule number, nodule fresh weight, acetylene reduction activity and plant nitrogen content with R. joponicum inoculation to soybean varieties. 2. The results of 3 selected strains inoculation to 11 soybean varieties showed high nitrogen fixing affinity in Jangyub, Backchun & Kwanggyo in case of S156 strain in Danyub, Kwanggyo & Whanggun in case of S203 strain and in Namchun, Backchun & Bongui in case of S252 strain. 3. The effects of 9 selected strains inoculation to 3 soybean varieties each showed high nodulation and nitrogen fixing ability in S101,S151&S252 strains to soybean Jangback, in S017,S154&S203strains to soybean Hill, and in S101& S104 strains to soybean Jangyub.

菜蔬의 連作障害에 關한 硏究 : I.菜蔬連作障害實態 I. Present Status of Soil Sickness in Continuous Vegetable Cropping

李炳馹,鄭厚燮,林善旭 서울大學校 農科大學 1983 서울대농학연구지 Vol.8 No.1

Present status of soil sickness in continuous vegetable cropping was investigated by means of interviews and field surveys. Investigations were made major vegetable crops such as Chinese cabbage, radish, red pepper, garlic,cucumber and others in the field or in the plastic house where a known vegetable crop was cultivated continuously for a long period. 1. In Chinese cabbage both for summer and autumn crops, bacterial soft rot was the most destructive one and followed by club root, root rot and boron deficiency in that order. 2. No serious soil sickness was generally observed in certain root crops such as radish and carrot except that root knot of carrot in Cheju. However,radish was damaged occasionally by Fusarium yellows and boron deficiency. 3. In general,Phytophthora rot and bacterial wilt were severe in red pepper, while nematode damages and bacterial canker occurred in a limited area. 4. With cucurbits,cucumber,muskmelon,and watermelon, although Fusarium wilt and stem blight were severe, those could be controlled by grafting Powdery mildew, grey mold and downey mildew occurred freqeuntly in the plastic house. 5. There were almost free from soil sickness problems in bulbous vegetable crops, garlic, onion and shallot. However root mite damage of shallot was severe and percentage of garlic blight has increased as increasing continuous cropping period with poor cultural practices. 6. Strawberry has damaged greatly by Fusarium yellows with incrcasing bud blight and that the cultivation is shifting toward the disease free land. 7. In lettuce, Sclerotinia soft rot, downey mildew and bacterial soft rot were prevalent and marginal leaf spot caused by Pseudomonas species on heading lettuce was severe in some areas. 8. There were severe damages of peanut due to root knot and Cercospora leaf spot while occasionally bacterial soft rot, and deficiencies of calcium and boron were observed in celeries.

Inhibition of Urea Hydrolysis and Nitrification in Upland Soils by Artemisia asiatica Extracts

Sun-Uk Lim(林善旭),Myonug-Ho Shin(申明鎬),Hyun-Jun Park(朴炫俊),Min-Kyun Kim(金敏均) 한국토양비료학회 1998 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.31 No.4

Laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection for gastric subepithelial tumors originated from the muscularis propria layer: a pilot study with literature review

Lim, Sun Gyo,Hur, Hoon,Han, Sang-Uk,Lee, Kee Myung,Kang, Joon Koo,Shin, Sung Jae,Cho, Yong Kwan,Kim, Jin Hong Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology Vol.52 No.3

<P>Conclusions: LAEFTR currently seems to be the ideal treatment modality of intraluminal gastric SETs where their resection margins are difficult to define under laparoscopic guidance alone.</P>

음지식물 인삼(Panax ginseng C . A . Meyer) 의 엽색소 구성에 대한 비교 연구

임선욱,이미경 한국농화학회 1986 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.29 No.2

The differences of pigment compositions in leaf chloroplast between sun and shade plant were analyzed to investigate the photo-induced destructive effects on shade species under the strong light. Ginseng was selected as a C-3 shade plant, soybean as C-3 sun species and corn as C-4 malate forming sun species. To study the effects of light, ginseng was divided into two subgroups; the 1 and 2 lines received sunlight a little more than those of 3 and 4 lines. Total amounts of chlorophylls, carotenes and xanthophylls were not considerably different among 3 and 4-lined ginseng, soybean and corn. However, the amounts of the three components of 1 and 2-lined ginseng and the chlorophylls content in corn leaves were smaller than those of others. The molar ratio of lutein to total carotenoids was significantly high in ginseng, that of violaxanthin was considerably high in corn and that of neoxanthin the highest in 1 and 2-lined ginseng among tested samples. Chlorophylls to carotenes ratio was 16.0 and highest in ginseng, 13.2 in soybean and 12.0 in corn. In 1 and 2-lined ginseng, the molar ratios of lutein and carotenes were lower while those of neoxanthin and violaxanthin were higher than those of the samples of more light. It was noticeable that an antheraxanthin-like epoxy carotenoid detected in soybean and corn leaves extracts was not observed in ginseng leaf extract.

土着大豆根瘤菌의 菌株 認識과 分類를 위한 血淸免疫學的 檢定

林善旭(Sun-Uk Lim),金敏均(Min-Kyun Kim) 한국토양비료학회 1988 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.21 No.2

大豆種實의 收量과 營養的 品質에 미치는 黃 施用의 效果

林善旭(Sun-Uk Lim),嚴柱阮(Joo-Wan Eom) 한국토양비료학회 1984 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.17 No.4