서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

과학교육학 목표에 관한 연구

우종옥,이항로,이경훈 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1994 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study was to establish the goals of Science Pedagogy as a subject curriculum. This study is served as the criterion for syllabus of teacher's university which instruct the preservice science teachers. To perform this study, by a premise of Science Pedagogy, the domains and the categories of science educational goals ware pursued by review of literature. In this study, the sources to establish science educational goals are national educational ideology, nature of science, interests and cognitive levels of children, and social demands. According to these sources, the domains of science educational goals are as follows: 1.cognitive domain 2.inquiry process domain 3.manual skills domain 4.creativity domain 5.science attitude domain 6.S-T-S domain These six domains are essential to school science educational achievement. Therefore, these domains are surely reflected in the course of science preservice teacher's training. On the base of these domains of science educational goals, 1 general goal and 10 specific objectives of Science Pedagogy are proposed.

대장암 환자에서의 담즙 암태아성 항원(CEA)

김종우,박용태,정철운,권성원,장항석,손석우,안대호,이경포 대한대장항문학회 2000 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.16 No.6

科學 探究能力 評價 問題 類型 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究

우종옥,이항로,구창현 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.6 No.1

This study investigated the literature about science process skills' evaluation to analyse transition of evaluation objectives before and after a Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance. In the literature survey the researcher established a 3 dimensional science assessment framework with X axis as science concept, Y axis as science process skills and Z axis as problem context. In order to analysis and compare each items the researcher selected 210 items from the 1st to the 7th trials and 138 items from the 1st to 4th Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance and sampled 2873 science achievement test items from 10 high schools. In accordance with this taxonomy the researcher analysed and compared science process skills item forms. The following results were drawn: The items were evenly distributed in all the four areas(Earth Science, Biology, Physics and Chemistry) of the science concept domain, but they were heavily concentrated on data analysis and drawing a conclusion in science process domain. In the domain of problem context school context was the majority. In spite of distribution like this the ratio on science process skills measurement items and science achievement test items was increased after the Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance was given. Also the ratio on item expression type was increased. Item form was almost 5 options selection type in the national level test. Although there were 4 options selection type, 5 options selection type, short answer type, essay type in school level test, rising from 33.1% to 65.5% on 5 options selection type is exhibited. This study showed that the school level item form was better various than the nation level. This point like this is the evidence for the improvement toward the science process skills test and influenced by Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance. The ratio on the item which joined with the 3 axes had a mean of 99.3% in nation level test and mean 44.9% in school achievement test level. But the ratio in the school achievement test level increased after the Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance was given. In view of this study we must furthermore study the item types which can evaluate validately science process skill's five stage each and evaluation method by the high school students' problem solving patterns and features in scientific inquiry on all science process skills elements.

고등학생의 지구과학 탐구능력 측정을 위한 평가도구 개발

우종옥,이항로 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1995 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.5 No.1

Since the late of 1960,s, the improvement of science inquiry skills has been one of the most important goals in secondary science education. To achieve this goal, it is essential to develop a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating science inquiry skills. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating science inquiry skills for high school students. The instrument is developed through R & D procedure, which includes two field trials of the instrument. This study has formed a clear definition of the elements of science inquiry skills (formulating a hypothesis, controlling variables, designing an experiment, numeric calculation, graphing experimental data, inference, determining relationship, determining causalities, predicting experimental results 〈including interpolation and extrapolation〉, drawing a conclusion, formulating a generalization or model), and established the goals of assessment and developed the items of assessment. The instrument, Test of Earth Science Inquiry Skills, consists of 33 items which measure 11 science inquiry skills. There are content-free items for each science inquiry skills. This study has selected 11 science inquiry skills which are considered appropriate for being evaluated by paper-and-pencil test with SIEI (Hur, 1984). The content validity of items, objectivity of the scoring keys and clarity of the items were checked by six experienced specialists in science education. At the same time, the two field trials has been executed and produced the reliability of the instrument, item difficulty index, and the effectiveness of distracters. The first field trial was performed using a sample of 304 high school students, and the second one using a sample of 872 high school students. Because the content validity is 84% and the reliability (K-R 20) is 0.84, the developed instrument in this study is considered valid and reliable. The difficulty index is 49.4%, answer ratio 59.1%, the discrimination index 0.47 and the effectiveness of distracters evenly distributed, which also suffice the criteria of good instrument. The developed instrument in this study can diagnosis the well-developed science inquiry skills and the ill-developed science inquiry skills of the students, and trace the degree of the improvement of science inquiry skills.

계통도를 이용한 중·고등학생의 지구와 달의 운동에 관한 개념 유형 연구

우종옥,이항로,민준규 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1995 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.5 No.1

In spite of school science learning, the students' conceptions have not been changed easily. Therefore, to make students overcome their non scientific conceptions has been an important issue in science education. The purpose of this study was to identify the conceptions of students and teachers on the motion of the earth and the moon. The instrument was developed for estimating students' understandings of the concepts related to the motion of the earth and the moon. The validity of the instrument was examined by the specialists in Science Educator and Astronomer. At the same time, the two field trials had been executed, and the items were modified. Also, it consists of 12 items including 9 two-tier multiple choice items and 3 multiple choice items. The population of this study consists of 250 eighth-, 299 tenth-, 292 eleventh-grade students, 134 science teachers in secondary school. SPSS/PC+ was adopted for the statistical analysis. The type of misconceptions possessed students were as follows: 1) At 12:00 noon, the sun is directly overhead. 2) First quarter moon is a half of overall surface of the moon. 3) Air don't rotate with the earth surface because it keeps apart from the earth surface. 4) Summer is warmer than winter, because the earth is nearer from the sun in summer. 5) Whenever season is changed, the direction of rotation axis of the earth is changed. 6) The moon is the brightest at the position of new moon, because the distance between the moon and the sun is the shortest and the moon is received strongest sunlight. 7) The moon is not seen at the position of real full moon, because it is covered with shadow of the earth. 8) When the moon is not seen in the earth, sunlight is not reached at the moon. The major findings were as follows: 1) The middle school students had more misconceptions than those of high school students. And female students had more misconceptions than those of male ones. 2) The rate of correct answer and the type of conception in the tenth grade students were very similar with eleventh grade students. 3) The higher cognitive level, the better development of scientific conception and the less misconception. Also, the correlation coefficient between scientific conception score and GALT score was 0.57. 4) The students in scientific part had higher the rate of correct answer than those of students in human part and the former had less misconception than the latter. 5) The rate of correct answer about model and figure items was lower than descriptive ones, because they did not understand about figures itselves. These types of misconceptions will be used for science instruction and studies of other conceptions need.

土川芎과 日川芎의 效能 및 品質比較에 關한 硏究 (2) : 두 유형의 천궁과 천궁 - 당귀 배합시의 혈관 이완효능 Vascular Relaxant Effect of Cnidii rhizoma and Cnidii rhizoma - Angelicae radix Compound

李項雨,趙顯國,朴涌基 대한본초학회 1999 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

In order to investigate the vascular relaxant effect of Ligusticum chuanxiong, Cnidium officinale and Angelicae radix mixed with each of them, we examined with physiography using thoracic aorta of rats. Samples were prepared to be divided Ligusticum chuanxiong (TC), Cnidium officinale (IC), TC removed oil (TCRO), oil extracts from TC (TCO) and IC (ICO), and Angelicae radix (D) mixed with TC (TC/D), IC (IC/D), and TCRO (TCRO/D). From norepinephrine and phenylephrine induced vascular contraction, all the samples had relaxant effect. IC was more effective vascular relaxant capacity compared to TC, however, as removed oil from TC (TCRO) the relaxant capacity was markedly elevated and higher than that of IC. Mixing the Angelicae radix, relaxant effect between TC/D and IC/D was that TC/D was more effective vascular relaxant capacity than that of IC/D. Whereas there was not relaxant effect in TCO and ICO, and TCRO/D was declined in relaxant rotio compared to TCRO. Based on these results, it is suggested that Angelicae radix is very effective material to elevate the vasodilation effect of Ligusticum chuanxiong and Cnidium officinale.

악하선에 발생한 방선균증

이진호,박인우,최항문,허민석,이삼선 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.2

Actinomycosis is defined as a chronic, specific, suppurative, granulomatous disease caused mainly by the anaerobic, gram positive organism, Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis in the salivary gland is a rare disease that is caused by an inhabitant of the normal flora. We report the case of the actinomycosis of submandibular gland. A 53-year old man presented with the swelling on left submandiblar area. The lesion was not painful but had been increasing for about 10 days. In the CT view, the internal portion of the mass showed homogeneous moderate signal. The mass had continuities with the inferior portion of the left enlarged submandibular gland. In the MRI, there was a mass that showed a buldging pattern inferiorly in the left submandibular gland without bony invasion sign. The biopsy shows the colony of special organism. Many filaments are discovered with clubbed ends diffused from center of colony. We diagnosed this disease as actinomycosis in the submandibular gland by the postoperational biopsy. (Korea J Oral Maxillofac radiol 2000; 30: 132-137)

國民學校의 栽培敎育에 對한 考察

李瑯雨 대구교육대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Education on the plant cultivation which is majoring in the special field among scientific fields is very important. Futhermore, planting plans, food augmentation, environmental beautify, emotional life and free pollution are determined by knowledge on the plant cultivation. Education on the plant cultivation is very important in the compulsory education but school teacher, pupil and parents have any attention to this problem. Thus This experiment was carried out to fulfill this serious problem.

수치 속성 및 비수치 속성을 갖는 퍼지 데이터에 대한 퍼지 결정트리

이건명,이우항 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 1999 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.7 No.1

결정트리 생성은 일련의 특징값으로 기술된 사례들로부터 분류 지식을 추출하는 학습 방법중의 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 데이터가 수치 속성과 비수치 속성에 의해서 기술되고, 이들수치 속성이 보통값 뿐만아니라 퍼지숫자나 구간값을 갖을 수 있고, 비수치 속성은 보통값에 의해 표현되는 데이터에 대한 퍼지 결정트리 생성 방법을 제안한다. 또한 생성된 결정트리를 사용하여 새로운 퍼지 데이터를 분류하는 추론 절차를 소개한다. 한편 실험결과를 통해 제안된 방법의 유용성을 보인다. Fuzzy decision tree induction is a method to extract classification knowledge from a set of feature-based examples. This paper presents a fuzzy decision tree induction method which is applicable to a set of training example of which numeric attributes take in crisp values, fuzzy numbers and interval values, and of which non-numeric attributes take in crisp values. In addition, it introduces an inference procedure to determine the class of new data based on the fuzzy decision tree created by the proposed induction method. It also shows some experiment results to show the applicability of the proposed method.