Clozapine이 백서의 Schedule-Induced Polydipsia에 미치는 영향

이기철,정홍경,이정호,홍승범,최영민,전성일,정재현,하준명 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.2

Object : This study was designed to evaluate the effects of clozapine which is one of most useful atypical antipsychotics in the schedule-induced polydipsic rat which is an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods : Spraque-Dawley rats were placed in automatic cage where a pellet dispenser automatically dispensed 90mg pellets on a fixed-time 60 seconds(FT- 60s) feeding schedule over 150-minute test session for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of daily exposure to the FT-60s feeding schedule, experimental rats met a predetermined criterion for polydipsic behavior(greater than 3 times of water per session on average). Rats were stratified into clozapine(0.34mg/kg,i.p.), clozapine(14.63mg/kg,i.p.), clomlpramine(5mg/kg,i .p.), and vehicle (1cc/kg,i.p.) group and treated with each drugs for 3 weeks. To identify the non-polydipsic food-deprived rats, a separate group of rats(N=8) were individually housed and given a single bolus(14.5gm) of food per day which maintained them at their average body weight. Results : The results were as follows ; 1)After 4 weeks of scheduled feeding procedure, the experimental group showed significant differences than bolus control in the amount of water consumption as compared with their baseline of water intakes for 4 weeks. At the same periods, there were no differences between the experimental group and bolus control in the borty weight. 2)The clomipramine group, the clozapine 0.34mg group and the clozapine 14.63mg group showed significant decrease in the amount of water intake for at 2nd & 3rd week of drug treatment as compared with their baseline of polydipsic water intakes. But, the vehicle control group showed no changes of amounts of water intake for 3 weeks of treatment as compared with their baseline of polydipsic water intakes. Conclusion : Above findings suggest that the fixed time feeding Procedure for Schedule induced polydipsia as an animal model of obsessive compulsive disorder was effective to the evaluation of pharmacological challenge study. In clinical situation, the authors suggest that atypical antipsychotic drugs which act as serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonist may be helpful to improve the symptoms of the patients with treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.

필기체 주소 인식을 위한 문자 분할 기법

이상범,이준환 단국대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

The address area of the envelopes varies from the one written correctly to another scribbled. So there happen lots of difficulties when separating characters by assuming the average character width and height compared to the case of printed characters. In this paper, as a preprocessing method for handwritten address recognition. a new structured method is proposed on the scheme of separating characters. The slope-compensated image is divided as the more detailed block images by reprojection and the hooks which generally exist up and down on handwritten characters are removed with the use of the statistical characteristics of horizontal distribution of pixels. The blocks generated by projection and slope compensation are merged as the form where one character string or separated consonants or vowels don't exist. The merged blocks enables the structural character separation not affected by the writing styles of writers by taking advantage of the edge points extracted which are based on the five base lines and three preliminary separation point proposed in this paper.

열대지방사람들의 땀샘의 밀도와 기능

이정범,배준상,민영기,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Tropical inhabitants are able to tolerate heat through permanent residence in the tropics. To clarify the peripheral mechanisms of the suppressed thermal sweating in tropical natives, sweating responses to acetylcholine (ACh), a primary transmitter of the sudomotor innervation, were compared between healthy Korean and African males. ACh was iontophoretically administered on the forearm. Directly activated and axon reflex-mediated sweat responses were evaluated by quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART). The sweating of axon reflex (nicotinic receptor) onset-time was 0.42 min shorter (P<0.01) and the sweat volumes (muscarinic receptors) were 75% (P<0.01) and the ACh sweat volumes of axon reflex (nicotinic receptor) 79% higher (P<0.01) in the Koreans than the Africans. Iodine-impregnated paper method revealed that sweat gland density was 45.1% higher (P<0.01) and sweat gland output per single gland was 18.4% larger (P<0.001) in the Koreans compared to the Africans. These results indicate that suppressed thermal sweating in Africans is, at least in part, attributed to the suppressed glandular sensitivity to ACh through both recruitment of sweat glands and sweat output per each gland.

일부 지역 주민에서 초기 신기능 저하의 지표로서 혈청 Cystatin C 농도의 유용성

원기범,김준섭,박준형,강혁주,이정호 동국대학교 의학연구소 2009 東國醫學 Vol.15 No.2

혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 신기능을 정확히 반영한다고 알려져 있지만, 대규모 연구 자료가 제한적이었다. 따라서 저자는 다수의 일부 지역 주민을 대상으로 cystatin C를 creatinine과 비교하여 신기능의 지표로서 cystatin C의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 2008년 7월부터 9월까지 포항지역의 건강 검진자 999명 (남자: 324명, 여자: 657명)을 대상으로 혈청 cystatin C, 혈청 creatmine, 나이, 체중을 측정하고, Cockcroft-Gault식으로 사구체 여과율을 계산하였다. 계산된 사구체 여과율을 National Kidney Foundation의 Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI)에서 제시한 만성 신장병 분류 기준에 따라 5단계로 분류하였지만 4단계 (중증의 사구체 여과율 저하) 및 5단계 (신부전 또는 투석) 에 포함되는 대상자들의 숫자가 적어 (4단계: 4명, 5단계: 1명) 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 대상자들의 평균 나이는 52.1 ± 17.1 세, 평균 체중은 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg,평균 혈청 cystatin C농도는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg, 평균 creatinine 농도는 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL이었다. 사구체 여과율을 각 단계별로 비교해 본 결과는 다음과 같이 혈청 cystatin C농도는 1 단계 (정상 신기능)는 0.8 ± 0.1 mg, 2단계 (경도의 신기능 저하)는 0.9 U 0.1 mg, 3단계 (중등도의 신기능 저하)는 1.0 d=0.1mg로 각각 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 creatinine농도는 1단계는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL, 2단계는 0.9 ± 0.1 mg/dL, 3단계는 1.0 ± 0.1 mg/dL로 l단계와 2단계 간에 차이가 없었으나 (p>0.05), 2단계와 3단계 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 cystatin C농도와 혈청 creatinine농도는 나이 (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) 및 체중 (cystatin C: r=0.075, P<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, p<0.05) 과 양의 상관 관계를 보였다. 혈청 cystatin C 농도는 성별 간의 차이가 없었고, 혈청 creatinine농도는 남성에서 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 초기 신기능 저하를 반영하는 유용한 지표라고 생각된다. Although serum cystatin C has been suggested to be a better alternative marker than serum creatinine for estimating renal function, there have been limited data about its superiority over creatinine in a large number of populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate cystatin C as a renal marker compared to creatinine in a large population of the local community. We measured serum cystatin C, creatinine, age, body weight from 999 volunteers (Male; 324, Female; 657) of a single local cohort, Phohang, from July to September, 2008, and then calculated the GFR according to Cockcroft Gault(CG) formula. The population was divided into five stages followed by the chronic renal disease classification presented by KDOQI. The numbers in stage 4 (severe renal impairment), and 5 (renal failure) were too small (4 in stage 4, 1 in stage 5) to perform statistical analysis, so we excluded them. The mean age was 52.1 ± 17.1, and body weight 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg; serum cystatin C 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/L; serum creatmine 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL; CG GFR 70.6 ± 19.1 ml/min/1.73 m^(2). The tests completed for the comparison among each stage suggested the following results; serum cystatin C levels in stage 1 (normal renal function), stage 2 (mild deterioration of renal function), and stage 3 (moderate deterioration of renal function) showed the significant differences (stage 1 vs 2: 0.8 ± 0.1 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p<0.05; stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum creatinine levels showed no significant differences between stage 1 and stage 2 (stage 1 vs 2: 0.9 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p>0.05), but showed significant differences between stage 2 and stage 3 (stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum cystatin C and creatinine presented positive correlation between age (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) and body weight (cystatin C: r=0.075, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, P<0.05). Serum cystatin C levels showed no significant difference in sex, but serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in men than women. Serum cystatin C level is suggested to be more useful parameter than serum creatinine level to evaluate early renal impairment.

척추 전이성 종양의 수술적 치료 : 삶의 질에 대한 평가를 중심으로 focused in evaluation of life quality

양준영,이준규,홍의표,안성환,이정범 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

목적 : 척추에 발생한 전이성 종양 환자들을 대상으로, 수술적 치료를 시행한 환자에 있어서, 술후 생존 기간과 생존 기간 내 동통, 신경학적 증상, 일상 생활 능력 등의 평가를 통한 수술적 치료의 결과에 대하여 보고하고자 한다 . 연구대상 및 방법 : 1996년부터 1999년까지 본원에서 전이성 종양으로 수술적 치료를 받았던 환자중 추시가 가능했던 13례의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 술 후 생존 기간 및 술 전 및 술 후 추시 중의 동통 양상 및 신경학적 증상의 호전여부, 일상 생활 수행 능력을 분석하였다 . 결과 : 전례에서 술 전 동통을 호소하였으며, 1례에서만 단독 보행이 가능하였고, 1례에서는 앉는 것만 가능하였으며, 11례에서는 앉지도 못하였다. 술 후 평가에서는 전례에서 동통이 감소하였으며, 술전에 신경학적 증상이 보였던 환자 중 75%에서 신경학적 증상이 호전이 나타났으며, 대상환자 중 92%에서 자가 보행이 가능하거나, 앉는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 사망한 환자의 술후 생존기간은 평균 11.2 개월이었다. 결론 : 수술적 치료를 받은 척추의 전이성 골종양 환자에서 술 후 신경학적 증상의 호전, 동통의 감소 및 보행 능력의 호전을 볼 수가 있었다. 따라서 척추의 전이성 종양 환자에 있어, 수술의 적응증이 된다면 수술적 치료를 적극적으로 시행하는 것이 환자의 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있다고 사료된다. To evaluate the clinical results of surgical treatment in metastatic spinal tumor patients. Thirteen patients of spinal metastatic tumor, treated by surgical methods, in this hospital from 1996 to 1999, were included in this study. We analysed pre and post operative pain, neurologic symptom and life quality. Preoperatively, all patients complained of pain and one case do could self walking, one case could do self sitting, and eleven patients were bed-ridden states. Postoperatively, pain was subsided in all cases. Neurologic symptom recovered in 75% of patients who had had preoperative neurologic symptoms. Postoperatively, patients walk or sit without assistance in 92% of cases. Mean postoperative span of survival was 11.2 months. Surgical treatment of spinal metastatic tumor improved the neurologic status and reduced pain. So, we conclude that if indicated, surgical treatment seems to achieve better results than conservative treatment in spinal metastatic tumor patient.

복 반사음 합성기에 관한 연구

신재범,이상영,김재수,박성희,임준석 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 1992 硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.1

In the active sonar development, the reverberation is one of the major factors to be overcome like the clutter in the rader development. Unfortunately real reverberation data in various cases cannot be achieved so easily as real clutter data can be and there is a trend to build a simulator before a complex sonar system is developed. In the sonar simulator, the synthesized reverberation signal is necessary. In this paper we propose an algorithm to simulate the reverberation for the moving active sonar to use it in a simulator, and show some simulated results.

공정변수의 변동을 고려한 호감도 함수를 통한 다중반응표면 최적화

권준범,이종석,이상호,전치혁,김광재 한국경영과학회 2005 한국경영과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

A desirability function approach to a multiresponse problem is proposed considering process parameter fluctuation which may amplify the variance of response. It is called POE(propagation of error), which is defined as the standard deviation of the transmitted variability in the response as a function of process parameters. In order to obtain more robust process parameter setting, a new desirability function is proposed by considering POE as well as distance-to-target of response and variance. The proposed method is illustrated using a rubber product case in Ribeiro et al. (2000).

높은 지향성을 갖는 Air Line 결합기 설계

길준범,이성원,최영호,박종임,안달,박준석 호서대학교 반도체제조장비국산화연구센터 2000 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2000 No.1

본 논문에서는, 일반적인 스트립 구조의 결합기가 갖는 문제 즉, 높은 온도에서 나쁜 특성을 보이는 문제점을 극복하고자 Air Line Type의 결합기를 구현하였다. 또한 이 결합기는 24dB이상의 지향성을 가지고 있다. 해석을 위해 짝수 모드와 홀수 모드 해석법을 사용하였고, EM-Simulation으로 확인한 특성과 실제 제작된 20dB, 30dB Cellular 대역(800∼900MHz) Air Line 결합기의 결고 특성은 좋은 일치를 보여주고 있다. 또한 최대 장점인 온도 특성은 온도 데이터를 통하여 온도에 강한 특성을 보임을 알 수 있다.

과량의 인슐린 투여로 인한 인위성 저혈당증 1예

김준우,안철우,남주영,김똘미,김영균,추적금,박종숙,박진아,조승현,김동연,김도연,윤수지,이경열,차봉수,김경래,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.2

본 저자들은 인위적인 인슐린 투여로 인한 인간성 저혈당증 1예에서 보존적인 치료로 의식기능은 회복하였으나, 현저한 인지능력 저하를 하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Factitious hypoglycemia is a covert attempt to lower the blood glucose concentration with insulin or a sulfonylurea agent. This attempt is mainly performed by the patients themselves. In a large series of diabetics who had overdosed on drug, less than 5% had used insulin for suicidal or homicidal purposes. Additionally, 4 of 204 hypoglycemic episodes were due to a suicide attempt with insulin. The onset of insulin action, its peak level, and duration, and the degree of hypoglycemia, are determined by insulin's pharmacokinetics. However, the final outcomes are not associated with the amount of insulin used. The complications related to insulin overdose are cerebral damage and hypokalemia. Other complications include, pulmonary edema attributed to congestive heart failure and hypertensive crisis, as well as respiratory insufficiency. We report this case with a review of the literature.

우심방을 침범한 거대 비호지킨씨 림프종 1예

강상범,진승원,이은경,박용현,최용호,김용주,박준철,김재형,홍순조,최규보,권종범,원용순,박건,이은희 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4