Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

법랑질 접착에 대한 습윤 효과

고근호,조영곤,진철희,유상훈,김종욱,박병철,기영재,최희영,김종진 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3

This study evaluated the microleakage and interfacial gap between enamel and composite resin under the dry and wet condition of the enamel surface, V shaped class 5 cavities were prepared on the occlusal portion of extracted human molars. Samples were divided into three groups: D group (air dry for 10-15s), BD group (blot dry with moist cotton pellet), and DR group (air dry for 10-15s and rewet with Aqua-Prep F for 20s). Cavities were filled using Aelitefil composite resin after applied One-Step. Microleakage was tested by 2% methylene blue dye solution and the data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Also Enamel-resin interface was observed under SEM. Group BD showed statistically lower microleakage than group D (p〈0.05). but there was no statistically significant difference between group BD and DR (p)0.05). At the enamel-resin interface, group D showed the gap of 2 ㎛ thickness, but group BD and DR showed close adaptation. In conclusion, the use of blot dry and rewetting agent (Aqua-Prep F) resulted in decreased microleakage and improved adhesion between enamel and resin when using One-Step.

자질면의 통합과 자질계층 이론

고영진 대한언어학회 1994 언어학 Vol.2 No.-

Ko, Young-jin(1994). Plane Conflation and Feature Geometry. Linguistics vol. 2. We can explicitly analyse phonological processes by Feature Geometry(FG). FG has some problems, however, to analyse phonological processes, concerning adjacent consonants and vowels. It cannot classify consonants and vowels as a natural class. It does not have any features to classify them. Try to solve such a problem, Clements(1989, 1991) suggests the unification of the features of consonants and vowels. Her suggestion solves the problem, but ignores the hierarchical difference between Consonant and Vowel place node in FG. To solve the problem, this paper suggests plane conflation of consonant and vowel place plane. Second, it divides phonological processes into two types of phonological processes such as linear and nonlinear. Third, conflates consonants and vowels place planes when the phonological process is linear. Finally, proves the suggested method by some Korean phonological processes.

조음점자질 [cor]의 미표시

고영진 대한언어학회 1995 언어학 Vol.3 No.-

Ko Young-Jin(1995). [cor] underspecification in FG. Linguistics vol 3. Such phonologists as Pulleyblank (1986), Archangeli & Pulleyblank(1986), Archangeli(1988)introduce the underspecification theory to Feature Geometry(FG). In coronals, unmarked and universal segments, Feature Geometry does not have any place features as a terminal feature of the place node, so it has no place node also. The FG explains naturally some questionable phonological processes as coronal assimilation, vowel harmony. and consonant liaison. The attachment of [cor] underspecification to FG is useful. However, it has serious problems also to analyze some phonological processes. For example, vowel harmony does not always occur across coronals, in some cases the medial consonants are not coronals. In this case [cor] underspecification is useless. And it is doubtful to explain the resyllabification of the preceding complex segments coda as a following syllable onset and non-transparency of coronals in Korean umlaut and some Korean vowel harmony. Finally, this paper is not content with only showing some problems of [cor] underspecification in FG, steps further, suggests some alternations to the [cor] underspecification. It is replaced by spreading and delinking for coda neutralization and assimilation, by Grave node as a subordinate node of the place node for Korean umlaut, by segregation of vowel and consonant place nodes for vowel harmony, and by conflation of vowel and consonant place nodes for some phonological processes concerning adjacent consonants and vowels.

Aerobic Exercise Affects Myostatin Expression in Aged Rat Skeletal Muscles: A Possibility of Antiaging Effects of Aerobic Exercise Related With Pelvic Floor Muscle and Urethral Rhabdosphincter

Ko, Il Gyu,Jeong, Jin Woo,Kim, Young Hoon,Jee, Yong Seok,Kim, Sung Eun,Kim, Sang Hoon,Jin, Jun Jang,Kim, Chang Ju,Chung, Kyung Jin Korean Continence Society 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.2

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Aging-induced loss of muscle mass and subsequent reduction of strength is a fundamental cause of frailty, functional decline, and disability. And this may lead to muscular dysfunction, voiding dysfunction, or urinary incontinence due to pelvic muscle weakness induced by aging. Physical exercise has been recommended for the prevention and the treatment of these age-related frail states. We investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on muscle strength, myostatin mRNA and protein expression, and gastrocnemius myocytes proliferation in aged rats to investigate the possible antiaging effects of aerobic exercise on skeletal muscles such as pelvic floor muscles and urethral rhabdosphincter muscle.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In this study, 5-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as the young-age group (n=20) and 24-month-old rats were used as the old-age group (n=20). Each group was randomly divided into two groups (n=10 in each group): the sedentary and the treadmill exercise group. The rats in the exercise groups were forced to run on a motorized treadmill for 30 minutes, once a day, for 6 weeks. For this study, a weight load test, hematoxylin and eosin staining, real-time and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for myostatin mRNA, myostatin western blot, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry were performed in the gastrocnemius muscle.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The age-induced reduction of muscle mass and strength was associated with a decrease in myocyte proliferation and an increase in myostatin mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius. However, treadmill exercise improved muscle mass and strength through suppression of myostatin mRNA and protein expression, and myocyte proliferation increase in the gastrocnemius against the aging process.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Aerobic exercise is a useful strategy for enhancing muscle function against aging-induced loss of skeletal muscle mass and functions.</P>

모국어 습득과정에 입각한 효율적인 외국어교수방안

고영진 대한언어학회 1999 언어학 Vol.7 No.1

Ko Young-Jin. 1999. An Effective Foreign Language Teaching Based on the Process of Mother Tongue Acquisition, Linguistics, 7-1, 305-324. Until three or four years ago, the supreme goal of our English as a foreign language education was to have a perfect grammatical knowledge. And at that time all of us only began to study English after graduating elementary school. However, as we already know from the study of language acquisition, the function of the human language acquisition device decreases its ability almost entirely by 13 or 14 years old. According to this theory, our past English education made impossible to acquire linguistic ability perfectly. Thus this study suggests some alternatives, learning English at an early age and learning English according to the process of mother tongue acquisition. And the teachers, when they teach English based on the suggested alternatives, must have no attention to teaching the students but only perform an assistant role for the students to learn English such as giving them many chances to hear English sentences, making the circumstances for them to converse in English, and so on. (Daejin University)

Age-dependent differences of treadmill exercise on spatial learning ability between young- and adult-age rats

Jun-Jang Jin,Il-Gyu Ko,Sung-Eun Kim,Lakkyong Hwang,Man-Gyoon Lee,Dae-Young Kim,Sun-Young Jung 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.4

Localization of Antigenic Sites at the Amino-terminus of Rinderpest Virus N Protein Using Deleted N Mutants and Monoclonal Antibody

Kang-seuk Choi,Jin-ju Nah,Young-joon Ko,Shien-young Kang,Yi-seol Joo 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

of Antigenic Sites at the Amino-terminus of Rinderpest Virus N Protein Using Deleted N Mutants and Monoclonal AntibodyKang-seuk Choi*, Jin-ju Nah, Young-joon Ko, Shien-young Kang1 and Yi-seok JooNational Veterinary Research and Quarantine service, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 480 Anyang, Gyounggi 430-824, Korea1Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, KoreaReceived April 2, 2003 / Accept July 10, 2003J. Vet. Sci. (2003), 4(2), 167-173JOURNAL OFVeterinaryScience*Corresponding author: Kang-seuk Choi National Veterinary Research and Quarantine service, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 480 Anyang, Gyounggi 430-824, Korea Tel: +82-31-467-1860, Fax: +82-31-449-5882 E-mail: choiks@nvrqs.go.kr

심한 골병변으로 발현된 기능성 낭종성 부갑상선 선종

전숙,김영희,박지영,고관표,박철영,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,고석환 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.2

낭종성 부갑상선 선종과 심한 골병변을 동반한 부갑상선 기능항진증은 매우 드문 질환으로서, 저자들은 양측 고관절의 통증을 초기 주소로 내원한 환자에서 고칼슘혈증과 부갑상선 호르몬 증가, 골병변의 방사선적 소견을 통해 부갑상선 기능항진증을 진단하고, 경부 초음파와 컴퓨터 단층 촬영, 부갑상선 스캔검사 및 수술중 부갑상선 낭종액 검사 등을 통해 기능성 부갑상선 낭종의 한 종류인 낭종성 부갑상선 선종을 진단하고 수술적 제거를 통하여 정상화된 1예를 경험하였다. A cystic parathyroid adenoma is rare. A case of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the cystic formation of a parathyroid adenoma and a severe bony lesion, is reported. A 52-year-old male was admitted due to pain in both hips and for evaluation of hypercalcemia. The plasma level of the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was elevated to 1424 pg/mL. Ultrasonography and the computed tomography revealed a parathyroid cyst on the left thyroid lower pole. Parathyroid scintigraphy detected a parathyroid adenoma. A radiograph showed a subperiosteal bone resorption on the phalanges, and a brown tumor (osteitis fibrosa cystica) on the femur shaft was noted. A surgical excision of the parathyroid adenoma was performed. The PTH level in the cystic fluid was increased. A histological examination confirmed a cystic parathyroid adenoma. The PTH level was normalized after the operation (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:214-220, 2003).

평생 스포츠 발전을 위한 우리나라 직업인들의 여가실태에 관한 조사연구

陳重義,高永哲 龍仁大學校 1993 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The method of study was realized through questionraires to public servants, company employes, teachers, doctors, pharmacists, ermchants and theoretical studies. In consequence, following results are altained, 1) There were not lots of persons to take the sports while being in the activities of leisure, and they showed lowsense of satisfaction, and money used for sports has been little. 2) Sports leaders are needed for the activity of leisure, especially, the leaders majoring insports and physical education are suitable. 3) Many persons play for their health, and on the other hand, considerable personsolon't play for their health. 4) Sports is absolutely needed for the activity of leisure and taking sports while having leisure is very helpful to their life, but there lacks sports facilities to play with. 5) A trend to select anitem of life long sports is placed in the other of climbing, tennis and golf, and the reason of selection is turned to aptitude and interesting. The selected items are very popularnow, and many persons have exjestation to start of once. 6) The pharmacist has less interests in viewing sports, TV and radio, and the comployee, much interests thereon. 7) The person who would like to enjoy sports while having leisure but who has no time to enjoy leisure shows 75.4%, and few persons maintain sports facilities. 8) In order to relieve stress, in case of man, many men answer drinking, and in case of woman, many women answer pussing a quite time alone and passing time to sleep alone. There are even consider able persons who play sports, and merchants show that they drink wine.