Azithromycin으로 치료한 임신 중 쓰쓰가무시병 1예

김광석,최진욱,서호종,김기훈,박성호,서광섭,고성만,김순혜,김호정 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.5

We report a case of tsutsugamushi disease in a 26 year-old pregnant woman who was treated with azithromycin. Her gestation period was 27 weeks and she admitted with fever, rash, and eschar on the right shoulder. Currently recommended medications for the treatment of scrub typhus are doxycycline or chloramphenicol. But, these drugs are class D drugs according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Fetal Risk Summary, so they couldn't be used to treat pregnant women. Recently, a few case reports suggested that azithromycin, a relatively new macrolide antibiotic, was effective and safe for the treatment of scrub typhus in pregnant women. And, there is no evidence that azithromycin causes harmful effects to the developing fetus or to children. On the basis of current in vivo test that confirms the effectiveness of azithromycin, it may be the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus in pregnant women and children. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:380-382, 2001)

Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Effects of TMC-256C1 from Marine-Derived Fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. SF-6354 via up-Regulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Murine Hippocampal and Microglial Cell Lines

Kim, Dong-Cheol,Cho, Kwang-Ho,Ko, Wonmin,Yoon, Chi-Su,Sohn, Jae Hak,Yim, Joung Han,Kim, Youn-Chul,Oh, Hyuncheol MDPI AG 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.4

<P>In the course of searching for bioactive secondary metabolites from marine fungi, TMC-256C1 was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the marine-derived fungus <I>Aspergillus</I> sp. SF6354. TMC-256C1 displayed anti-neuroinflammatory effect in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as well as neuroprotective effect against glutamate-stimulated neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. TMC-256C1 was shown to develop a cellular resistance to oxidative damage caused by glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HT22 cells, and suppress the inflammation process in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Furthermore, the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities of TMC-256C1 were associated with upregulated expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HT22 and BV2 cells. We also found that TMC-256C1 activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways in HT22 and BV2 cells. These results demonstrated that TMC-256C1 activates HO-1 protein expression, probably by increasing nuclear Nrf2 levels via the activation of the p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways.</P>

四種 鹿茸의 免疫學的 效能에 關한 實驗的 硏究

고병희,소경순,김성수,김달래,김광호,송일병 慶熙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In order to investigate the effect of 4 kinds of antlers of Cervus elaphus xanthophgus(CEX), Cervus Elaphus dyboskii(CED), Rangifer tartandus articus(RTA) and Cervus nippon manthohurcus(CNM) on immune response and natural killer cell activity(NKCA), the author performed this experimental study. Delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) and Rosette forming cells(RFC) for cell-mediated immune response, hemagglutin(HA) titers, hemolysin(HL) titers for humoral immune response, carbon clearance for phagocytic function of MPS(mononeuclear phagocyte system), and splenic natural killer cell activity(NKCA) were measured in ICR mice. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. DTH in all of the treated group was increased, as compared with the control group, with statistical significance. 2. RFC in all oof the treated group was increased, as compared with the control group, with statistical significance except for CEX and CED treated group. 3. HA titers increased in all of the treated group as compared with the control group, with statistical significance except for CEX and CNM treated group. 4. HL titers increased in all of the treated group as compared with the control group, but the statistical significance was showed only in case of CNM treated group. 5. Carbon clearance was increased in all of the treated group with the statistical significance. 6. NKCA was increased in all of the treated group with statistical significance except RTA treated group. 7. Through this experimental study in ICR mice, these findings suggest that CEX, CED, RRA and CNM generally enhence both cell-mediated and humoral immune response, phagocytic function of MPS andNKCA except CEX in humoral immune response and RTA in NKCA.

제2형 당뇨병 동물모델인 OLETF 쥐에서 장기간 라미프릴 투여가 내당능 및 췌도 베타세포에 미치는 효과

고승현,윤건호,김명미,안유배,송기호,유순집,손현식,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:최근 소개된 HOPE(Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation)study의 결과에 의하면, 심혈관질환이나 이에 대한 위험인자가 1가지 이상인 9,541명을 대상으로 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 일종인 라미프릴을 투여하여 사망율과 뇌졸증, 심부전, 당뇨병 합병증이 개선되었을 뿐 아니라 다른 항고혈압제에 비해 새롭게 당뇨병으로 진단되는 환자가 줄었음을 보고한바 있다. 이에 저자들은 라미프릴(ramipril)을 제2형 당뇨병 동물모델에 장기간 투여함으로써 당뇨병을 예방하거나 고혈당 상태 또는 인슐린 감수성을 개선시킬수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:생후 24주된 체중 400∼450g의 OLETF와 LETO 쥐를 대상으로 6개월간 라미프릴 경구투여 하였고 혈압, 24시간 단백뇨 및 인슐린 내성검사를 시행하였다. 6개월 이후로는 8주간 투여군과 대조군의 체중을 비슷하게 맞추어 내당능 상태를 평가하였고 이후 다시 8주간 고농도 포도당을 투여하였다. 경구당부하검사를 시행한 후 희생시켜 조직표본을 만들어 guinea pig anti­human insulin 항체로 염색후 DAB로 발색하여 point count 법으로 베타세포를 정량하였고, 면역염색으로 췌도의 변화와 섬유화의 정도를 관찰하였다. 결과:라미프릴을 6개월간 투여하였을 때 OLETF 쥐에서 1)체중 증가가 적었으며 2)경구 당부하검사시 포도당하 면적은 의미있게 감소하였고 3)인슐린 내성검사상 Kitt가 증가되는 경향을 보였으며 4)수축기, 이완기 혈압과 24시간 단백뇨양이 의미있게 감소하였고 5)체중을 맞추면 내당능 상태가 비슷해졌다가 고농도 포도당 주입시 다시 포도당하 면적이 대조군에서 더 증가되었다. 라미프릴 투여군에서 췌도변형 및 파괴와 탈과립, 췌도내 섬유화가 감소하였다. 결론:본 실험에서는 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 동물 모델인 OLETF 쥐에서 당뇨병 발생 이전 단계부터 장기간 라미프릴을 투여할 경우 체중증가가 적었고, 투여군과 대조군의 체중을 맞추었을 때는 내당능상태의 차이가 없아가 고혈당 투여시 다시 투여군과 대조군에서 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 라미프릴 투여가 베타세포의 기능면에서 이로운 효과를 보일 것으로 생각되었다. 따라서 비만한 환자에서 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기투여는 단백뇨 감소, 혈압강하 효과 이외에 체중증가의 억제 및 당뇨병 발생을 억제할 가능성을 시사한다. Background : In a Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOPE study, ramipril, a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, significantly reduced the death rates the number of myocardial infarctions, strokes, heart failure as well as the risk of complications related to diabetes and of diabetes itself. However, it is known that ACE inhibitors improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity or reduce the incidence of diabetes. Methods : 24 week-old OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats weighing 400 ~ 450 g were used in this study. 4 groups of rats were examined in parallel for 40 weeks. The OLETF rats were randomized for treatment with an aqueous solution of ramipril (5 mg/Kg) daily [OL (RMP), n=10)] and with saline [OL (CON), n=10)]. The LETO rats were also randomized in the same was as the OLETF rats (LT(RMP), n=10, LT (CON), n=10). The blood glucose level, body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was assessed every month. At 3 and 6 months, the 24hrs urinary protein concentration was measured, and as insulin tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test were conducted in all experimental groups. After 6 months, the body·weight was matched for 2 months in each corresponding group. Subsequently, a 15% sucrose loading was done for 2 months. After the glucose tolerance test, the pancreas was excised and immuno histochemical staining was conducted for insulin to quantify the beta cell mass by a point-counting method. In addition, the islet morphology was evaluated in the pancreas. Results : Ramipril treatment for a period of 6 months improved the 2hr blood glucose level, the area under the glucose curve in the oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity in addition to lowering significantly systolic and diastolic blood pressure and 24hrs urinary protein level significantly in OLETF rats. Of note, a lower weight gain was observed in both the ramipril-treated animals at 6 months. After weight matching, the AUC g and 2hr blood glucose level values were similar between the corresponding groups, but a 15% sucrose loading worsened the AUC g value. Histologically, the islets were less disorganized and the extent of fibrosis was lower in the ramipril-treated OLETF rats in the trichrome stain. Conclusion : Long-term treatment of ramipril, a long acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor may be useful for suppressing weight gain and proteinuria in addition to having a protective effect on the islet to harmful stimuli such as hyperglycemia (J Kor Diabetes Asso 25:469~482, 2001).

자궁 경부에서 발생한 상피내 암종과 침윤성 암종의 간질 변화에 관한 병리조직학적 연구

고성민,노광을,이민전,김용임,이미자,전호종,서재홍 조선대학교 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.2

Connective tissue seems to be involved in malignancy by lytic processes as a crucial element in invasive growth. This looks relatively simple, but data have emerged that the stroma is not just a passive but rather an active participant. Recent advances in the borderland between cancer and connective tissue research have increasingly made it clear that the relationship between malignant tissue and its stroma is a very intricate one. The present study was performed in order to investigate the variety of stromal reactivity and alterations of basement membrane accompanying malignant growth and the distribution of Langerhans cells and T and B lymphocytes in cervical epithelium affected by intaepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. The subjects in this were 14 cervicitis, 42 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 14 microinvasive cervical carcinoma and 14 invasive cervical carcinomas. A total of 84 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of normal, inflamed and neoplastic uterine cervix have been studied in order to correlate the epithelial changes with the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, α_1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, LCA, CD20, UCHL1, OPD4, CD1, CD4, CD8, CD68 and typeⅣ collagen in stroma. The results of immunohistochemical and electron microscopical examinations yield virtually identical findings 1) The number of α-smooth muscle actin positive cells and the intensity of stain were related to the increasing grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. 2) Normal cervix and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed continuous basement membrane but invasive cervical carcinoma showed highly variable basement membrane deposition ranging from continuous to almost completely absent. 3) The cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Ⅲ and invasive cervical carcinoma showed an increase in spindle shaped Langerhans cells associated with increased numbers of stroma and intraepithelial lymphoid cells. The evaluation of collagen Ⅳ in basement membrane, S-100 protein and CD1 in Langerhans cells and α-smooth muscle actin in stromal cells of the uterine cervix may be an useful adjunct to diagnostic criteria of cervical intraepithrlial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma, and may help understanding of the mechanisms of mesenchymal epithelial interactions during neoplasia.

부신절제후의 위점막 점액세포의 미세구조

고정식,양남길,구광일,안의태,박경호 순천향대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.12 No.3

The experiment was conducted on the male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250g each, to study the fine structural changes of the gastric mucus-secreting cells following bilateral adrenalectomy. Adrenalectomy was performed by dorsal approach method under ether anesthesia. Animals are fed ad libitum after the operation. The normal and the adrenalectomized rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after the operation. For the electron microscopic observation, gastric mucosae were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde followed by post fixation in 1% osmium tetroxide. The ultrathin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined with JEM 100CX Ⅱ electron microscope. Obtained results were follows: 1. The gastric surface mucous cells of adrenalectomized rat contained mucous granules of less electron density than those of the normal rat contains. And mucous granules of adrenalectomized rats are usually placed apart from the surface plasma membrane. 2. Goblet cells of adrenalectomized rat exhibited well formed microvilli as compared with those of normal rat. 3. Cell differentiation in the isthmic area was generally seem to be delayed following adrenalectomy. 4. Golgi complexes of goblet cells were influenced by adrenalectomy, showing flattening or disorganization of cisterns, non-typical vacuoles, scanty vesicles, etc. 5. Considering the above findings, adrenalectomy probably causes the dysfunction of the gastric mucus cell that results in delayed mucus formation and secretion.

山地 果樹園에서 發生하는 矮性사과 나무의 發育不振과 枯死現象 防止對策을 위한 基礎 硏究(Ⅲ)

高光出,柳順昊 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1989 서울대농학연구지 Vol.14 No.1

This study was carried out to prevent poor growth and die-back in dwarf apple tree cv. 'Fuji' on M26 rootstock planted at reclaimed highland. The obtained results are as follows: 1. For recovery of tree vigour through approach grafting, seedling and MM106 stocks affected more favourably than M9 and M26 stocks, but the effects were negligible. 2. Tree vigour was not recovered by soil improvement but drilling and surface application as an applying method of fertilizer seemed to be favourable for recovery of tree vigour within a short-term period. 3. Completely thinned trees showed better growth than heavy bearing trees and moderately bearing trees, but there were no statistically significant differences. 4. Symptoms of rough bark was more greatly disappeared by approach grafting using M26 and MM 106 stocks, soil improvement and moderate bearing than approach grafting using seedling and M9 stocks, drilling or surface application and complete thinning or heavy bearing, respectively. 5. pH, calcium and magnesium comcentrations of soil were increased by soil improvement, but the contents of other elements were not affected. In addition, available phosphorus concentration of soil was very low as much as 10ppm. 6. The contents of inorganic elements of leaves were slightly affected by approach grafting, degree of fruit bearing, and different soil improving methods. Moreover, total nitrogen, calcium and magnesium contents of leaves were below standard value. 7. Summarizing the results obtained from studies for three years from 1985 to 1987, we would recommend the strategy to prevent poor growth and rough bark which frequently caused in dwarf apple orchard newly estabilished at reclaimed highland as follows: 1) It is more reasonable to use MM106 rootstock than M9 or M26 as dwarf rootstock. 2) 'Fuji' apple cultivar should be replaced by 'Tsugaru' and other cultivars because it showed worse growth and severer symptoms of rough bark. 3) In apple trees which had suffered from damage, the extent of fruit bearing should be reduced. In addition, approach grafting using MM106 stock rather than M9 or M26 should be conducted for recovery of tree vigour. 4) To improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, soil improvement as well as lime and borate application by means of drilling will be requested. 5) In case of dwarf apple trees showed severe symptoms of rough bark, it is possible to recover tree vigour with above described strategy.

HDPE 개질 아스팔트 혼합물의 강도 및 변형특성

김광우,이기호,권오선,고태영 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구는 폐비닐 펠렛을 도로포장재료로 재활용하여 자원절약 및 아스팔트 혼합물의 품질향상을 위한 연구이다. 이를 위하여 폐비닐의 첨가량별 배합설계를 수행하여 적정 폐비닐 첨가량과 최적 아스팔트 함량으로 편마암과 화강암 2가지 골재와 폐비닐인 RHDPE의 함량을 4가지로 혼합물을 제작하여 8종류의 재질 혼합물과 2종류의 무개질 혼합물을 제작하였다. 그리고 이 공시체에 대하여 마샬안정도, 간접인장강도 및 Kim test와 반복주행시험 등 실내시험을 통하여 혼합물의 특성을 분석하였다. 폐비닐 첨가량은 RHDPE가 8%일 때 안정도와 간접인장강도 모두 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났고 취성도 나타나지 않았다. RHDPE를 첨가한 혼합물에 대하여 Kim test를 수행한 결과 DR과 DS 모두 높은 상관성을 보였다. 그리고 반복주행시험에서는 RHDPE를 첨가한 혼합물이 일반 혼합물보다 우수하였다. 향후 많은 실험을 통해 RHDPE의 우수성을 입증한다면 소성변형 저항성에 우수한 재료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다. This study is a fundamental research for recycled high-density polyethylene (RHDPE) in asphalt mixture for improving roadway pavement. Marshall mix design was conducted and optimum asphalt content(OAC) was determined for dense-graded surface course mixture by RHDPE content. Marshall stability test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, wheel tracking trest and Kim-test were carried out to measure the characteristics of RHDPE-added asphalt concretes. From the results of this study, RHDPE in asphalt mixture if possible. It could be considered that adding too much RHDPE in asphalt mixture is not proper. The optimum content of RHDPE was appeared to be 8%. In Kim-test, statistical analysis was performed for each loading head and aggregate to find out correlation between S_(D) values and each rut parameter. The analysis result showed that S_(D) had very high coefficient of determination with rut parameters on the average.

결핵균 감염에 따른 큰 포식세포의 Ferritin H chain 유전자 발현

송호연,고광균 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study was to identify macrophage genes regulated by infection of mycobacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294) was provided from Korean National Tuberculosis Association. We have used a differential display RT-PCR to isolated cDNAs corresponding to transcripts that induced in THP-1 cells infected with M. tuberculosis. Among several differentially expressed trascripts, one clone, designated as 1-TC8 was 322 bp and was identical to human ferritin heavy(H) chain gene. Northern blot analysis confiremed that ferritin H chain gene has been markedly over-expressed in monocytic THP-1 cells infected with live Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

사람의 혈관 내피세포에 대한 Salmonella 균종의 감염

송호연,고광균,최순룡 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.4

In order to elucidate the mechanism of injury to endothelial cell of blood vessels in typhoid fever, Salmonella typhi was inoculated in cultured human endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were prepared from the umbilical vein that was freshly obtained from human umbilical cord by collagenase treatment. After screening of cultured endothelial cells through the immunofluorescent antibody technique, ultrastructural change of cytopathic Aeffect, obtained by lectron microscopy, showed typical progress of pathogenesis caused by S. typhi; adherence, endocytosis, intracellular replication and release of microorganism. These patholgical changes led to cellular disruption and final death of endothelial cells. Endothelial cells of vascular system found to be the site of amplification as well as the target organ of S. typhi, which could play important role in hematogenous spread of this microorganism and also in pathologic sign or symptom in typhoid fever. An experimental infection of S. typhi in cultured human endothelial cells found to be an excellent and valuable virulence assay system. The above ability of S. typhi to proliferate and lead to endothelial cell death in cultured human endothelial cells confirmed to be a factor of endovascular disorder of typhoid fever such as rose spot on abdomen of patients.