Distally-extending muscle fibers across involved joints: study of long muscles and tendons of wrist and ankle in late-term fetuses and adult cadavers

Shaohe Wang(Shaohe Wang),Shogo Hayashi(Shogo Hayashi ),Zhe-Wu Jin(Zhe-Wu Jin),Ji Hyun Kim(Ji Hyun Kim),Masahito Yamamoto(Masahito Yamamoto ),Gen Murakami(Gen Murakami ),Shinichi Abe(Shinichi Abe ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1

It is unclear whether forearm and crural muscle fibers extend distally across the wrist and ankle joints, respectively. We hypothesized, in late-term fetuses, an over-production of muscle bellies extending over the joint. Muscle fibers in histological sections from unilateral wrists and ankles of 16 late-term fetuses (30–40 weeks) were examined and compared with 15 adult cadavers. Muscle fibers of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) in fetuses, especially muscle bellies to the third and fourth fingers, were found to extend far distally beyond the radiocarpal joint. The extensor digitorum and extensor pollicis longus on the extensor side of the wrist were found to carry distally-extending muscle fibers, but these fibers did not extend beyond the distal end of the radius. In the ankle, most muscle bundles in the flexor hallucis longus (FHL), fibularis brevis (FB) and extensor digitorum longus extended distally beyond the talocrural joint, with most FB muscle fibers reaching the level of the talocalcaneal joint. In adult cadavers, muscle fibers of the FDP and FHL did not reach the levels of the radiocarpal and talocrural joints, respectively, whereas the FB muscle belly always reached the talocalcaneal joint. Similarly, some of the FDS reached the level of the radiocarpal joint. Generally, infants’ movements at the wrist and ankle could result in friction injury to over-extended muscle. However, the calcaneal and FDP tendons might protect the FB and FDS tendons, respectively, from friction stress.

The Complete Oxidation of Ethanol at Low Temperature over a Novel Pd-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃-TiO₂ Catalyst

Wang, Yanping,Zhao, Jinshuang,Wang, Xiaoli,Li, Zhe,Liu, Pengfei Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.8

Pd-$Ce/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalysts were prepared by combined sol-gel and impregnation methods. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, $H_2$-temperature-programmed reduction, $O_2$-temperature-programmed desorption, and ethanol oxidation experiments were conducted to determine the properties of the catalysts. Addition of an optimal amount of Ce improved the performance of the $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalyst in promoting the complete oxidation of ethanol. The catalyst with 1% Ce exhibited the highest activity, and catalyzed complete oxidation of ethanol at $175^{\circ}C$; its selectivity to $CO_2$ reached 87%. Characterization results show that addition of appropriate amount of Ce could enrich the PdO species, and weaken the Pd-O bonds, thus enhancing oxidation ability of the catalyst. Meanwhile, the introduction of $CeO_2$ could make PdO better dispersed on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$, which is beneficial for the improvement of the catalytic oxidation activity.

Step-up switched-capacitor multilevel inverter employing multiple inputs with reduced switches

Wang, Yaoqiang,Wang, Zhe,Liu, Wenjun,Zhang, Yun,Wang, Kewen,Liang, Jun The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.7

A large device count, weak boosting capability, and DC voltage imbalance are common issues in conventional multilevel inverters. In this paper, a novel multilevel inverter is presented that can generate the desired number of output levels with reduced devices by using new switched-capacitor circuits (SCCs). The two input sources and capacitors in the SCC can be switched in parallel and series modes. In the parallel mode, the capacitor voltage of the SCC is charged to the DC source voltage, which inherently solves the capacitor voltage imbalance issue without any auxiliary circuits. In the series mode, the capacitor can be used as an alternative source, which helps achieve a high voltage gain. The multiple input sources of the SCC make the proposed topology suitable for application in renewable energy generation systems where several DC sources are available. Instead of an H-bridge module, a structure with two half-bridges and two switches is used as a polarity generation circuit at the load terminal. The input sources of two SCCs can be selected as symmetric and asymmetric patterns, which can result in a great number of output voltage levels. The circuit topology, operational principle, modulation strategy, capacitor analysis, and performance comparisons of the inverter are described in this paper. In addition, experimental results verify the feasibility and validity of the inverter.

APPLICATIONS OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES IN POROUS HARD TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS

ZHE WANG,ZHURONG TANG,FANGZHU QING,YOULIANG HONG,XINGDONG ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2012 NANO Vol.7 No.4

To repair bone defects, an important approach is to fabricate tissue engineering sca®olds as substitutions to replace auto-/allologous bones. Currently, processing a biomaterial into threedimensional porous sca®olds and incorporating the calcium phosphate (Ca?P) nanoparticles into sca®olds pro¯le two main characteristics of bone tissue engineering sca®olds. Based on this fact, in this paper we describe the design principles of the Ca?P nanoparticle-based and porous bone tissue engineering sca®olds. Then we summarize a variety of the Ca?P nanoparticle-based sca®olds, including discussion of the integration of the Ca?P nanoparticles with ceramics and polymers, followed by introduction of safety of the Ca?P nanoparticles in scaffolds.

Prognostic Significance of α5β1-integrin Expression in Cervical Cancer

Wang, Hua-Yi,Chen, Zhe,Wang, Zhu-Hui,Wang, Hong,Huang, Li-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of expression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in cervical cancer. Levels of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin in normal cervical mucosa and cervical cancer tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method was performed to assess prognostic significance. ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin expression was detected in 84.6% (143/169) cervical cancer samples, significantly different from that in normal cervical mucosa (P < 0.05). Positive expression rates of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin in patients with poor histologic differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence were elevated. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, a comparison of survival curves of low versus high expression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin revealed a highly significant difference in human cervical cancer cases (P < 0.05), suggesting that overexpression of ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin is associated with a worse prognosis.The ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin promotes angiogenesis and associates with lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. The current study indicated that ${\alpha}5{\beta}1$-integrin may be an independent prognostic factor for cervical cancer patients.

Leaching characteristics and curing mechanism of magnesium phosphate cement solidified zinc-contaminated soil in an acid rain environment

Zhe Wang,Hangjun Zhu,Xuehui Wu,Binpin Wei,Hongli Zhou,Sifa Xu 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.4

A semi-dynamic leaching test was used to simulate the erosion effect of acid rain on magnesium phosphate cement (MPC)-stabilized/solidified zinc-contaminated soil. The leaching characteristics and curing mechanism were studied with a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Influences of the initial pH value of the simulated acid rain, the ratio of the curing agent (MgO/KH₂PO₄, abbreviated M/P), and the mass of water glass on the leaching characteristics of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> and conductivity in the leachate of the sample were studied. It is shown that the curing effect of the cement component on Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> is better for M/P = 6 when compared to M/P = 4 in a strong acid environment. While in a weak acid environment, it is observed that the curing effect is superior when M/P = 4. Also it is observed that 4% water glass content can effectively improve the cement curing effect of heavy metal Zn in an acid rain environment. These results indicate that water glass can be effectively applied to MPC solidified heavy metal Zn.

Bus-Based Content Offloading for Vehicular Networks

Zhe Wang,Zhangdui Zhong,Minming Ni,Miao Hu,Chih-Yung Chang 한국통신학회 2017 Journal of communications and networks Vol.19 No.3

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) represent the promising technologies for comfort driving and infotainment applications which rely heavily on the content offloading. Due to the rapid change of network topology and intermittent connection, it is a big challenge to satisfy the content requests from multi-sedans at the same time. This paper proposes a bus-based content offloading (BBCO) algorithm which aims to maximize the volume of offloaded content from bus to sedans while the offloading opportunity fairness of each sedan is also taken into consideration. By predicting the number of buses which the sedan would encounter in its future path and estimating the transmission rate, the BBCO algorithm schedules the content offloading service for sedans slot by slot to maximize the offloaded content volume and guarantee the offloading opportunity fairness. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by extensive simulations.

A thermal design method for the performance optimization of multi-stream plate-fin heat exchangers

Zhe Wang,Fenghui Han,Bengt Sundén,Yanzhong Li 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.6

An optimization design method based on field synergy principle is developed for Multi-stream plate-fin heat exchangers (MPHEs)with a segmented differential model. The heat exchanger is divided into a number of sub-exchangers along the main stream, and eachsub-exchanger consists of N passages along the height of the exchanger. Compared with the traditional heat exchanger design, this methodallows temperature and pressure fields to be obtained via coupling calculation with consideration of variable physical properties andthe axial heat loss of the heat exchanger. Finally, the heat exchanger is optimally designed using a temperature-difference uniformityoptimization factor based on field synergy principle. This design model can provide an accurate temperature field and pressure field,because the stream properties are determined by the mean temperature and pressure of each local sub-exchanger. Optimum results indicatethat the temperature distribution on the cross section of the heat exchanger is relatively uniform and that the temperature differenceof heat transfer for each stream is always a small value. These characteristics prove the feasibility and effectiveness of this design model. In this paper, a case of five stream plate-fin heat exchangers for an ethylene plant is designed under a practical cold box operating conditionwith the proposed model, the structure and heat transfer of which are optimally determined. The design model and optimizationmethod proposed in this work can provide theoretical and technical support to the optimization design of MPHEs.

Leader-following Non-fragile Consensus Control of Fuzzy Multi-agent Fractional Order Interval Systems

Zhe Wang,Dingyu Xue,Xuefeng Zhang,Qing-Guo Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

The consensus control of fuzzy multi-agent fractional order interval systems (MA-FOISs) is proposed in this brief. Firstly, a new model of fuzzy MA-FOISs based on the non-fragile observer is presented. Then, by using the technologies of generalised matrix singular value decomposition (SVD) and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), the sufficient conditions for determining the consensus of fuzzy MA-FOISs are given through the equivalence of the stability and the consensus of multi-agent systems (MASs). Moreover, when the actual system does not need to be described by the fuzzy set, the consensus conditions for the MA-FOISs are given. Finally, the validity of the results given are illustrated by the numerical example.

Numerical Study on Lateral Buckling of Fully Bonded Sandwich Pipes

Zhe Wang,Zhi-Hua Chen,Yongyu He,Hongbo Liu 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.3

Sandwich pipes (SP) are promising subsea pipelines for deep-water applications. Thus, their lateral buckling response is a significant design aspect. The temperature field of SP denotes the load in lateral buckling analysis, and it is calculated using the heat transfer differential equation in this study. A general temperature field formula is proposed for an arbitrary multilayer SP, and this formula is verified by finite element models. Another finite element model based on the fiber shell element is then constructed to investigate the lateral buckling response of SP. They are validated by existing experimental and numerical results. The evolution of the lateral buckling profiles and of stress distribution are studied in consideration of nonlinear pipe-soil interaction and nonlinear material constitutive law. Moreover, the influence of initial imperfections and pipe-soil interaction on lateral buckling response is examined. Finally, a formula is approximated for a SP with a half-wave sinusoidal imperfection profile on the basis of dimensionless analysis and numerical results. This formula is convenient for engineering applications.