Anti-Cancer Effect of Ginsenoside F₂ against Glioblastoma Multiforme in Xenograft Model in SD Rats

Shin, Ji-Yon,Lee, Jung-Min,Shin, Heon-Sub,Park, Sang-Yong,Yang, Jung-Eun,KimCho, So-Mi,Yi, Tae-Hoo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.1

The glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite combination treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, the survival periods are very short. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the potential of ginsenoside $F_2$ (F2) to treat GBM. In in vitro experiments with glioblastoma cells U373MG, F2 showed the cytotoxic effect with $IC_{50}$ of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ through apoptosis, confirmed by DNA condensation and fragmentation. The cell population of cell cycle sub-G1 as indicative of apoptosis was also increased. In xenograft model in SD rats, F2 at dosage of 35 mg/kg weight was intravenously injected every two days. This reduced the tumor growth in magnetic resonance imaging images. The immunohistochemistry revealed that the anticancer activity might be mediated through inhibition of proliferation judged by Ki67 and apoptosis induced by activation of caspase-3 and -8. And the lowered expression of CD31 showed the reduction in blood vessel densities. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for invasion of cancer was also inhibited. The cell populations with cancer stem cell markers of CD133 and nestin were reduced. The results of this study suggested that F2 could be a new potential chemotherapeutic drug for GBM treatment by inhibiting the growth and invasion of cancer.

개나리 형질전환에 관한 연구

추갑철,김우룡,이용섭,권영한 진주산업대학교 1999 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.6

본 연구는 우리 나라 전역에 널리 식재 되고 있는 개나리를 이용하여 목본식물의 형질전환방법을 확립하고 형질전환용 시료의 다양화를 위하여 실시하였다. 기내에서 식물체를 증식하기 위하여 배지의 조성 및 식물생장조절제의 농도와 조합을 조사하였다. 줄기의 증식에 미치는 싸이토키닌의 종류별 효과는 BAP, kinetin과 zeatin을 4가지 농도별로 처리하였고, 절편배양 후 7일부터 기부가 부풀어오르고 액아로 부터 줄기의 생장을 육안으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 배양초기의 줄기생장은 생장호르몬의 종류나 농도에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 세 가지의 싸이토키닌 중 kinetin의 첨가는 BAP나 zeatin의 처리보다 줄기유도는 저조하나 부정근의 형성은 뚜렷하게 촉진되었다. BAP는 0.5㎎/ ℓ농도 이상에서 줄기유도에 다소양호하였다. 캘러스를 유도는 MS배지에 0.1㎎/l BAP^+ 0.5, 1.0㎎/l 2,4-D등에서 갈변되지 않고 성장이 왕성한 킬러스를 얻을 수 있었다. 식물형질전환을 위하여 식물형질전환 벡터 pBI12l을 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404에 삽입하여 함께 공조배양 하였다. 공조배양 후 CIM배지에 배양한 후 SIM에 이식하여 부정아를 유도하였다. 유도된 캘러스로부터 식물체를 유도하여 증식하였다. 증식된 식물체의 형질전환을 검정하기 위하여 NPT11 ELISA 검정을 실시, 대조구와 비교하여 형질 전환체에서 보다 높은 측정치를 얻을 수 있었다. Transformation system of Forsythia koreana was developed. For shoot formation various cytokinins such as BAP, kinetin and zeatin were tested. Among them, BAP was the most suitable cytokines and it`s optimal concentration was found to be 0.5㎎/ℓ. As for the test finding the callus resistance on medium supplemented with antibiotic, kanamycin, the optimal concentration was 20㎎/ℓ kanamycin. After coculture with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404, explants were positioned on CIM(callus inducing medium) and induced callus. Several weeks later, transgenic callus were tested NPTⅡ to confirm transformation and the transgenic callus had higher values than controls. This results seem that Forsythia koreana is a useful plant to develop transformation system in woody plants.

Anti-Cancer Effect of Ginsenoside F₂ against Glioblastoma Multiforme in Xenograft Model in SD Rats

Ji Yon Shin,Jung Min Lee,Heon Sub Shin,Sang Yong Park,Jung Eun Yang,Somi Kim Cho,Tae-Hoo Yi 고려인삼학회 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.1

The glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite combination treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, the survival periods are very short. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the potential of ginsenoside F₂ (F2) to treat GBM. In in vitro experiments with glioblastoma cells U373MG, F2 showed the cytotoxic effect with IC?? of 50 ㎍/mL through apoptosis, confi rmed by DNA condensation and fragmentation. The cell population of cell cycle sub-G1 as indicative of apoptosis was also increased. In xenograft model in SD rats, F2 at dosage of 35 ㎎/㎏ weight was intravenously injected every two days. This reduced the tumor growth in magnetic resonance imaging images. The immunohistochemistry revealed that the anticancer activity might be mediated through inhibition of proliferation judged by Ki67 and apoptosis induced by activation of caspase-3 and -8. And the lowered expression of CD31 showed the reduction in blood vessel densities. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for invasion of cancer was also inhibited. The cell populations with cancer stem cell markers of CD133 and nestin were reduced. The results of this study suggested that F2 could be a new potential chemotherapeutic drug for GBM treatment by inhibiting the growth and invasion of cancer.

RAPD 분석에 의한 굴참나무 집단의 유전변이 연구

송정호,김남수,이용섭,김영중,송재모,이재선 한국유전학회 2002 Genes & Genomics Vol.24 No.2

Quercus variabilis is one of the most important tree species in both utilization of forest resources and management of forest ecosystem in Korea. To obtain the basic information for the establishment of breeding strategy and efficient management of genetic resources, five populations of Q. variabilis from 89 selected plus trees were studied using POPGENE and AMOVA analysis based on DNA markers focussing on the genetic diversity and variation among populations. The overall polymorphic amplicons were 78.6% and levels of genetic diversity within 5 populations were similar each other (Shannon's Index : 0.289∼0.423 [mean 0.366]). The values of total genetic diversity (H_t) and average gene diversity within population (H_S) were 0.265 and 0.239, respectively. The degree of genetic differentiation (G_st : 0.098) was relatively high compared with those of other tree species. Based on the cluster analysis of UPGMA, genetic relationships among 5 populations were not coincided with the pattern of geographic distribution.

<i>Chryseobacterium gwangjuense</i> sp. nov., isolated from soil

Park, Yong Jin,Son, Heung-Min,Lee, Eun-Hee,Kim, Ju Han,Mavlonov, Gafurjon T.,Choi, Ki Ju,Shin, Hun-Sub,Kook, MooChang,Yi, Tae-Hoo International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.12

<P>A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from soil of Gwangju province in South Korea. Strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> grew optimally at 25–30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the absence of NaCl. Strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> displayed β-glucosidase activity, which enabled it to convert ginsenoside Rb<SUB>1</SUB> to Rd. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> was shown to belong to the genus <I>Chryseobacterium</I>. The closest phylogenetic neighbours were <I>Chryseobacterium ginsenosidimutans</I> THG 15<SUP>T</SUP> (97.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similariity), <I>C. defluvii</I> B2<SUP>T</SUP> (97.7 %), <I>C. daeguense</I> K105<SUP>T</SUP> (97.6 %), <I>C. taiwanense</I> BCRC 17412<SUP>T</SUP> (97.5 %), <I>C. indoltheticum</I> LMG 4025<SUP>T</SUP> (97.4 %), <I>C. gregarium</I> P 461/12<SUP>T</SUP> (97.4 %) and <I>C. lathyri</I> RBA2-6<SUP>T</SUP> (97.3 %), but DNA–DNA relatedness values between these strains and strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> were below 41.9 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.4 mol%. The major respiratory quinone (MK-6) and fatty acids [iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB> 3-OH, summed feature 3 (comprising C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>ω7<I>c</I> and/or C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>ω6<I>c</I>) and summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C<SUB>17 : 1</SUB>ω9<I>c</I> and/or 10-methyl C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB>)] supported the affiliation of strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> with the genus <I>Chryseobacterium</I>. The polar lipids of strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> were phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminolipids and seven unidentified lipids. A number of physiological and biochemical tests allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> from recognized species of the genus <I>Chryseobacterium</I>. The name <I>Chryseobacterium gwangjuense</I> sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-A18<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KACC 16227<SUP>T</SUP> = LMG 26579<SUP>T</SUP>) as the type strain.</P>

<i>Lactobacillus</i> <i>yonginensis</i> sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium with ginsenoside converting activity isolated from Kimchi

Yi, Eun-Ji,Yang, Jung-Eun,Lee, Jung Min,Park, YongJin,Park, Sang-Yong,Shin, Heon-sub,Kook, MooChang,Yi, Tae-Hoo International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.9

<P>A Gram-reaction-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, β-glucosidase-producing lactic acid bacterium, designated strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from the Korean fermented food, Kimchi, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was able to grow at 4–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 4.0–7.0 (optimum, pH 6.0). Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> had the ability to transform ginsenoside Rb<SUB>1</SUB> to Rd. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity data, strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was shown to belong to the genus <I>Lactobacillus</I>. Strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> was related to <I>Lactobacillus koreensis</I> DCY50<SUP>T</SUP> (98.8 % sequence similarity), <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> LMG 11984<SUP>T</SUP> (97.7 %), <I>Lactobacillus senmaizukei</I> L13<SUP>T</SUP> (97.5 %), <I>Lactobacillus hammesii</I> TMW1.1236<SUP>T</SUP> (97.3 %) and <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> ATCC 14687<SUP>T</SUP> (97.2 %). Subsequently, sequence analysis of the RNA polymerase alpha subunit gene (<I>rpoA</I>) confirmed that strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> showed a maximum <I>rpoA</I> gene sequence similarity value of 93 % with <I>Lactobacillus brevis</I> LMG 6906<SUP>T</SUP>. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.8 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> DCY50<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Lactobacillus parabrevis</I> LMG 11984<SUP>T</SUP> were 46.1±4.9 % and 10.6±2.9 %, respectively. The major fatty acids were summed feature 7 (comprised of C<SUB>19 : 0</SUB> cyclo ω10<I>c</I>/19ω6), C<SUB>14 : 0</SUB>, C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and C<SUB>18 : 1</SUB>ω9<I>c</I>. The cell wall peptidoglycan was of the A4α <SMALL>l</SMALL>-Lys–<SMALL>d</SMALL>-Asp type. The phenotypic and molecular properties indicated that strain THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species within the genus <I>Lactobacillus</I>, for which the name <I>Lactobacillus</I> <I>yonginensis</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THK-V8<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KACC 16236<SUP>T</SUP> = JCM 18023<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>

Dynamic analysis of a linear motion guide having rolling elements for precision positioning devices

Yong-Sub Yi,Yoon Young Kim,Jae Seok Choi,Jeonghoon Yoo,Dong Jin Lee,Suk Won Lee,Sung Jin Lee 대한기계학회 2008 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.22 No.1

Linear motion (LM) guides supported by rolling elements can be used to ultra-accurately position precision machines. For accurate positioning, the micro and macro dynamic behavior of the LM guide must be understood, but the research on this subject is rather limited. In this investigation, experiments to reveal the dynamic characteristics of the LM guide were performed and a simplified model to predict the observed dynamics of the LM guide was developed. Several experiments conducted in the present research demonstrated the hysteretic behavior as well as frequency- and force-dependent phenomena of the LM guide. The validity of the proposed modeling method was checked with theoretical and numerical analyses.

Phylogenetic Relationships of Soft Pines ( Strobus ) based on ribosomal ITS sequences of chloroplast DNA

(Yong Sub Yi),(Eun Un Noh),(Young Im Choi),(Jung Ho Song),(Sang Urk Han) 한국임학회 2002 한국임학회 정기학술발표논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

An antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp. against Cryphonectria parasitica

Yong Sub Yi(이용섭),Sang Hyun Lee(이상현),Hye Sook Kim(김혜숙),Yoongho Lim(임융호) 한국생물공학회 2005 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.10

Antifungal Activity of Bacillus sp. against Pepper Anthracnose

Yi, Yong-Sub,Kim, Hye-Sook,Choi, Gyung-Ja,Cho, Kwang-Yun,Lim, Yoong-Ho The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2005 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.48 No.3