급성 췌장염의 시대적 변화

김배영(Bai Young Kim),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),정형근(Hyung Keun Chung),김영관(Young Kwan Kim),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),이정일(Jung Il Lee),장영운(Young Woon Chang),장린(Rin Chang) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

N/A Background: According to the rapid changes in social environment such as increasing alcohol consumption and the marked improvement in diagnostic technique, we expect that there have been major changes in various aspects of acute pancreatitis during the recent 12 years in Korea. Methods: The medical records of 317 patients with acute pancreatitis diagnosed from 1980 through 1992 were reviewed about clinical, laboratory and radiological findings in the three different time period. Results: 1) There has been an increasing incidence in male sex about three folds. 2) There has been an increasing trends in the duration of hospitalization. 3) A significant increase was observed in the proportion of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis in the three different time period; 26.9%, 45.7%, 50.7% respectively. 4) The complication rates have been slightly increased in the three different time period; 46.3%, 47.1%, 59.1% respectively. But, the type of complications has not been changed. 5) There is increasing severity in non-gallstone group, but no significant differences in gallstone group. There is a declining trends in the number of patients with muld severity index, but increasing trend in the number of patients with moderate severity index in non-gallstone group. 6) There was no significant differences in mortality rate. Conclusions: There has been major changes in the etiology ans severity of acute pancreatitis from 1980 through 1992. Especially, significant increase in the proportion of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis was observed in the three differnt time period. These results might be due to socioeconomic changes.

COLOR STABILITY OF CURRENT PROSTHETIC COMPOSITES UNDER ACCELERATED AGING AND IMMERSION IN A COFFEE SOLUTION

Kim, Hyo-Jin,Heo, Seong-Joo,Koak, Jai-Young,Chang, Ik-Tae The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2002 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.40 No.3

The color stability of current prosthetic composites is unknown, even though the quality of composite materials has been improving. This study examined the intrinsic color stability of various current prosthetic resins (ceramic-polymers) after an accelerated aging process and the extrinsic color stability after immersion in a coffee solution. By comparing the amount of discoloration after aging with that without aging, the effect of the accelerated aging process on external discoloration could be evaluated. Three current prosthetic composites (Artglass, Targis, Sculpture), one light polymerized direct composite (Z100) and one dental porcelain control (Ceramco) were assessed. The color changes (${\Delta}$E) of all the specimens were determined using the CIE $L^{*}a^{*}b^{*}$ color order system with a reflected spectrophotometer. The results were as follows: 1. The prosthetic composite materials subjected to the accelerated aging test showed no significant difference in color changes (p >.05). 2. In the coffee solution immersion test after the aging process, the color changes of the Targis and Artglass groups were not different from that of the Z100 group, which showed the highest color change. 3. In the immersion only test, a significantly high color change was observed in the sculpture glazing group. 4. The aging process influenced on the color changes more in the Targis, Artglass and Z100 groups than in the Sculpture and Ceramco groups.

급성 췌장염으로 발현된 낭성 변화를 이릉킨 종격동 부갑상선 선종 1예

이준호,최영식,박진홍,허갑도,윤설영,최소진,권태헌,이창렬,손성표,박영효 대한내분비학회 1998 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.13 No.3

Hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism is rarely associated with acute pancreatitis. But, the relationship between hypercalcemia and pancreatitis still remains controvesial. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma with cystic change is one of the rare causes of hyperparathyroidism, and is usually located in neck and mediastinum. We report a case of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma with cystic change associated with acute pancreatitis. A 54-year-old male presented with epigastric pain for 3 days. The serum calcium, phosphate, elastase were 16.8mg/dL, 1.1 mg/dL, 2772.0 ng/mL respectively and his parathyroid hormone level in serum was 651.84 pg/mL. Chest CT showed a mediastinal mass with well defined inhomogenously enhanced density located between SVC and aorta. The patient was diagnosed to hyperparathyroidism with acute pancreatitis due to mediastinal parathyroid adenoma with cystic change, and was surgically removed. The surgical biopsy showed parathyroid adenoma with cystic change. After operation his general condition was improved and serum calcium, phosphate, amylase, lipase level were normalized (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 13:473-479, 1998).

흰쥐에서 사염화 탄소(CCl4)에 의한 간섬유화의 유도

김병호,이정일,김효종,김영관,장린,동석호,장영운,송일한 대한소화기학회 1992 대한소화기학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Experimental model of hepatic fibrosis is importent contributions to the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the liver. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is one of the oldest and most widely used toxin for experimental induction of hepatic fibrosis in laboratory animals. In this study, We intended to induce the hepatic fibrosis in the rat by the intragastric CCl₄/ phenobarbtal treatment once a week for 12 weeks and the administration dosage of CCl₄ in each week was determined by the daily body weight change. Liver function and histologic change were examined just after 12-week treatment in group Ia (9 rats, Phenobarbital treatment only) and II (18 rats, CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment), and liver function and the irreversibility o histologic change were examined 12 weeks after 12-week treatment in group Ib (9 rats, phenobarbital treatment only) and III (18 rats, CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment). 1) Death rate after 12-week treatment was 11% in group Ⅰ, 56% in group Ⅱ and 50% in group Ⅲ. and the highest rate was at 1 week. that is 33 o each in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. 2) Tatal protein, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and portal venous pressure were significantly increased in group Ⅱ compared with that in group Ⅰa, but it was only portal venous pressure that was increased in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰb, 3) The gross finding of micronodular change was shown in 88% of group Ⅱ, 71% of group Ⅲ, but none of group Ⅰ. The microscopic finding of hepatic fibrosis was found in all of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, but none of group Ⅰ. The severe form of hepatic fibrosis suggesting cirrhosis was found in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, 12% and 29% respectively. In our study, mortality rate was high within 1 week after CCl₄ treatment, which resulted in half survival rate after 12-week treatment. We also experienced the loin rate of severe fibrotic changes in surviving rats. In the future, in order to produce a severe irreversible fibrotic change with low mortality in inducing hepatic fibrosis with CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment in the rat, adequate detemination of the initial dose of CCl₄ and appropriate choice of administration route of CCl₄ were thought to be needed.

급성 췌장염으로 발현된 낭성 변화를 일으킨 종격동 부갑상선 선종 1예

권태현,박진흥,윤설영,이창렬,이준호,최소진,손성표,허갑도,최영식,박영효 성분도병원 1998 성분도병원논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Population Changes of Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Mt. Wolchul National Park, Jeollanam-do, Korea

Choi, Sei-Woong,Park, Marana,Chang, Young-Hyo The Ecological Society of Korea 2007 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.30 No.3

We investigated the moth fauna and monthly changes in moth populations at three sites - Dogapsa, Gyungpodae and Muwisa - in Mt. Wolchul National Park, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. From February to October, 2006, we collected a total of 1677 individuals comprising 348 species in 14 families. Monthly changes in the abundance of species and individuals showed an M-shaped pattern, with the highest peak in June and a second high peak in August. The diversity of the three dominant families (Noctuidae, Geometridae and Pyralidae) at the three sites varied, possibly due to differences in vegetation and other environmental factors. Diversity at Dogapsa was relatively higher than Gyungpodae and Muwisa, but, the fauna at Dogapsa more closely resembled Muwisa than Gyungpodae. 28 species occurred at the same time in all three sites, included the families Geometridae (14 species), Noctuidae (9 species), Pyralidae (2 species), Arctiidae (1 species), Nolidae (1 species), and Limacodidae (1 species). The present study provided baseline information about biodiversity and phenological patterns of moth abundance and permitted evaluation of moth biodiversity as a monitoring tool for vegetation structure and environmental change.

육군 초임장교의 KCTC전투훈련이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 -자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로-

홍창영 ( Hong Chang Young ),박효선 ( Park Hyo Seon ) 미래군사학회 2023 한국군사학논총 Vol.12 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 육군 초임장교들의 전장실상 체험훈련이 야전부대 부임 후 직무만족에 미치는지를 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 현재 초임장교들은 야전부대에 부임하여 가장 어려워하는 부분이 경험부족으로 인한 자신감 결여와 부대관리와 지휘통솔 방법 등에 대한 두려움 등이다. 특히, 코로나 사태로 소대장 전후임자와의 인수인계와 지휘실습도 폐지한 상황에서 야전부대 부임 후 각종 훈련 등 소대장으로서의 임무수행에 애로를 호소하고 있다. 이에 육군에서는 2021년도부터 병과학교 보수교육 간 KCTC 전투훈련을 시행하게 되었으며, 전장실상체험과 소부대 전투지휘능력 숙달 등 소대장으로서의 자신감과 훈련노하우 습득 등 현장지휘 능력 배양에 중점을 두고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 2021, 2022년도 초임장교들을 대상으로 실시한 KCTC전투훈련을 독립변수, 자기효능감을 매개변수, 직무만족을 종속변수로 설정하여 실증연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, KCTC 전투훈련이 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을, 둘째, KCTC 전투훈련이 자기효능감에 긍정적인 영향을, 셋째, 자기효능감이 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을, 넷째, KCTC 전투훈련이 직무만족에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 자기효능감이 매개역할을 한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 초임소대장의 직무만족을 높이기 위해서는 소대장으로서 자신감과 자기효능감을 향상시킬 수 있는 KCTC 전투훈련과 같은 초임장교 과학화 체험식 훈련제도의 지속 유지 및 보완이 필요하다. The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze whether the battlefield practical experience training of new army officers affects job satisfaction after field unit appointment or how it plays a role in self-efficacy and performance change. Currently, the most difficult part of new officers' appointment to the field unit is their lack of confidence due to lack of experience and their fear of how to manage and command the unit. In particular, they are complaining of difficulties in performing their duties as a platoon leader, such as various training, after taking over the position of the field unit, in the situation where the transfer and command practice with the person in charge before and after the platoon leader have been abolished due to the COVID-19 incident. As a result, the Army has been conducting KCTC combat training between military school maintenance education since 2021, focusing on cultivating on-site command skills such as battlefield practical experience and mastery of platoon combat command skills and training know-how. From this point of view, an empirical study was conducted by setting KCTC combat training conducted for new officers in 2021 and 2022 as an independent variable, self-efficacy as a parameter, and job satisfaction as a dependent variable. As a result of the study, first, it was found that KCTC combat training had a positive effect on job satisfaction, second, KCTC combat training had a positive effect on self-efficacy, third, self-efficacy had a positive effect on job satisfaction, and fourth, KCTC combat training had a mediating role. Therefore, in order to increase the job satisfaction of the first-time platoon leader, it is necessary to maintain and supplement the first-time officer science experience training system, such as KCTC combat training, which can improve confidence and self-efficacy as a platoon leader.

사회인지이론 기반 중산층 노인 식품안전 교육 프로그램의 효과 평가

최정화(Jung-Hwa Choi),유효이(Hyo-E Yoo),정하림(Harim Chung),이혜상(Hye-Sang Lee),이민준(Min-June Lee),장혜자(Hye-Ja Chang),이경은(Kyung-Eun Lee),이나영(Na-Young Yi),곽동경(Tong-Kyung Kwak) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.8

현대의학의 발달은 인간의 수명을 연장시키고 그 결과 노인인구 증가를 가져와 노인 의료비 문제가 사회적으로 대두되고 있다. 이에 적절한 방안으로는 노인들의 건강한 노화(healthy aging)를 도모하는 것이며, 이는 사회의 의료비용을 감소시킴으로써 사회 전체의 효율성을 제고시킬 수 있다. 본 연구는 중산계층 노인을 대상으로 사회인지이론 기반의 식품안전 관리 교육 프로그램을 적용하여 시범실시를 하여 교육 효과 평가를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 교육군 212명, 대조군 42명의 자료가 분석되었으며, 사전 사후 지식 총점의 변화는 교육군이 2.80점에서 3.80점으로 유의적으로 상승하였다(P<0.001). 교육군의 식품안전 식태도/건강신념의 교육 전과 후의 총점은 20점 만점에 15.28점에서 16.50점으로 유의적인 상승을 보였다(P<0.001). 대조군은 사전 15.21점에서 사후 15.29점으로 상승하였으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 노인의 식품안전 식행동은 교육군의 교육 전과 후의 총점이 28점 만점에 20.07점에서 22.50점으로 2.43점 상승하여 유의적인 향상을 보였다(P<0.001). 가정 내 식품 취급실태를 살펴보면 식품을 직접 구매한다고 한 응답자가 교육군의 87.3%, 대조군의 95.2%로 나타났으며, 식품 조리 여부 항목에 대해서는 교육군의 87.7%, 대조군의 95.2%가 직접 가정에서 조리한다고 응답하였다. 식태도/건강신념 변화와 식행동 변화값 간에 상관관계가 가장 높으며(r=0.447, P<0.001), 식행동 변화값과 지식의 변화 값과의 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다(r=0.152, P<0.05). 경로별 교육 효과를 보기 위하여 사전, 사후 점수와 점수변화량을 비교 분석한 결과 지식, 식태도/건강신념, 식행동의 모든 경로에서 유의적인 향상을 보였다. 개발된 교육 프로그램의 효과 평가는 2차 시 교육의 사전, 사후 평가를 대조군의 평가 결과와 비교 분석하였는데, 교육의 기간이 2차시로 제한되어 있고 교육 후 행동 변화의 유지를 평가하지 못하였다. 또한, 교육경로와 대상자의 수가 적어 연구 결과를 일반화하기에는 무리가 있으며, 향후 교육의 확대를 통한 후속연구들이 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study assessed the educational effectiveness of a developed food safety management education program based on social cognitive theory for elderly in the middle class. The subjects participated in the food safety education program two times at a public health center, community welfare center, senior citizens’ center, and center for children’s foodservice management. For food safety intervention education, data from the intervention group (212 subjects) and control group (42 subjects) were analyzed. Significant (P<0.001) differences in the scores for food safety knowledge, food attitude, and food behavior were observed in the intervention group before and after the study, but no significant difference was observed in the control group. A significant positive correlation also detected between knowledge, food attitude/health belief, and food behavior in the intervention group, which indicates that the study contributed to perception changes in the intervention group and eventually behavioral changes. Accordingly, this program can induce cognitive and behavioral changes by conducting food safety training for the elderly.

SV40 T 항원의 온도조건부 변이형 유전자가 포함된 Amphotropic Retrovirus 에 의한 사람 태아 간세포의 불멸화

이정일(Joung Il Lee),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),장린(Rin Chang),성세라(Se Ra Seong),박재경(Jae Kyung Park),김승보(Seung Bo Kim),이상목(Sang Mok Lee) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.57 No.1

N/A Human cells are almost never spontaneously immortalized in vitro. We tried to immortalize human fetal hepatocytes (h-FH) and evaluate the differentiational status and its change. Methods : Hepatocytes were isolated from a liver fragment of 20 week old fetus and infected with amphotropic recombinant retrovirus containing a temperature- sensitive mutant of SV40 large T antigen and neomycin phosphotransferase gene. G418 resistant colonies were cloned and expanded. The cells which were able to divide more than 30 times were used to analyze various functions. Results : The immortalization rate was 3.3 x 10-8 and two cell lines (C11, D21) were established. C11-60, C11-80, D21-30 and D21-60 (suffix number means the cell division counts) were evaluated. D21-30 was thougt to be imcompletely immortalized because a considerable portion of cells died during culture. The morphology was similar to that of epithelial cells except for D21-30 which looked like fibroblast. The cells grew rapidly at 33oC but stopped growing at 39oC. T antigen and p53 was expressed at 33oC but disappeared at 39oC, which suggest that T antigen binds to p53. Chromosomal changes were so marked that it was impossible to discriminate exact number. Albumin was secreted as about 1/10 as that of h-FH, but alpha-fetoprotein secretion stopped after immortalization. Telomerase was activated in both cell lines except for the incompletely immortalized cells D21-30. Telomere was elongated in competely immortalized cell lines, but it was rather shortened in D21-30 compared to that of h-FH. Macroscopic colonies did not develop in soft agar assay. Conclusions : We successfully immortalized human fetal hepatocytes. Although the cells are not likely to have oncogenicity, the functions are not so good, possibly due to marked chromosomal changes which are thought to occur before telomerase is activated during immortalization step.

소화기 ; 담관암세포주에서 내인성 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 배위자인 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2의 항암 효과

정성훈 ( Sung Hoon Jung ),김병호 ( Byung Ho Kim ),김영일 ( Young Il Kim ),심재준 ( Jae Jun Shim ),황보영 ( Bo Young Hwang ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),동석호 ( Seok Ho Dong ),김효종 ( Hyo Jong Kim ),장영운 ( Young Woon Chang ),장 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.78 No.1

목적: PPAR gamma 배위자의 항암 효과는 다양한 암세포에서 보고되었으나 담관암에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한국인 간내담관암에서 확립한 암세포주를 대상으로 내인성 PPAR gamma 배위자인 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 항암 효과와 그 기전에 관하여 알아보았다. 방법: Cho-CK, Choi-CK, JCK, SCK의 네 가지 간내담관암 세포주를 사용하였다. RT-PCR 방법으로 PPAR gamma, bcl-2, bax 각 유전자의 mRNA 발현을 측정하였다. 세포증식 분석은 MTT assay, 세포주기 분석은 flow cytometry, 세포자 멸사 분석은 cell death detection ELISAplus kit를 사용하였다. 또한 Caspase 활성도 측정을 위해 caspase colorimetric assay kit를 사용하였고, MTT assay를 통해서 caspase 억제제가 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 암세포증식 억제를 차단하는지 알아보았다. 결과: 모든 담관암세포주에서 PPAR gamma mRNA가 발현 되었다. 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 mM 농도로 투여하여 72시간 배양하였을 때 모든 세포주에서 용량 및 시간 의존적으로 세포증식이 억제되었다. 세포주기 분석 결과 25 mM 15-deoxy-PGJ2 투여 48시간 후 모든 세포주에서 세포자멸사 분획이 증가하였으며 세포자멸사 유도 효과는 용량 의존적이었다. 25 mM 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 투여한 후 48시간까지 caspase 활성도를 측정하였는데, caspase 3 활성도는 모든 세포주에서 caspase 9 활성도는 JCK를 제외한 나머지 세포주에서 유의하게 증가하였으며 caspase 8 활성도는 별 변화가 없었다. Pancaspase 억제제인 Z-VAD-FMK와 caspase-3 억제제인 Z-DEVD-FMK를 투여한 경우 15-deoxy-PGJ2의 암세포증식 억제 효과가 48시간 이후 농도 의존적으로 차단되었으며, 이러한 효과는 모든 세포주에서 나타났다. 각 세포주에 15-deoxy-PGJ2를 투여 한 후 48시간까지 bcl-2 및 bax gene의 발현 유무를 관찰하였는데, bcl-2 mRNA는 Cho-CK, Choi-CK, SCK 세포 주에서 유의하게 감소하였으나 bax의 경우 모든 세포주에서 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 한국인 간내담관암세포주 모두에서 PPAR gamma mRNA가 발현됨을 알 수 있었고, 내인성 PPAR gamma 배위 자인 15-deoxy-PGJ2가 세포자멸사 유도를 통해 담관암세포 증식을 용량 및 시간 의존적으로 억제하였다. Background/Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ ligand is known to inhibit the growth of several kinds of cancer cells, yet its effect on cholangiocarcinoma is indecisive. We investigated the effect of an endogenous ligand of PPAR-γ, 15-deoxy-δ (12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15-deoxy-PGJ2) on cholangiocarcinoma cells that were established from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissue of Korean patients. Methods: Four cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, Cho-CK, Choi-CK, JCK and SCK, were studied. The mRNA expression of PPAR-γ, bcl-2, and bax were examined by RT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, and apoptosis by cell death detection ELISA kit. Caspase activity was measured by colorimetric assay. The effect of caspase inhibitors on 15-deoxy-PGJ2-induced apoptosis was determined by measuring cell viability using the MTT assay. Results: PPAR-γ mRNA was expressed in all cholangiocarcinoma cells. 15-deoxy-PGJ2 inhibited proliferation of all cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. All cells treated with 15-deoxy-PGJ2 showed increased dose-dependent apoptosis. Caspase 3 was activated in all cells and caspase 9 was activated in all but JCK cells after 15-deoxy-PGJ2 treatment. Caspase 8 activity showed no significant change. The pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, and the caspase-3 inhibitor, Z-DEVD-FMK, blocked 15-deoxy-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in all cells dose-dependently. The expression of bcl-2 was decreased in Cho-CK, Choi-CK and SCK cells, and bax expression was not changed significantly after 15-deoxy-PGJ2 treatment. Conclusions: PPAR-γ mRNA was expressed in all Korean cholangiocarcinoma cells. Our data suggest that 15-deoxy-PGJ2 exerts an antineoplastic effect against cholangiocarcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis through caspase activation. (Korean J Med 78:75-86, 2010)