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Study on Foreign Body Passage in an Ultra-Small Axial Flow Hydraulic Turbine
Yasuyuki Nishi,Tomoyuki Kobori,Yutaka Kobayashi,Terumi Inagaki,Norio Kikuchi 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1
Ultra-small axial flow hydraulic turbines, which are of the size of your palm, are a type of turbine that can be applied to the low heads of existing pipelines and open channels. However, due to their compact size, they are more likely to malfunction in case of foreign body contamination. In our study, we observed the passage of foreign bodies through an ultra-small axial flow hydraulic turbine and their encounter with the blocking mechanism of the turbine. We selected polyethylene ropes of varying lengths with a wire diameter of 5 mm to serve as foreign bodies. By varying the length of the rope, we were able to visually observe the movement of the foreign body. The turbine’s blocking mechanism can be broadly classified as guide vanes or runners. In the case of runner, blocking occurs when foreign bodies are bent and are caught at the leading edge of the blade. The passage rate through the hydraulic turbine is largely dependent on the passage rate at the runner section, which decreases proportionally with the length of the foreign body and the rotational speed of the blades.
Flattening simulations of 3D thick sheets made of fiber composite materials
Morioka, Kotaro,Ohtake, Yutaka,Suzuki, Hiromasa,Nagai, Yukie,Hishida, Hiroyuki,Inagaki, Koichi,Nakamura, Takeshi,Watanabe, Fumiaki Society for Computational Design and Engineering 2015 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.2 No.2
Recently, fiber composite materials have been attracting attention from industry because of their remarkable material characteristics, including light weight and high stiffness. However, the costs of products composed of fiber materials remain high because of the lack of effective manufacturing and designing technologies. To improve the relevant design technology, this paper proposes a novel simulation method for deforming fiber materials. Specifically, given a 3D model with constant thickness and known fiber orientation, the proposed method simulates the deformation of a model made of thick fiber-material. The method separates a 3D sheet model into two surfaces and then flattens these surfaces into two dimensional planes by a parameterization method with involves cross vector fields. The cross vector fields are generated by propagating the given fiber orientations specified at several important points on the 3D model. Integration of the cross vector fields gives parameterization with low-stretch and low-distortion.
( Wataru Ando ),( Hiroaki Yokomori ),( Nobuhiro Tsutsui ),( Eigoro Yamanouchi ),( Yutaka Suzuki ),( Masaya Oda ),( Yutaka Inagaki ),( Katsuya Otori ),( Isao Okazaki ) 대한간학회 2018 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.24 No.1
Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is prevalent in both economically developed and developing countries. Twenty percent of NASH progresses to cirrhosis with/without hepatocellular carcinoma, and there is an urgent need to find biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring progression of the disease. Using immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic examination we previously reported that expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP- 1) increased in monocytes, Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells in early stage NASH. The present study investigated whether serum MMP-1 levels reflect disease activity and pharmaceutical effects in NASH patients. Methods: We measured the serum levels of MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and several cytokines/ chemokines in patients with histologically proven early and advanced stages of NASH and compared them with those in healthy controls. Results: Serum MMP-1 levels in stage 1 fibrosis, but not in the more advanced fibrosis stages, were significantly higher than in healthy controls (P=0.019). There was no correlation between serum MMP-1 level and fibrosis stage. Serum MMP- 1 levels in NASH patients represented disease activity estimated by serum aminotransferase values during the followup period. In contrast, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMPs did not change with disease activity. Consistent with the finding that MMP-1 is expressed predominantly in monocytes and Kupffer cells, serum levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor were significantly increased in NASH with stage 1 fibrosis. Conclusions: These results suggest that serum MMP-1 levels represent disease activity and may serve as a potential biomarker for monitoring the progression of NASH. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2018;24:61-76)
Inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 attenuates against intestinal fibrosis in mice
( Jin Imai ),( Takashi Yahata ),( Hitoshi Ichikawa ),( Abd Aziz Ibrahim ),( Masaki Yazawa ),( Hideaki Sumiyoshi ),( Yutaka Inagaki ),( Masashi Matsushima ),( Takayoshi Suzuki ),( Tetsuya Mine ),( Kiyo 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims: Intestinal fibrosis is a major complication of Crohn’s disease (CD). The profibrotic protein transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been considered to be critical for the induction of the fibrotic program. TGF-β has the ability to induce not only the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagen, but also the production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) that prevents enzymatic degradation of the ECM during the onset of fibrotic diseases. However, the significance of PAI-1 in the developing intestinal fibrosis has not been fully understood. In the present study, we examined the actual expression of PAI-1 in fibrotic legion of intestinal inflammation and its correlation with the abnormal ECM deposition. Methods: Chronic intestinal inflammation was induced in BALB/c mice using 8 repeated intrarectal injections of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). TM5275, a PAI-1 inhibitor, was orally administered as a carboxymethyl cellulose suspension each day for 2 weeks after the sixth TNBS injection. Results: Using a publicly available dataset (accession number, GSE75214) and TNBS-treated mice, we observed increases in PAI-1 transcripts at active fibrotic lesions in both patients with CD and mice with chronic intestinal inflammation. Oral administration of TM5275 immediately after the onset of intestinal fibrosis upregulated MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) and decreased collagen accumulation, resulting in attenuation of the fibrogenesis in TNBS-treated mice. Conclusions: PAI-1-mediated fibrinolytic system facilitates collagen degradation suppression. Hence, PAI-1 inhibitor could be applied as an anti-fibrotic drug in CD treatment. (Intest Res 2020;18:219-228)