A simple approach to estimate the mechanical properties of collagen-like microfibrils surrounded by water

Young-june Yoon,Cheol-soo Bae,Ho-sik Park 한국멀티미디어학회 2010 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2010 No.-

The effective Young's modulus of a microfibril surrounded by water may be simply calculated by using the upper (Voigt) and lower (Reuss) bounds. The result is compared to the Young's modulus estimated by using the Steered Molecular Dynamics (SMD) (Zhang et al. 2007). Our result shows 9.2% difference from the result estimated by SMD, but the steps using these bounds are much simpler than SMD..

당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 혈증 Erythropoietin 농도

김동규,유기동,허광식,김상용,윤성호,조영신,권용은,김태원,김건영,정종훈,배학연 조선의대 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

도시지역 합류식 하수관거 월류수의 오염부하 특성

윤현식,이두진,이영대 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 2003 環境科學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

합류식 하수관거 월류수(Combined sewer overflow, CSOs)는 도시 인근 방류선 수체의 주요한 오염원의 하나로 알려져 있으며, 특히 강우초기 월류수의 경우 높은 오염부하가 일시에 방류되어 심각한 문제를 야기시킨다. 본 연구에서는 도시지역 합류식 하수관거 월류수의 발생 및 오염부하 특성을 분석하고, 초기강우에 의한 세척효과, 오염원 기여도 평가 등을 수행하였다. 강우사상에 따라 다소 차이가 있었으나, 합류식 하수관거 월류수가 건기하수에 비하여 오염부하가 전반적으로 높았으며, 특히 월류초기에는 매우 고농도로 측정되었다. 근사적인 오염물질 수지식을 통하여 관거퇴적물의 재부유에 의한 오염기여도가 가장 높았다. 무차원 L(V)곡선이 초기세척현상(First flush)을 잘 표현하였으며 SS, CODcr, T-P, T-N의 순으로 초기세척효과가 크게 나타났다. Combined sewer overflows(CSOs) have been considered as a major cause of water quality deterioration of natural water-courses in the vicinity of the heavily urbanized areas. The factors defining the magnitude and occurrence of CSOs are site specific. It is important to know exact properties of pollutants contained in CSOs to address water quality impacts that are caused by CSOs inputs to the receiving waters. This should be accompanied with an integrated analysis, evaluation programs, thus allowing us to an appropriate technology to alleviate the impacts. Pollutant concentrations measured during the storm events were generally higher than those of dry weather conditions except for T-N parameter and observed significant higher concentrations at the initial phase of CSOs. Based on the rough estimation by the proposed pollutant mass balance, it was found that a main part of wet weather pollutional loads originates from the resuspension of sewer bottom sediments. The dimensionless L(V) curves for determining whether first flush phenomenon occur or not were well described the pollutant flushing. These results show that a given fraction of volume contains a load of SS higher than CODcr, T-P, T-N in the initial phase of wet weather runoff.

임신 40주와 출산 후 6주에 있는 20대 임산부 보행의 역학적 특성 비교

윤희중,문동안,정남주,금명숙,이경식,유실,김영란,한윤수 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 임신 40주와 출산후 6주간에 있는 임산부의 보행 동작의 특정을 규명함으로써 이와 관련된 연구자들에게 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 이를 위해 임신 4주에 있는 임산부를 대상으로 1차 실험을 실시하였으며 동일한 대상자를 출산후 6주에 2차로 실험하여 자료를 수집하였다. 디지타이징 시 오차를 최소화하고 인체관절점의 분별을 위해 21개의 반사마커를 부착하였다. 10m의 보행주로를 걷는 동안 두 대의 비디오카메라를 이용하여60Hz로 자료를 수집하였으며 동시에 100Hz 지면반력자료를 수집하였다.수집되어진 자료는 DLT 방법을 사용하여 분석하였으며 이의 분석에 Kwon3d 프로그램을 활용하였다. 분석결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 임신 40주와 출산 후 6주의 보행 시 지지시간과 스윙시간의 비율이 다르게 나타났으며 보폭과 보간, 활보장은 임신 40주에서 더 큰 값을 보였다. 상체 전경각 역시 임신 40주에서 더 큰 값을 보였다. 힙관절, 무릎관절, 발목관절각도는 S1이 출산후 6주에서 큰 값을 보인반면 S2는 출산전후에 큰 변화를 보이지 않다. 2. 상하지면반력의 경우 FP1과 FP2는 임신 40주보다는 출산 6주에서 큰값을 보였지만 FP3는 임신 40주에서 보다 큰값을 보이고 있었다. 전후지면반력의 경우 출산전과 후 모두 Fy2에서 보다 큰 값을 보이고 있었다. This Study was to investigate kinematical characteristic comparison of the gait pregnant 40weeks and after delivery 6weeks 20´s women and provide the basic data. To accomplish this study, in the first, carry out an experiment with the pregnant women in the pregnant 40weeks on the videotape, and than the second, make an experiment with the kinematic data. Kinematic data were filtered with a low-pass, fourth-order Butterworth filter with an effective cut off frequency of 6Hz. The conclusions were drawn as follows; 1. Floor contact Periods(stance and swing rate) were differed from before and after the delivery and a pregnant 40 weeks was greater than after delivery 6 weeks in the step, width, stride. Also, a pregnant 40 weeks was greater than after delivery 6 weeks in the front angular. And the other angular components were represented similar pattern. 2. In the vertical load, delivery 6 weeks was grater than a pregnant 40 weeks in the FP1(first peak) and FP2(valley). And FP3(second peak)was represent that a pregnant 40 weeks was greater than delivery 6 weeks. Also, in the horizontal shear, Fy2(progressional force)was greater than Fy1(breaking force) about time of the delivery.

Paraquat 중독환자의 초기검사로서 sodium dithionite를 이용한 소변내 paraquat검출의 임상적 의의

윤갑준,임경수,이진웅,김영식,이부수,박덕우,김선만,이강현,황성오,안무업 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Background : Mortality from paraquat intoxication depends upon plasma paraquat concentration. To know the severity of paraquat intoxication is important for directing therapeutic modality and predicting prognosis. Sodium dithionite test for urinary paraquat provides an easy and simple method to determine the severity of paraquat intoxication in emergency department. purpose : To determine whether the result urinary paraquat test by sodium dithionite can predict outcome in patients with paraquat intoxication in emergency department. Subjects : 48 patients(male 31, female 17, mean age 37 years) who had exposure to paraquat and presented within 24 hours after exposure. Result : Thirty five patients were positive in paraquat urine test and thirteen patients were negative. Clinical manifestations were more severe in positive patients than in negatives. Complication was much more in positives than in negatives. 28 of 35 patients(80%) in positives and 2 of 13 patients(15%) in negatives died. Conclusion : Positive test for urinary paraquat is associated with high mortality and morbidity from paraquat intoxication, and qualitative test for urinary paraquat by sodium dithionite is an useful method to determine the severity of paraquat intoxication in emergency department.

디지털 위서 통신 채널의 비선형성 보상을 위한 신경회로망 등화기의 설계 및 평가

윤병문,김정희,임영선,진근식,신요안 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

A digital satellite communication channel has a strong nonlinearity with memory due to saturation characteristics of the high power amplifier in the satellite and transmitter/receiver filters used in the overall system, and can be well modelled by a nonlinear Volterra series. In this paper, we design and evaluate neural network based adaptive equalizers for compensation of nonlinearities in digital satellite communication channels. We consider CMLP (complex multi-layered perception). CRBFN (complex radial basis function network) and complex ρth order Volterra filter as equalizers, and evaluate their performances in terms of symbol error rate under various noise conditions. In particular, a complex hybrid learning algorithm of k-means clustering and LMS (least mean squares) algorithm is proposed for the CRBFN. Computer simulation results show good performance for all the equalizers considered

위암환자에서 BrdU에 의하여 유도되는 Fragile sites의 발현

윤숙자,한승로,정옥,김수일,박경란,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.1

The expression frequency of BrdU-induced fragile sites was examined in stomach cancer patients to determine whether this parameter could be used as a marker of genetic susceptibility in at-risk individuals. G banding performed to detect fragile sites. No difference was found in expression frequency between the stomach cancer patients and a group of normal individuals(p=0.7). This indicates that the expression frequency of BrdU-induced fragile sites is not a suitable marker for assessing genetic susceptibility in stomach cancer patient.

관성타원을 이용한 다관절의 로보트의 동특성 해석

윤영식,이상조 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 논문집 Vol.19 No.1

The dynamic characteristics of multi-body such as an articulated arm is analyzed and simulated by using the generalized inertia ellipsoid(GIE). Unlike the inertia ellipsoid of a single body, the GIE of multi-body, changes its shape and orientation depending on the configuration of the arm because of nonlinear effects like Coriolis and centrifugal forces. The reciprocal of the square root of the maximum eigenvalue of generalized inertia tensor of the arm tip is corresponding to the minor axis and to the maximum resultant inertia. The speed of the arm tip is maximum along the direction of the eigenvector of the generalized inertia tensor (and vice versa). The results of this study can be applied to design of the robot structure, i.e. the design parameters of the robot can be determined to have an isotropic inertia characteristics and reduce the nonlinear effects through the working space of the robot.

골아세포 MC₃T₃-E₁의 증식과 기능에 Insulin Like Growth Factor Ⅰ, Ⅱ 및 부갑상선 호르몬이 미치는 영향

윤현구,정호연,양인명,김성운,김진우,김광원,김영설,최영길,서광식 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.1

MC₃T₃-E₁골아세포군을 이용하여 IGF-Ⅰ과 Ⅱ를 투여하고 DNA합성과 골아세포기능을 측정하기 위해 PTH에 대한 C-AMP반응정도, alkaline phosphatase 활성도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) IGF-Ⅰ과 Ⅱ는 모두 DNA합성이 어느 농도까지는 증식효과를 나타내지만 그 이후에는 억제되는 양상을 보였다. 2) PTH에 대한 골아세포의 C-AMP반응으로 증가되었지만 IGF-Ⅰ과 Ⅱ의 투여시 농도변화에 따른 의미있는 변화는 없었다. 3) 본 실험의 조건에서 alkaline phosphatase 활성도는 증가되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 MC₃T₃-E₁ 골아세포에 IGF-Ⅰ과 Ⅱ는 세포의 증식을 자극하여 PTH는 C-AMP생성을 촉진하는 효과가 있었다. The effect of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) Ⅰ and Ⅱ on cloned MC₃T₃-E₁ cells that had osteoblastic activity was examined by [³H] thymidine incorporation into DNA, cyclic AMP responsiveness to parathyroid hormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphatase activity. IGF Ⅰ and Ⅱ stimulated the growth and proliferation of osteoblastic cells at 20ng/㎖ and 50ng/㎖, respectively. We next examined the effect of IGF-Ⅰ and Ⅱ on the expression of osteoblastic activity. Adenylate cyclase response of PTH to IGF-Ⅰ and Ⅱ-treated cells showed maximal stimulation at 10 and 50㎚PTH, respectively, but IGF Ⅰ and Ⅱ induced limited activity of osteoblastic function. In conclusion, IGF-Ⅰ and Ⅱ were potent stimulators to the growth of osteoblastic cells but did not have an immediate effect on expression of osteoblastic function in this experiment.

테니스 포핸드시 밀어치기와 때려치기 타법의 운동학적 분석

윤양진,정미라,서국웅,이훈식,황명숙,강영택,윤길환 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study consists in clarifying the meaning of various angles and velocity, and two types of the stroke of a pushing shot and hitting shot through the three-dimensional image analyses among the factors of exercise. To attain the purpose of such studies, the result of experiment and analysis for each of three athletes of boys and girls in high school and three persons in general came to the conclusion as follows; 1. The last motion of a group of A having a command of a follow shot showed greatly, compared with two groups of B and C, and this showed that a group of A took a rectilinear motion greatly to gain power and two group of B and C took a rotary motion greatly to gain speed. 2. A group of A having a command of a pushing shot move body weight forward from behind and give the first consideration to a rectilinear motion, and two groups of B and C having a command of the stroke of hitting shot used the turning of the shoulder and the waist and gave much weight to a rotary motion than a rectilinear one. 3. The position of the hitting point of a group of A having a command of a pushing shot turned out to be the waist, and that of the hitting point of two groups of B and C, the chest, and namely this showed that the position of the hitting point was decided according to the form of the stroke and pictures of various kinds. 4. In impacting, the speed decreased, for the power was controled to keep an accurate timing of stroke just before impacting