7075 Al 합금의 T9처리후 미세조직 및 인장강도 분석

이준희,송요승,김효열,이윤복 한국항공대학교 항공우주산업기술연구소 2002 航空宇宙産業技術硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

본 실험에서는 기존 텐트용 pole 로 사용되어 온 7075 AI의 T6처리 제품보다 더 우수한 인장강도 및 표면 특성을 갖는 제품 개발을 목적으로 T6처리에 냉간가공을 가미한 T9처리를 하여 그 특성을 알아보았다. 각 시편은 직경이 8.5㎜, 8.7㎜, 8.9㎜ 9.1㎜이고, 두께 t는 0.7 ㎜∼0.72㎜ 인 것을 사용하여 표면 조도, 경도 측정, 인장강도측정 및 조직관찰을 행하였다. 조도 측정 결과 T9시편이 T6시편에 비해 약 0.02㎛정도 작게 나왔으며 이것은 냉간가공에 의해 조직이 치밀해졌기 때문이라 여겨진다. 경도 측정과 최대인장강도 측정 결과 T9시편에 T6보다 큰 경도값과 최대인장강도 값을 가졌으며 이것은 냉간가공에 의한 grain의 심한 변형으로 인한 영향이라 여겨진다. 조직관찰 결과 T9시편이 T6시편보다 더 많은 변형이 일어난 것을 알 수 있었다. grain의 크기 차이가 많지 않았는데 이것은 열간가공과는 달리 냉간가공에서는 재결점 없이 단순히 grain의 변형에 따른 찌그러짐이나 분열에 의한 것이므로 grain의 크기에는 크게 영향을 주지 않았다고 사료된다. The properties of the samples after T9 treatment on 7075 aluminum which has been used as tent pole were studied in this paper. The T9 treatment is the process to be added a cold work after T6 treatment for improving the tensile strength and the properties of a surface roughness. The tests of surface roughness, hardness, tensile strength and micro structure on T9 treatment samples were conducted. The diameters of samples are 8.5㎜, 8.7㎜, 8.9㎜ and 9.1㎜. The thicknesses of samples are 0.7㎜ and 0.72 ㎜. The average surface roughness of samples after T9 treatment was less 0.02㎛ than that of T6 treatment The average values of hardness and tensile strength were increased after T9 treatment because of grain deformation.

초,중등학교 학생들의 학교환경위생에 대한 인식과 태도에 관한 연구

이상복,이홍석,김윤신 韓國學校保健學會 2001 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

This study was conducted to contribute to the basic data for decisions on environment policy improvement in health promotion, and school sanitation for students in elementary, middle and high schools, by analysing their cognitions and altitudes toward school environmental salutation. This study was famed out with 1200 male and female students in elementary, middle and high schools in industrial, residential and heavy traffic areas for one month, from July 10 to August 11, 2000. The results of the survey follows. The most serious environmental problems in schools are the toilets, quality of drinking water and the classroom conditions. As for the priority areas for improvement, toilets topped the list followed by the classroom environment, and then by the quality of drinking water. Lack of administrative and financial support, the headmasters' disinterest, lack of interest by the students and parents, lack of awareness among teachers and insufficient effort were cited as the main reasons.

주택에서 내장재로 쓰이는 섬유의 보온효과와 소비자 의식에 관한 연구 : 카페트를 중심으로 Focus on Carpets

윤복자 연세대학교 대학원 1985 延世論叢 Vol.21 No.3

Abstract The intent of this study was to focus attention on carpet fabrics and consumer perceptions towards carpets. This study consisted of the laboratory test for thermal transmittance of selected carpets and prods, and the survey for consumer perceptions for carpets. The objectives of the survey were, 1) to determine sociodemographic factors; the stage of family life cycle, husband's and homemaker's level of education and income, and 2) to identify consumer perceptions for carpets. Questionnaires were administered to the randomly selected homemakers in Seoul, in October, 1984. Data from 353 responses were analyzed. The objectives of the laboratory test were, 1) to measure thermal transmittance of the selected carpets and pads, and 2) to find out the effect of heat controlling on carpeting. Selected 6 samples were tested at Korean Yarn Fabric Testing Inspection Institute. The major findings are as follows: 1. The results of the survey Responses strongly appreciated carpets for their heat and noise control, resiliency, warmth, and beauty. A negative but weak perception for carpets was suitability for a Korean life style. Their lack of knowledge about carpeting wish pads for the better heat controlling was indicated. 2. The results of the laboratory test 1) Carpeting dropped the thermal transmittance from the floor heat. That was carpets had an excellent heat controlling. 2) It did not show differences among pile yarns, types of piles, and types of pads in heat controlling. 3) Carpeting with pads showed more effective in heat controlling than carpeting without pads.

퍼머제의 중금속 농도에 관한 연구

윤복연,문덕환,박명희,황용식,함성애,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on heavy metal concentration in hair permanents agents and to prevent the health impairment due to heavy metal. Methods and Material : The author determined of 5 heavy metals(Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu) concentration hair permanent agents in the market with flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results : The results were as follows: 1. The geometic mean concentrations of total subjects were 0.04㎍/g for Pb, 0.09㎍/g for Cr, 0.06㎍/g for Mn, 0.03㎍/g for Ni, and 0.04㎍/g for Cu. 2. The most highest mean concentrations of heavy metals in hair permanent agents by using type were Cr for wave agent and straight cream agent, Cu for setting iron agent, Cr and Cu for coating perm agent. 3. Metal most hlghest mean concentrations of heavy in hair permanent agents by type of color was green for Cu. 4. The mean concentration of Cu among 5 heavy metals in hair permanent agents by marker was most highest. 5. There was most statistically significant difference on mean concentration in hair permanent agents between domestic and foreign products. 6. The exposure amount of heavy metal concentration by one time using the permanent agent were 4.O㎍ for Pb, 9.O㎍ for Cr, 6.0㎍ for Mn, 3.O㎍ for Ni and 4.0㎍ for Cu. Conclusion : As above results author suggest to prepare the preventive program of health impairment due to heavy metal by long term chronic exposure to who were using the hair permanent agents hair designer and customers.

21C를 향한 부산 지역의 Green사회체육 활성화 방안

이근모,오세복,김윤숙,김세정,이영덕 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study was to create plan of Green Sport for all in Pusan toward 21st century. The plan of Green Sport for all in Pusan toward 21st century was conducted by theoretical analysis based upon an advanced countries' sport for all state and Pusan's sport for all state. The result of this study are as follows; 1. To set plan for sport for all in Pusan, it should consider the environment of sport for all for citizen's social welfare. It is more important to use the present facilities effectively with the good management than expand sport for all facilities. To set budget for all facilities to expand it is expected from 2002 Pusan Asian Games's profit. 2. The public sport facilities and sport for all facilities should be open for citizen after build sport for all facilities at the near river and sea side. It should give permission to build green sport for all facilities in the zone of protect development. The regulation of entrance fees at the public sport center such as basketball gymnasium, soccer stadium, and baseball stadium. To enter public sport center, it is recommended free for athletes to do competition or exercise and for citizen the lowest fee is recommended during whole year. The officials should be consider very good quality of service for citizen. Also, school's sport facilities are recommended to open for citizen after school off. 3. It is recommended to build one sport center at every district(gu) in Pusan like Sport for all Pusan association (The memorial olympic hall). The olympic park should protect forever, it should not be allowed for other purpose whenever. 4. The government should set budget for labor's sport clubs. Also, the government try to encourage to expand labors' sport facilities in the company as the law promotion for labors' sport. 5. The government and the government of Pusan city should lead every company to keep the law of promotion for labors' sport. Also, the government leads company to promote sport for labors at each company by the reduction of taxation for company such as th incorporation tax and a real estate acquisition tax. For example, the government let them reduce company's tax for company's private sport facilities(center) so give them chance to invest for sport facilities. 6. KOC should keep remain neutral to promote territory's sport, university team in Seoul should get away from the victory oriented idea then they might participate as amateur at the national tournament. 7. To reduce traffic at the center of the Metropolis, the energy saving purpose, the effective using of the center of the Metropolis, and to increase sport for all people, the green sport for all underground facilities are recommended at the foot of Youngdo park and the public elementary, junior, high school's ground without the nature damage. And then it will be help a lot to citizen to stress out and to use effective leisure time for themselves. 8. It was suggested that the green sport for all facilities might build in the sea near the yacht race center at Soo young, Haeundae bathing resort and Kwangan ni bathing resort, with minimizing nature damage. The green cultural resport and ocean sport facilities were recommended at the sea side to play yacht, wind surfing, water ski, and water bicycle for touring and sport for all purpose. 9. The green winter sport resort and sport resort were recommended at Seungji park and Daeshin park for citizen. After build these facilities, it should be open for citizen every day.

카올린으로부터 질화알루미늄 분말 합성

이윤복,서기원,류봉기,김광호,박희찬,장윤식 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1996 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.50 No.-

카올린으로 부터 수화염기성황산알루미늄을 제조하고, 이것을 탄소열환원질화하여 질화알미늄 분말을 합성하였다. 수화염기성황산알루미늄은 카올린으로 부터 제조된 수화황산알루미나 0.5M 및 요소 5M인 용액으로 부터 얻은 것이 가장 미세하였다. 탄소열환원질화법으로 질화알미늄을 합성할 때 활성화탄과 염기성황산알루미늄의 질량비가 2인 조성이 가장 적합하였으며, 이 때 얻어진 질화알미늄은 0.3-1㎛의 submicron급 분말이었다. Aluminum nitride powder was synthesized by carbothermal reduction-nirtridation using kaolin- derived hydrated basic aluminum sulfate. The hydrated basic aluminum sulfate powder produced from the solution of 0.5M hydrated aluminum sulfate and 5M urea showed very fine particles. The aluminum nitride showed the submicron powder of 0.3-1㎛ in the optimum condition with 2.0-weight ratio of activated charcol to hydrated basic aluminum sulfate.

호텔 예식이벤트의 마케팅 방안 연구

이복희,임범종,윤병국 한국관광정보학회 2002 觀光情報硏究 Vol.- No.11

This study analyzed factors that customers consider importantly in selection the wedding events of hotels located in Yusung Area and how these factors are dimensioned. Thus, this study analyzed demographics of buyers of hotel wedding service such as sex, age, job, marital status, income, etc., and examined of there is any significant difference in hotel selection factors as each of demographic variable changes. The study also analyzed of general factors such as service, price, equipments, menu, information source, affects hotel selection in wedding event. The continuous study of hotel wedding is needed to provide high-quality service through understanding customers needs and wants and thus to magnify the market and to develop the diferentiated wedding event product based on customers' continuous feedback which as one do the most important profit source of the hotel.

만성적 소음폭로가 근로자의 혈압에 미치는 영향

김복연,김천태,이중정,박홍진,김창윤,강복수 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The question of an association between occupational noise exposure and blood pressure has important public health implications. The harmful effects of hypertension are well known and noise is considered the most pervasive problem of all occupational exposures in Taegu City, Korea. A cross-sectional study on the effect of long-term noise exposure on blood pressure was done for 276 noise exposed workers(203 male workers, 73 female workers). Long-term noise exposure was measured by cumulative noise exposure level and noise-induced hearing loss. Hearing loss = 500Hz+2×1,000Hz+2×2,000Hz+4,000Hz -------------------------------------- 6 Questionnaire was administered to the workers, which includes age, sex, occupational history on the noise exposure, habits on alcohol drinking and smoking, practice of regular exercises, family history of hypertension. Type A behavior, question on stress, height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein(LDL) were also measured. Audiometry was done in the closed booth at 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 6,000, 8,000, 1,000 and 500Hz in order. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that cumulative noise exposure level(p〈0.05), serum triglyceride(p〈0.01), age(p〈0.01) and family history of hypertension(p〈0.05) predict hypertension (systolic blood pressure : 160㎜Hg or above, or diastolic blood pressure : 95㎜Hg or above) in male workers. In female workers, serum triglyceride(p〈0.01), LDL(p〈0.01) and family history of hypertension(p〈0.05) were predictors of hypertension (systolic blood pressure : 160㎜Hg or above, or diastolic blood pressure : 95㎜Hg or above). As the number of female workers with hypertension was too small, the multiple logistic regression was done according to hypertension criteria of systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140㎜Hg, or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90㎜Hg. Based on this criteria, cumulative noise exposure level(p=0.055) and age(p=0.057) predict hypertension. It is suggested that long-term noise exposure which was calculated by cumulative noise exposure level was a significant predictor of hypertension in noise exposed workers.

포커스 그룹을 이용만 임상간호사의 임파워먼트 경험에 관한 연구

권성복,염영희,권은경,이윤영 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2007 간호행정학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Purpose: This study was to explore the empowerment experienced by hospital nurses. Methods: Focus group was used to gather data and open coding method suggested by Strauss and Corbin was used to analyze the data. Thirty-four nurses who have clinical experience of more than three years at three university hospitals were participated in this study. Results: Five categories were identified: Getting chances of opportunities to show personal capabilities and motivations, acknowledgement, support, recognition and delightfulness. The major sources of empowerment were the acknowledgement of patients and family, colleagues, supervisors. doctors, and other personnels in hospital. Conclusion: Focus groups could be an useful tool for empowerment research in nursing. further research will be needed to clarify the relationship among individual, group and organization.

고온 접촉식 탐상용 초음파 탐촉자 개발 및 평가

김기복,김병극,이승석,윤남원,윤동진,안윤국 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.23 No.1

고온(500℃) 환경에서 접촉식 탐상이 가능한 초음파 탐촉자를 개발하고 평가하였다. 고온용 탐촉자는 Curie 온도가 600 ℃ 이상인 bismuth titanate 계열의 압전세라믹 소자, 텅스텐 분말과 inorganic binder를 혼합한 후면재, 알루미나 튜브, 전면재, 하우징 등으로 구성되었다. 기본 공진주파수가 각각 1.04 및 2.08 ㎒의 2 종류 탐촉자를 제작하였으며 각종 고온용 커플런트의 온도특성을 시험하였다. 개발된 고온용 탐촉자를 이용하여 강재 시편을 대상으로 시편에서의 초음파 반사신호를 측정한 결과 시편의 온도가 증가함에 따라 반사신호의 크기는 감소하였다. 고온에서 반복측정 실험결과 500℃에서 연속적인 접촉식 초음파 탐상이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers for high temperature contact measurement were developed. These high temperature ultrasonic transducers (HTUT) consisted of bismuth titanate piezoceramic element whose Curie temperature is higher than 600℃, a backing material of the mixture of tungsten powder and inorganic binder, an inner alumina tube, a wear plate and a housing. The operational frequencies of the HTUT were 1.04 and 2.08 ㎒, respectively. Various commercially available couplant for high temperature were evaluated and compared. As a couplant for high temperature ultrasonic testing between HTUT and test specimen, gold epoxy was selected. The peak amplitude of pulse-echo signals from steel test specimen decreased with increasing temperature. The operational temperature of the HTUT reached up to 500℃ at which the continuous contact measurement was possible.