Inhibition of p38 pathway-dependent MPTP-induced dopminergic neurodegeneration in estrogen receptor alpha knockout mice

( Chul Ju Hwang ),( Dong Young Choi ),( Yu Yeon Jung ),( Young Jung Lee ),( Jae Suk Yun ),( Ki Wan Oh ),( Sang Bae Han ),( Seikwan Oh ),( Mi Hee Park ),( Jin Tae Hong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-

Approximately, 7-10 million people in the world suffer from Parkinson``s disease (PO), Recently, increasing evi-dence has suggested the protective effect of estrogens against nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage in PD. In this study, we investigated whether estrogen affects l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced behavioral impairment in estrogen receptor alpha (ERa)-deficient mice. MPTP (15 mg/kg, four times with l.5-h interval)-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration was evaluated in ERα wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice. Larger dopamine depletion, behavioral impairments (Rotarod test, Pole test, and Gait test), activation of mi-croglia and astrocytes, and neurointlammation after MPTP injection were observed in ERα KO mice compared to those in WT mice.Immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) after MPTP injection showed fewerTH-positive neurons in ERα KO mice than WT mice. Levels of dopamine and 3,4-<lihydroxyphenylacetic acid (OOPAC, metab-olite of dopamine) were also lowered in ERα KO mice after MPTP injection. Interestingly, a higher immunoreac-tivity for monoamine oxidase (MAO) B was found in the substantia nigra and striatum of ERα KO mice after MPTP injection. We also found an increased activation of p38 kinase (which positively regulates MAO B expression) in ERα KO mice. In vitro estrogen treatment inhibited neuroinflammation in l-methyl-4-phenyl pyridium (MPP +)-treated cultured astrocyte cells; however, these inhibitory effects were removed by p38 inhibitor. These results indicate that ERα might be important for dopaminergic neuronal survival through inhibition of p38 pathway.

건강증진프로그램이 노인의 건강행위, 지각된 건강상태 및 생활만족도에 미치는 효과

정영미,김주희 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: This is designed to develop a health promotion program for improvement of health status by means of a change of life-style and health behavior in the elderly. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health behaviors. Method: The health promotion program consisted of health education, group discussion, emotional support, health and telephone counsel. As a quasi-experimental design, the none-quivalent control group pretest-posttest design was utilized for this study. The subjects of this study consisted of 50 people, over 60 years of age attending 2 senior colleges in S city. They were divided into two groups: 24 in the experimental group and 26 in the control group. Data was collected from July 2,2001 to August 21, 2001. For the analysis, SPSS PC 10.0 Window version was adopted and descriptive analysis, x^2-test, t-test, paired t-test, MANOVA were used for data analysis. Result: The health behavior and life satisfaction of the elderly improved significantly (F=18.305, p=.000 ; F=17.478, p=.000). But there is no significant difference in the perceived health status(F=3.807, p=.057). Conclusion: The health promotion program is confirmed as proper to promote the health in the elderly. In addition, assessment and support will be simultaneously done to manage the health of the elderly. Finally this study supports intervention for the elderly and provides a basis for further investigations.

감식초가 고콜레스테롤 식이를 한 흰쥐의 혈중 지질 성분에 미치는 영향

정소형,김주현,정용진,최미자 동아시아식생활학회 1999 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.9 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of persimmon vinegar on serum lipid components in the hypercholesterolemic Sprague-Dawley male rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups and fed diets containing 1% cholesterol for 4 weeks. Experimental diets added to distilled water, 1.5%, 3%, and 7% persimmon vinegar(PV) as drinking water. Concentration of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride in serum and activity of AST, ALT in serum were assayed. Average food intake, weight gain and FER of experimental rats were not significantly different by contents of persimmon vinegar. Concentration of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in serum were lowest in 7% persimmon vinegar group. However concentration of HDL cholesterol in serum was highest in 3% persimmon vinegar group. Concentration of triglyceride in serum was significantly lower in persimmon vinegar group than control group. Activities of AST and ALT in serum were lowest in 7% persimmon vinegar group. The results in this study suggest that persimmon vinegar is effective in lowering serum triglyceride level.

감귤류의 Ascorbate 및 Phenolic 획분이 N-nitrosodimethylamine의 생성에 미치는 영향

송미향,이수정,신정혜,최선영,성낙주 한국식품영양학회 2002 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

감귤류 (자몽, 레몬, 금귤, 밀감 및 오렌지)를 착즙하여 얻은 쥬스를 sep-pak C_18 cartridge를 사용하여 ascorbate 및 phenolic 획분으로 분리한 다음 pH를 달리한 in vitro 반응계에서 아질산염 소거 및 N-nitrosodimenthylamine(NDMA) 생성억제 효과를 분석하였다. 감귤류 쥬스 ascorbate 획분의 아질산염 소거능은 5ml 첨가시 pH 2.5 에서 79.9 ~ 98.6%, pH 4.2에서 48.5 ~ 86.3%였으나, pH6.0에서는 35.2% 이하였다. Phenolic 획분은 ascorbate 획분에 비해 높은 소거능을 보였으며 특히 pH6.0 에서는 ascorbate 획분에 비해 2배 이상의 높은 소거능을 나타내었다. NDMA 생성억제 효과는 phenolic 획분의 첨가시에 월등히 뛰어나 pH 2.5의 반응용액에 금귤, 밀감 및 오렌지쥬스의 phenolic 획분을 첨가했을 때 92.8% 이상이었으나, ascorbate 획분이 첨가된 경우에는 NDMA 생성 억제 효과를 거의 나타내지 못하였다. 따라서 감귤류 쥬스의 NDMA 생성억제와 관련된 주된 인자는 phenol 화합물인 것으로 사료된다. Five citrus juices were separated into a ascorbate and phenolic portion using sep-pak C_18 catridge, respectively, in order to elucidate the nitrite scavenging effect and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation in model system. the nitrite scavenging effect of ascorbate portion from citrus juices, in the different pH, when added with 5ml were 79.9 ~ 98.6% under the condition of pH 2.5, 48.5 ~ 86.3% at pH 4.2 and lower than 35.2% at pH 6.0. The nitrite scavenging effect was excellent phenolic portion rather than ascorbate portion. Particularly, the effect was more 2 times than ascorbate portion under the reaction condition of pH 6.0. When added the phenolic portion in the reaction mixture, NDMA formation was inhibited 92.8% or more in kum quat, mandarin orange and sweet orange juices. But the ascorbate portion was a negative response of the inhibition of NDMA formation. The inhibition on NDMA formation in citrus juice may be due to phenolic compounds were reacted.

아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향

이주희,탁정미 동신대학교 2004 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to find out elementary school children's perception of the effects of their parents' child-rearing attitudes on adaptation to school life. The subjects were a total of 362 sixth grade elementary school children in Gwangju(178) for urban area and in Gokseong(184) for rural area, who were randomly selected. The results of this study are as follows. First, the relationship between parents' child-rearing attitudes and adaptation to school life was statistically significant in all of four sub-factors: accomplishment/non-accomplishment, opening/closing, affection/refusal, and autonomy/heteronomy. As children felt that their parents' child-rearing attitudes was accomplishment-, affection-, or autonomy-oriented, they adapted to their school life more positively. However, opening-and closing-orientation had negative effects on adaptation to school life in all methods for parents' child-rearing. As children felt that their parents' child-rearing attitudes were closing-oriented, they adapted to school life more positively. Second, the difference between fathers' child-rearing attitudes and mothers' perceived by children was statistically significant in all of the four sub-factors. Foregoing results suggest that elementary school children's perception of parents' child-rearing attitudes had direct effects on their adaptation to school life. Accordingly, it is needed for parents to develop desirable child-rearing attitudes for their children's adaptation to school life and personal and social growth.

간내 포충낭 1예

김정미,최교원,이헌주 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.1

In humans, echinococcal species produce cystic lesions primarily involving the liver and lung. Echinococcal infection is caused far more commonly by Echinococcus granulosa than by E. multilocularis, which accounts for less than 5 per cent of all cases of hydatid liver disease. Hydatid disease occurs principally in sheep grazing areas, particularly in the Australia, New Zealand, Greece, Yugoslavia, Middle East, and South American countries, but with increasing migration and traveling, this disease now has a worldwide distribution. This disease is rare in Korea and only few cases have been reported. This is a clinical case report of hydatid cyst of liver caused by Echinococcus granulosus in a 52-year-old man who had been dispatched in the Vietnam from 1966 to 1968.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

잉어류 바이러스성전신괴사증바이러스 (VSNCV) 백신 투여에 대한 잉어의 면역반응

조미영,손상규,김이청,김진우,오명주,정성주,박수일 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.3

양식 잉어류에서 심각한 피해를 야기하고 있는 VSNCV에 대한 백신을 제작하며 잉어에 투여한 후 특이적 및 비특이적 면역반응을 조사하였다. 백신은 포르마린처리백신 (FKV)과 가온처리백신 (HKV)를 제작하여 건강한 잉어에 0.2㎖씩 복강주사 하였으며, 2주 후 동일한 방법으로 boost처리하였다. 백신 투여 후 비특이적 면역반응 중 혈청 라이소자인 활성과 대식세포의 chemiluminescent (CL) reponses은 1차 주사 후 및 boost 처리 후 2일째부터 7일째까지 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으며, 이후 대조구 수준으로 감소하였다. ELISA법으로 항체가를 조사한 결과 대조구를 제외한 FKV와 HKV 투여구에서 주사 후 2주 째부터 boost처리 후 6주 째까지 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 그 중에서도 boost 처리 후 2주 째에 VSNCV로 공격 실험한 결과 FKV 투여구에서는 20%의 누적폐사율을 나타내어 방어력이 인정 되었으나, HKV투여구에서는 70%의 누적폐사율이 나타나 방어효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. VSNC is a viral disease causing significant economic losses in cultured carp Ciprinus carpio L. in Korea. Carps were immunized with prepared vaccines against VSNCV and examined specific and nonspecific immune responses. Carps were injected by 0.2㎖ of formalin-killed vaccine(FKV), heat-killed vaccine(HKV) or E-MEM, respectively and dealt with boost with same way two weeks later. The lysozyme activity of serum and chemiluminescent reponses of head-kidney leucocytes showed increased responses during 2-7 days post-first injection(pfi) and post-boost(pb) in the vaccinated fish, and then decreased to the level of control. As measured by ELISA, vaccinated groups showed a significant increase in VSNCV-specific serum antibodies between 2 weeks pfi and 6 weeks pb with a peak at 2 weeks pb. Results of the virus challenge showed that the fish vaccinated with FKV have induced protective immunity, white HKV injection hardly provided protection.

대학생의 식행동과 음식 기호도

김운주,백수진,박수영,박정숙,오미자 충북대학교 교육생활연구소 2001 생활과학연구논총 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eating behaviors and food preferences of university students. The survey was carried out through questionnaire and the subjects were 250 students in Chungbuk National University. Results showed that eating behaviors and food preferences of university students were concerned with general status. And most of the lodgers and the cooking food for themselves showed that their eating behaviors were irregular. As the result, It is necessary that university students were taught eating behaviors and food preferences right.

영아자(Phyteuma japonicum Miq.)의 성분 조성

정미자,신정혜,이수정,홍성국,강호중,성낙주 한국식품영양학회 1998 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.11 No.4

산채식물인 영아자(Horned Rampion ; Phyteuma japonicum Miq.)의 영양학적인 가치를 평가코져 야생 및 평지재배 시료를 잎과 줄기로 구분하여 일반성분, 비타민 C, 유리당, 무기물, 핵산관련물질, 구성 아미노산 및 유리아미노산을 분석하였다. 야생과 재배 영아자의 회분은 1.2∼2.7%의 범위였고, 조지방과 조단백질은 재배시료가 조섬유는 야생시료에서 더 높은 함량으로 정량되었고, 전당은 두 시료간에 대차를 보이지 않았다. 비타민 C는 줄기보다는 잎에서 재배시료보다는 야생시료에서 더 높게 정량되었다. 유리당은 야생 및 재배시료 모두 glucose, frucose 및 sucrose가 잎보다 줄기에서 높게 정량되었다. 무기물은 총 9종이 분석되었는데 이중 칼슘의 함량이 가장 높아 재배시료의 경우 잎은 34374.0㎎/㎏, 즐기는 9584.1㎎/㎏였고, 그 다음으로 칼륨, 마그네슘의 순으로 많았으며, 야생시료도 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 핵산 관련물질은 CMP, UMP, IMP, AMP 및 hypoxanthine이 동정되었는데 잎과 줄기 모두 야생시료에서는 hypoxanthine이, 재배시료에서는 AMP가 월등히 높게 정량되었다. 구성아미노산은 총 17종으로 야생시료에서는 glutamic acid, 재배시료는 잎의 경우 aspartic acid, 줄기의 경우 glutamic acid의 함량이 가장 많았다. 유리아미노산은 총 29종이 동정되었고 야생시료의 잎에서는 glutamic acid, 줄기에서는 γ-aminoisobutyric acid, 재배시료의 줄기에서는 asparagine이 가장 높은 함량으로 정량되었다. This research is to establish the basic data of the nutritive value and improve our diet. In the part of th leaf and stem of the wild cultivated horned rampion(Phyteuma japonicum Mig), the components such as chemical composition, vitamin C, free sugar, mineral, nucleotide and its related compounds, composition and free amino acid were analyzed one after another. Content of the crude lipids and proteins was determined much higher in its wildness than in its cultivated horned rampion ; while, that of carbohydrates was higher in the former than in the latter. The content of vitamin C was retained higher in the leaf than in the stem horned rampion. And the content of calcium among the detected minerals was outstanding in all of the samples collected, and potassium and magnesium was the next ones in its order. The main components of free sugars in both the wild and cultivated horned rampion were glucose and fructose, and their content was higher in the stem than in the leaf. Nucleotide and its related compounds were identified with 5 kinds of nuciotides such as CMP, UMP, IMP, AMP and hypoxanthine(Hx), and the content of Hx and AMP was the highest in the wild and cultivated samples, respcetively. In the composition amino acid of the wild horned rampion, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and phenylalanine was outstandingly abundant; while, such amino acid as methionine and proline was small and besides cysteine couldn't be detected in the stem. Total amounts of composition amino acid in the leaf was 2118.0 and 1120.1㎎% in the wild and cultivated sample, respectively. In the free amino acid of horned rampion, the total amount ranged from 8.5 to 50.1㎎%, which were lower level than that of composition amino acid. But the number of free amino acid was 29 kinds, which was bigger in its number than of composition amino acid detected 17 kinds.