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이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
이준희,윤익선 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2
In this assentation I tried to investigate and analyze the actual behaviors of the coaches of the high level male and female team and the behaviors that the players of the team prefer. I came to conclude like the followings through the analysis of 432 Leadership scale for sports from 30 coaches and 432 players in the 30 teams which is constitute of the 20 coaches and 309 players in 20 male high level teams and the 10 coaches and 123 players in 10 female high level teams. 1) The coaches in the male teams are better in efficiency of teaching because the male team coaches are better in the background variables of age, career, and the career of winning the prize. 2) In the assentation on the actual of coach the male team coaches have the strongest disposition of behavior that influence on the advancement of the game, whereas the female team coaches the strongest disposition of democratic behavior. Considering such the differences of leadership behaviors, the coaches of male team have the disposition of emphasis of the task, whereas the coaches of female team emphasis of the relations. 3) In the research of leadership scale among the teams, the male players prefer behavior of training and indicating, positive reward, social support, democratic, and then authority behavior whereas the female players positive reward, social support, democratic, training and indicating and then authority. 4) In the research of preferable behavior, male players prefer the training and indicating, positive reward, social support, and then authority behavior, whereas the female players positive reward, social support, democratic behavior, training and indicating and then authority behavior. The male players were found to prefer such behaviors as influence the advancement of the game power directly, whereas the female players most prefer such behaviors as reward the results of the game. 5) In the comparison of the leadership behaviors that male and female players prefer, the male players have stronger disposition to want training and indications, authorities than female players,, whereas the female players prefer the democratic behaviors, social supports, positive rewards. 6) In the differences of the actual behaviors the players want from the coach, the male players differs in the democratic behaviors most, whereas the female players in the authority behaviors. 7) In the research on the differences of the behaviors the coach actually do and the players expect, ·in the training and indications, the male team players were a little more satisfied than the female team players. ·in the democratic behaviors, the male team players were more unsatisfied. ·in the authority behaviors, the female team players want more authorities from the coaches. ·in the social supports, the female team players were more unsatisfied. ·in the positive rewards, the female team players were more unsatisfied.
정신분열병의 양성아형과 음성아형에 따른 사회적 지지망의 차이
윤성철,이규항,양익홍 大韓神經精神醫學會 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.2
In this study, positive versus negative symptoms of schizophrenia were examined in relation to social networks. The subjects consisted of 36 positive symptom(PS) and 35 negative symptom(NS) groups of schizophrenics admitted to the Anyang Neuropsychiatric Hospital. There was no significant difference in sociodemographic data(ie. sex, age, education etc) between the two groups. Structurally, the social network of NS group was smaller and contained lesser number of friends and family members than PS group. Furthermore, with respect to the functional aspect of social network. 1) The frequency of contact, comfortability, and material support given by the patients were much less in NS group. However, there was no difference in emotional, material, and informative support between the two groups. 2) In contrast with the PS group, in the 'most important person' category of social network in the NS group, the proportion of 'other people' (fellow patients, hospital staff etc) was much higher than that of friends and family members. 3) All negative symptoms correlated negatively with the size of social network. However, no such relationship existed among PS group. These results indicated close relationships existing between different types of schizophrenic symptoms and the structural and functional aspect of social network.
윤익선,이효신 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2004 武道硏究所誌 Vol.15 No.1
This study is designed to make an analysis of the differences of excellent female and male athletes and non-excellent female and male university Judo athletes per weight. The researcher identified the valid scoring skills of each athlete on the basis of the event record papers of 2003 Spring and Fall University Judo Federation Match in Korea and 2004 Spring University Juder Federation Match in Korea, dividing the atheltes into two groups: one is composed of the excellent athletes who won the first, second and third prizes; and the other is made up of the non-excellent athletes who didn't. Based on the records, the researcher used SPSS PC+Ver 10.0, depending on x² test and frequency analysis(%) so as to analyze the frequency of using skills in case of male and female athletes and the skills used per weight and sex and the skills per match in case of the athletes as a whole. This study is mainly designed to make an analysis of the skills used by the excellent and non-excellent athletes and the differences of their skills per weight. The following are the results. First, the survey on valid scoring skills per weight indicates that 30.7 percent of the male subjects made use of hand skills and that 25.2 percent of them made the most frequent use of foot skills. Second, the survey on the scoring skills per contest shows that the male subjects used hand skills frequently in case of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth contest and that the female subjects made the most frequent use of foot skills in case of the first, second, third and fourth contest. Third, the subjects weighing -60, -66, -90, and -100kg made the most use of hand skills, and the subjects with -73kg turned out to made the most frequent use of foot skills. The female subjects weighing -48, -52, -70, -78, and +78kg made the most use of foot skills and the subjects weighting -57 and -63kg turned out to win due to their opponents' withdrawal. Fourth, the excellent male subjects made the most frequent use of hand skills (34.3%) and the non-excellent male subjects made high use of hand skills(29.3%). The female excellent athletes turned out to make high use of the pressing skill(27.3%) and the non-excellent athletes used hand skills(30%). Fifth, in terms of the excellent athletes scoring skills per weight, the male subjects used hand skills most frequently in case of their weighing -60, -81 -90, and -100kg and those who weigh 66, and -73kg made frequent use of foot skills. The non-excellent male subject used frequent use of hand skills in case of their weighing -60, -66, -73, -81, and -100kg and the female subjects made the most use of foot skills in case of -48, -52 -57, -70 and +78kg, and hand skills in case of those with -63kg, and subjects with -78kg used waist skills. The nonexcellent subjects used foot skills in case of their weighing -48, -52, -57, and +78kg and hand skills in case of -63, and -70kg, and wining the matches from the opponents' withdrawal. On the basis of the data above, the research would like to suggest that the following things should be further investigated. First, the research has it that male subjects made the most use of hand skills but that female subjects used foot skills more frequently. Coaches should keep this in mind and look for measures. It is also necessary to make a more specific analysis of ramified skills per skill. Second, this study is limited by the number of the subjects and future studies should deal with more subjects and coaches should work on skill training methods. Third, future studies should focus on the variables of time, or the winning points of valid scoring points and all the subjects in terns of the use of skills.
김동익,이윤신,김덕경,허세호,이병붕,김지은 대한혈관외과학회 2002 Vascular Specialist International Vol.18 No.1
Purpose: Small calibered prosthetic vascular grafts are prone to low patency rates after bypass surgery due to its high thrombogenicity and neointimal hyperplasia. Endothelial cells are known to inhibit thrombus formations, platelet aggregation and smooth muscle cells proliteration. The purpose of this study was to examine the development of autologous endothelial cell seeded prosthetic vascular graft. Method: The autologous endothelial cells (ECs) were harvested from canine external jugular veins. Approximately 5*10^4 ECs were obtained through passage 5 to 6 under the static condition. The cultured ECs were seeded into the polytetrafluoroethylenc (PTFE) graft and cultured for 3 days before implanting into the canine carotid artery.The PTFE graft was harvested at 6 weeks after implantation. Result: The primary cultured ECs were treated with Factor VⅢ/WF, CD3]/PECAM-1 antibodyand confirmed with fluorescence micrograph, The gratf patency rates were 2/6 (33%) in the control gratf and 5/6 (83%) in the ECs seeded graft at 6 weeks after implantation. the entire luminal surface of the EC seeded graft was covered with ECs. Only the vicinity of the anastomosis site was covered with ECs in the control graft. Conclusion: This is a pilot study for the development of autologous endothelial cell seeded prosthetic vascular graft. The results of our study demonstrate that the endothelialized PTFE are better than ninendothelialized PTFE.
김익수,윤창호,이지현 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學 Vol.14 No.1
우리나라 연안과 담수역에 서식하는 큰가시고기과(Gasterosteidae)어류의 많은 표본은 1988년 3월부터 1989년 6월까지 채집하여 이들의 형태변이와 분류학적 위치에 대하여 검토하였다. 큰가시고기 Gasterosteus aculeatus 6개 조사집단의 체측인판수는 모두 32-35개였고 그 형태는 완판형으로 국내에서는 아직 육봉형이라고 생각되는 저판형이나 반판형은 발견되지 않았다. G. aculeatus의 척추골수, 세파수, 지느러미 기조수 등의 계수형질이나, 두장, 안경 및 등지느러미가시길이의 계측치는 집단간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 가시고기 Pungitius sinensis와 잔가시고기 P. Kaibarae ssp. 집단의 체측인판수는 모두 31-35개의 완판형이었고, 등지느러미가시 기조수, 척추골수 및 체고비등에 잇어서 2종간에 구별되었지만, 잔가시고기 P. Kaibarae ssp.의 집단에서는 등지느러미가시 기조막에 담회색을 딘 표본(white form)이 출현하였는데 이것은 이들이 서식하는 환경과 관련된 변이라고 본다. 이 2종의 염색체의 수는 모두 2N=42로서 같지만 G. aculeatus의 핵형은 metacentrics이 6개, submetacentrics이 6개 subtelo-acrocentrics이 30개이고, P. sinensis와 P. Kaibarae ssp.는 모두 metacentrics이 4개, submetacentrics이 4개 subtelo-acrocentrics이 34개로 2속 사이에는 서로 달랐다. Three species of Korean sticklebacks family Gasterosteidae were reviewed based on the specimens of several populations for the study of their morphological variations and taxonomical positions. All specimens of Gasterosteus aculeatus observed have a complete row of lateral plates ranging from thirty-two to thirty-five in number. The low-plate morph regarded as landlocked type is virtually absent. And no difference was recognized among six population of G.aculeatus in the meristic characters, i.e. number of vertebrae, gill rakers and fin rays. the Pungitius sinensis and P. Kaibarae ssp. shown local variations have scutes ranging from 31 to 35, but not clinal in the morphometric characters. But P.sinensis was statistically different from P.kaibarae ssp. in some characters such as the number of dorsal spine rays and vertebrae, and body depth, although their ranges overlapped. No significant taxonomic difference was detected between white form and black form in dorsal spinous membrane of P.Kaibarae ssp. Although these three species of Korean sticklebacks have the same diploid chromosome number(2N=42), G. aculeatus is obviously different from the two species of genus Pungitius in their karyotype; G. aculeatus consists of six metacentrics, six submetacentrics, and thirty subtelo-acrocentrics, and both P. sinensis and P. kaibarae ssp. have four metacentrics, six submetacentrics, and thirty-four subtelo-acrocentrics.
최익대,이윤복,박홍채,오기동 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.59 No.-
마그-크롬질 캐스타블에 대한 내알칼리성 증진에 의한 수명 향상의 가능성을 검토하였다. 골재로서 전융 알루미나, 크롬질, 소결 스피넬, 마그-크롬질, 마그네시아질 순으로 알칼리 침식에 대한 저항성이 우수하였다. 마그-크롬질은 다른 골재에 비하여 알칼리에 대한 침식저항성 뿐만 아니라 열충격에 대한 저항성이 양호하였다. 장시간 적용 시험시 β-2CaO · SiO2.3CaO · SiO2 및 K2SO4가 존재하였고 조직 취화를 초래하여 가동면에서 손상을 가속하였다. 전융 마그네시아를 사용한 경우 소결 마그네시아질에 비하여 재질 변경 및 조직 치밀화로 인하여 알칼리에 대한 침식 억제 효과가 있었다. For long life of applications in MgO-Cr2O3 castables, the improvement of chemical resistance against alkali salts were investigated. Chemical resistance against alkali salts was excellent in order, i.e fused alumina, chrom ore, sinterded spinel, Magnesia-chrome, magnesia based castables. magnesia-chrome based tastable was comparatively good in the chemical attacks and the thermal resisatnce. As working for long time, β-2CaO · SiO2, 3CaO · SiO2 and K2SO4 were existed, and they accelerated chemical wear in the working area of magnesia-chrome castables caused the degreaded microstructure. The chemical resistance of fused magnesia in MgO-Cr2O3 castables showed the more excellent than that of the sintered magnesia due to the densification of mircrostructure and the change of materials
직업적 연폭로가 일부 신경행동학적 검사수행에 미치는 영향
안익수,안현철,김용배,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,최은,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1999 순천향산업의학 Vol.5 No.1
In order to investigate that blood lead levels of lead exposed workers is associated with decreased performance in neurobehavioral tests in adults, we investigate 78 workers in a battery industry. Three items among neurobehavioral core test battery of World Health Organization, including digit span, Santa ana dexterity, digit symbol were administered to workers occupationally lead exposed workers by operational guide for the WHO neurobehavioral core test battery. Blood lead (PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood (ZZP) were selected as an index of lead exposure. Detailed occupational history such as exposed agent, age, work duration, smoking and drinking habits, were recorded as confounding factors. After controlling age, the results of digit span and digit symbol among the neurobehavioral tests were significant contributed by PbB.