Astromicin sulfate의 약동학 및 안전성 평가

정숙인,김연숙,오원섭,복혜숙,김명민,최경업,김연화,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2001 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.19 No.3

목적 : Astromicin은 aminoglycoside계 항생제와 유사한 화학구조와 특성을 지니고, 기존의 aminoglycoside와 유사하거나 향상된 임상효과 및 부작용을 지닌 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 astromicin의 약동학적 특성을 분석하고, astromicin 투여 환자를 대상으로 한국인에서 그 임상적 및 세균학적 효과와 안전성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 약동학적 지표는 정상성인 남자를 대상으로 astromicin 200㎎을 30분간 정주한 후 24시간까지 혈장 및 뇨 검체를 수집하여 one-compartment open model에 따라 분석하였다. 중증으 세균감염이 있는 18세 이상의 환자를 대상으로 병용 또는 단독 투여한 후 임상적 효과와 세균학적 효과를 판정하였고, 치료전과 후의 순음청력검사와 혈청 크레아티닌으로 이독성과 신독성을 평가하였다. 결과 : 정상 성인 남자 12명을 대상으로 약동학적 지표를 평가하였고, 최고혈장농도는 투여 종료시점(C_(0))에서 16.87±1.68㎍/mL였으며, 반감기는 1.86±0.43 시간 이었고, AUC_(0-12h)은 38.12±10.57㎍ㆍhr/mL, Vd는 0.18±0.02L/㎏, CL은 5.25±2.07L/hr였다. 이러한 약동학적 지표는 다른 aminoglycoside와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 59명의 환자를 대상으로 시행한 임상적 효과 분석에서는 단독요법을 시행한 50명 중 임상적 치유율 94%, 세균학적 치유율 100%를 보였고, 순음청력검사를 시행한 48례의 환자중 의미있는 청력감소 소견은 관찰되지 않았으며, 신독성 또한 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : Astromicin의 약동학적 지표는 다른 aminoglycoside의 약동학적 지표와 비슷한 양상을 보이므로 향후 astromicin의 약물농도 감시에 있어서 다른 aminoglycoside의 치료적 약물 농도 감시 방법과 유사한 방법을 적용할 수 있으리라 기대된다. 또한 임상적 치유율이 우수하면서 신독성이나 이독성이 적어 세균 감염 환자의 치료에 있어서 단독 또는 병합 요법으로 비교적 안전하게 사용할 수 있으리라 생각된다. Astromicin(Fortimicin®) has some characteristics in common with other aminioglycoside antibiotics, although it has a unique chemical structure, which is different from them. This study was performed to elucidate the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of astromicin following single-dose intravenous infusion of 200 mg and to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of astromicin in Korean populations. PK parameters of astromicin were determined in 12 healthy volunteers (65.5±5.2㎏). The plasma and urine samples were collected up to 24hrs. PK variables were calculated by fitting individual concentration-time curves to a one-compartment open model. Plasma level at the end of infusion was 16.87?1.68 ㎍/mL and declined to 1.05±0.35 (㎍/mL 8hr later. The half-life was 1.86±0.43 hr. Apparent volume of distribution was 0.18±0.02 L/㎏g, and total body clearance was 5.25±2.07 L/hr. These values were similar to those of other aminioglycosides. Clinical efficacy and safety were eviuated in 59 patients with moderate to severe bacterial infections who needed parenteral antibiotics. Among 50 patients who recieved astromicin monotherapy, 49 (98%) had favorable clinical reponse and 28 (100%) had favorable bacteriological response. Serial audiograms revealed no change in all of 48 patients. No nephrotoxicity was observed in all patients. Conclusively, our data suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring of astromicin can be conducted in a similar fashion as other aminioglycosides and astromicin is a useful and safe antibiotic in the treatment of severe bacterial infections.

성인 남성들의 피부 인식 및 관심 정도

김선영 ( Sun Young Kim ),송연숙 ( Yeon Sook Song ) 대한미용문화예술학회 2015 대한미용문화예술학회지 Vol.4 No.2

This study investigated degree on perception and interest for skin of adult men``s. Then, the results found the following; regarding subjects general information, 30``s was the highest with 37.3% in terms of age. In terms of education, marital status and occupation, college graduates(56.0%), married(59.1%) and self-employed and services(37.1%) were the highest respectively. When asked about their skin type 42.9% responded I don``t know. Among the respondents who knew their skin type, oily skin was the highest with 32.7%, followed by dry skin and combination. In overall, interest in skin was lower than the average. When asked about the necessity of skin care in their social lives following the trend of the times, they responded pretty much(higher than the average) with 3.45 scores in average. as younger, interest in skin was higher. generally, the necessity of skin care was 3.54 scores, slightly higher than the average. When asked how often they use any UV blocker to protect their skin, none was most responded with 45.7%, followed by occasionally(38.3%) and always(16.0%).

과학관련 변인에 따른 예비유아교사의 과학교수효능감 연구

송연숙 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.35

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of self-efficacy in science teaching according to science-related background, science content knowledge, attitudes toward science teaching of pre-service early childhood teacher. Subjects of this study were 105 pre-service early childhood teacher in Ulsan College The Tool was Test of Science-Related Background, Science Content Knowledge, Attitudes toward Science Teaching, Self-Efficacy in Teaching Science. The SPSS/PC+ package was used to analyze statistical data. The major findings were as follows; First, in pre-service teachers' personal interest about science course, there was a significant difference in self-efficacy in science teaching and (F=4.88, p<.01, F=3.50, p<.05). Second, there was a significant difference between science content knowledge and self-efficacy in science teaching(t=4.51, t=4.74, p<.01). Third, there was a significant difference between attitudes toward science teaching and self-efficacy in science teaching(t=22.90, 19.57, p<.001; t=3.27, p<.05). Fourth, senior' personal interest in science, attitudes toward science teaching were related to self-efficacy in science teaching.

폐렴구균 감염증에서 항생제 내성의 임상적 의미 : Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens(ANSORP) Study

정숙인,기현균,손준성,고관수,김나영,장현하,오원섭,백경란,이남용,김신우,이혁,--,송재훈 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

목적 : 전 세계적으로 폐렴구균의 페니실린을 포함한 β-lactam과 마크로라이드 및 퀴놀론 계열의 항생제에 대한 내성이 급격히 증가하여 임상적으로 문제가 되고 있으나, 시험관내 내성이 실제 임상적 예후에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 아직까지 논란이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 폐렴구균의 항생제 내성률이 높은 아시아 지역에서 항생제 내성이 폐렴구균 감염증의 임상경과에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 시행되었다. 방법 : ANSORP에서 주관한 전향적 임상 연구로서 1999년 11월부터 2001년 8월까지 아시아 지역 11개국의 14개 기관에서 진단된 침습성 폐럼구균 감염증 환자를 대상으로 내성 균주 감염의 위험요인, 임상양상, 예후 등의 임상적 분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 총 646명 환자의 평균연령은 30.1세(6일-89세)였고, 이전 3개월 내에 항생제 사용력이 있는 환자는 159명(32.4%)이었다. 질환별로는 폐렴이 377예(58.4%)로 가장 많았고, 중이염 67예, 뇌수막염 66예(10.2%), 일차성 균혈증 65예(10.1%)였다. 총 646균주 중 347균주(53.7%)가 페니실린 비감수성(중등도 내성 23.1%, 고도 내성 23.1%)이었고, 페니실린에 대한 MIC_(90)은 0.03㎍/mL에서 4㎍/mL까지의 분포를 보였다. 페니실린 비감수성 균주에 의한 감염증과 차이가 없었다. 페니실린 내성 폐렴구균 폐렴에 의한 사망률은 페니실린 감수성 폐렴구균 폐렴에 의한 사망률과 차이가 없었다(p=0.846). Erythromycin에 대한 고도 내성을 보이는 균주의 비율이 매우 높았으나, 실제 임상상이나 치사율에는 영향을 미치지 않았다(p=0.092). 페니실린 비감수성 폐렴구균에 의한 뇌수막염의 치사률도 감수성 균주에 의한 사망률과 차이가 없었다(p=0.059). 결론 : 본 연구의 결과 페니실린 및 베타 락탐 제제에 대한 시험관 내성은 폐렴구균 폐렴이나 뇌수막염의 임상상이나 치사율에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 내성의 정도와 연관될 것으로 생각되므로, 향후 고도 내성 균주가 증가할 때 추가 검증을 요한다. 아울러 macrolide 및 퀴놀론계 항생제 내성의 임상적 의미에 대한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : Despite the widespread emergence of antimicrobial resistance among pneumococcal strains worldwide, clinical implications of in vitro resistance still remain an open question. To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumococcal resistance in Asian countries where the prevalence of pneumococcal resistance was reported to be highest in the world, ANSORP has performed a prospective, multinational surveillance study with cases with invasive pneumococcal diseases in Asian countries. Methods : In vitro susceptibility of pneumococcal isolates was determined by broth microdilution tests with 16 antimicrobial agents. All enrolled cases of pneumococcal infections were analyzed with regard to demographic data, clinical features, risk factors and mortality. Results : A total of 646 patients with pneumococcal infections were enrolled from 14 centers in 12 countries between the period from November 1999 to August 2001. Pneumonia (58.4%) was the most common clinical disease followed by bacteremia (33.4%), otitis media (10.4%), and meningitis (10.2%). Among 646 isolates, 347 (53.7%) were penicillin non-susceptible (intermediate 23.1%, resistant 30.7%). MIG_(90)s for penicillin ranged from 0.03 (India) to 4.0 ㎍/mL (Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Hong Kong). Overall mortality from pneumococcal diseases by penicillin non-susceptible strains was not different from that by susceptible strains. Pneumococcal pneumonia caused by penicillin- or erythromycin-resistant strains showed similar mortality, severity of illness, or complications to that by susceptible strains. Mortality from pneumococcal meningitis caused by penicillin non-susceptible strains was also similar to that by susceptible strains. Conclusion : Data suggest that current situation of in vitro resistance to penicillin or macrolides may not affect the mortality from pneumococal pneumonia or meningitis caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.

산불로 교란된 고성지역에서 자연복원지와 조림복원지의 영양염류수지 비교

이규송,정연숙 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1999 東海岸硏究 Vol.10 No.1

강원도 고성지역에서 산불피해를 입지 않은 곳, 자연복원지 그리고 잣나무조림 복원지를 선정하여 질소와 인의 영양염류수지를 비교하였다. 토양층에 함유된 질소의 양은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 4255, 4231 및 4724㎏/ha 이고, 인의 양은 각각 낙엽층과 고사체에 함유된 질소의 총량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 399.19, 434.33 및 373.79㎏/ha로 화재목을 방치한 자연복지에서 가장 많았고, 화재목의 줄기가 제거된 자연복원지에서 가장 적었다. 낙엽층과 고사체에 함유된 인의 총량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 21.97, 27.29 및 22.41㎏/ha 로 질소와 마찬가지로 자연복원지에서 가장 많았다. 식물의 현존량에 보유되고 있는 질소의 총량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 423.87, 133.09및 103.17㎏/ha로 비피해지에서 가장 많았고, 자연복원지가 조림복원지보다 많았다. 식물의 현존량에 보유되고 있는 인의 총량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 26.25, 1.54 및 1.87㎏/ha로 비피해지에서 가장 많았고, 조림복원지가 자연복원지보다 다소 많았다. 본 조사지의 조림복원지에서 화재목의 제거로 인하여 생태계밖으로 유출된 질소와 인의 양은 각각 147.64와 9.79㎏/ha이었다. 토양 침식에 의하여 생태계밖으로 빠져나간 질소와 인의 함량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 0.19, 11.33 및 7.24㎏/ha/yr와 0.32, 16.45 및 9.31g/ha/yr이었다. 본 조사지에서 표면유출수량은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 3.69,264.56및 226.47ton/ha/yr 이고 많은 양의 영양염류가 표면유출수량에 비례하여 바져나갈 것으로 예상되었다. 결론적으로 산불이 일어난지 3년차에 생태계내에 보유되고 질소와 인의 양은 비피해지, 자연복원지 및 조림복원지에서 각각 5077.86, 4798.62및 5200.96㎏/ha 와 55.34, 36.18 및 32.18㎏/ha이었다. Nutrient budgets of nitrogen and phosphorus were compared among three ecosystems, the unburned site , planting revegetation site and natural revegetation site, in Kosung area disturbed by forest fire. Amounts of nitrogen in soil layer on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site were 4255.4231and 4724㎏/㏊,amounts of phosphorous in soil layer on the three sites were 7.12, 7.85 and 7.90㎏/ha, respectively. Nitrogen standing stock in litter and dead woody plants on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site were 399.19.434.33 and 373.79㎏/ha, and amounts of phosphorus in those on the three sites were 21.97.27.29 and 22.41㎏/ha, respectively. Amounts of nitrogen in vivid plant biomass on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site were 423.87,133.09 and 103.17㎏/ha, and amounts of phosphorus in vivid plant biomass on the three sites were 26.25, 1.54 and 1.87㎏/ha, respectively. Amounts of total retention nitrogen in the ecosystem were 5077.86, 4798.62 and 5200.96㎏/ha on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site, respectively. Amounts of total retention phosphorus in the ecosystem were 55.34, 36.18 and 32.18㎏/ha on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site, respectively. The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from the planting revegetation site by clear-cut of fired wood were 147.64 and 9.79㎏/ha, respectively. Nitrogen loss by soil erosion on the unburned site, natural revegetatiopn site and planting revegetation site were 0.19, 11.33 and 7.24㎏/ha/yr, and phosphorous loss by soil erosion on the three sites were 0.32, 16.45 and 9.31㎏/ha/yr, respectively. Amounts of surface runoff on the unburned site, natural revegetation site and planting revegetation site were estimated 3.69, 264.56 and 226.47ton/ha/yr. respectively.

조직학적 진단된 chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis 2예

김연숙,정숙인,기현균,김춘관,김신우,한정호,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

CNPA는 기존의 폐질환 및 폐절제술로 인해 국소방어기전에 저하가 있거나 비특이적 전신면역상태저하를 갖고 있는 환자들에게서 주로 발생하는 만성적인 공동성 폐질환이다. 현재까지 우리나라에서는 CNPA의 보고가 없는 상태이고, 저자들은 최근 조직학적으로 진단된 CNPA 2예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 저자들이 경험한 CNPA 환자들은 만성알코올 중독 및 기관지확장증과 같은 기저질환과 폐절제술을 받은 병력이 있었다. Aspergillus가 폐실질을 침윤하고 있는 조직소견과 조직배양에서 Aspergillus가 검출되어 조직학적 진단이 가능하였고, amphotericin B의 정주요법 및 경구 itraconazole 투여와 폐절제술 등으로 성공적으로 치료되었다. 아직 많은 임상의들에게는 낯선 질환인 CNPA의 치료성적은 환자의 동반질환 및 CNPA 자체의 중증도, 진단과 치료 시작의 지연 등에 의해 크게 좌우되므로 만성적으로 진행하는 공동성 폐병변을 갖고 있는 환자에게서 CNPA를 감별하는 것이 중요하다. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA) is a chronic cavitary form of pulmonary aspergillosis. Dozens of CNPA cases have been reported in patients with systemic immunologic dysfunction or altered local defense mechanism from preexisting pulmonary disease. Review of literatures revealed that no CNPA cases have been reported in Korea yet. We experienced two cases of CNPA proven by lung biopsy. A 53-year-old alcoholic male in poor nutritional state was admitted with generalized weakness and weight loss. Chest CT revealed a cavitary nodule surrounded with ground-glass attenuation. CT-guided fine needle aspiration and biopsy was done. The biopsy specimen demonstrated dichotomously branching septated hyphae consistent with those of Aspergillus sp. Another case was a 39-year-old man with bronchiectasis who was admitted with persistent hemoptysis. He had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A parahilar lesion with intracavitary soft tissue mass was incidentally detected in high-resolution GT. Left lingular segmentectomy was done due to uncontrolled hemoptysis and CNPA was histologically diagnosed. Both patients were successfully treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by oral itraconazole. Even though CNPA is unfamiliar to most clinicians, it should be included in differential diagnoses of chronic progressive cavitary pulmonary lesion, especially in patients with immunologic dysfunction.

대학생의 윤리적 소비에 대한 의식과 실천에 관한 연구

홍연금, 송인숙, 천경희 가톨릭대학교 생활과학연구소 2011 생활과학연구논집 Vol.31 No.1

일개 대학병원에서 경험한 방선균증의 임상상

정숙인,김연숙,기현균,김춘관,김신우,이혁,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.3

배경 : 방선균증은 혐기성의 그람양성 간균에 의한 만성 화농성 감염으로, 경안면부, 흉부, 복부, 골반부 등을 주로 침범한다. 최근 구강 위생의 향상과 항생제의 사용으로 인해 방선균증의 빈도의 감소와 함께 그 임상양상 또한 크게 변화하였다. 저자들은 국내에서의 방선균증의 임상상을 분석하기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1995년 5월부터 1998년 9월까지 삼성서울병원에서 방선균증으로 진단받은 환자를 대상으로 임상기록지를 토대로 감염병소와 임상경과 등을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 방선균증 환자는 모두 12명으로 경안면부 1례, 흉부 3례, 복부 3례, 골반부 5례였다. 임상양상은 주로 종괴의 형태로 나타나 진단을 내리기까지 종양과의 감별에 어려웠으며 진단은 모두 조직검사나 흡인액에서 유황과립을 확인함으로써 이루어졌다. 방선균증으로 진단된 환자는 모두 호전소견을 보였다. 결론 : 국내에서도 방선균증이 드물지 않게 발생하고 있으며 임상양상이 다양하여 가장 많이 오진되는 질환 중의 하나이다. 방선균증은 조직검사나 균배양검사를 통해 진단하고 항생제를 통해 완치될 수 있는 질환이므로 환자 진단에 관심을 가지면 불필요한 수술을 피할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Background: Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive bacterial infection, caused by Actinomyces. a gram-positive, non-spore-forming anaerobic or microaerophilic rod. Actinomycosis affects nearly every organ and body site. The disease is classically divided into four types, depending on the anatomic sites involved: cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic. It has been considered as a rare disease, and only several cases have been reported in Korea. We performed this study to analyse the clinical manifestations of actinomycosis in Korea. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with actinomycosis at the Samsung Medical Center from May 1995 to December 1998. Results: During the study period, actinomycosis was diagnosed in 12 patients: 1 patient had cervicofacial lesion, 3 thoracic, 3 abdominal, and 5 pelvic. The male and female ratio was 1 : 2 and the mean age was 47.2 years. Sulfur granule was observed in the pathologic specimens from all cases, but organism did not grow at all. It was very difficult to differentiate actinomycosis from tumorous conditions without pathologic diagnosis. All patients were clinically improved with antibiotics or surgical procedures. Conclusion: Actinomycosis is not a rare disease nowadays and has various clinical manifestations. It can be diagnosed by pathologic examination or culture and cured by antibiotics without surgical management.

친환경아파트의 실내공간에 사용된 계획요소 사례연구

이송현;황연숙 한양대학교 2005 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.25 No.2

The awareness of ecological friendliness has been emerging in the recent years, and the application to housing is quite notable. The purpose of this study is to evaluate environment-friendly planning factor in Environment-friendly Housing. For this purpose, this study has analyzed 4 Apartments in Environment-friendly Apartment Certification. The findings of this study are as follows: The application of environment-friendly planning factor in interior space are limited. Most of Apartments are located in south. The variability of floor plan is not applied but the built-in storage is well-applied. Environment-friendly finishing material and the garden-style balconies were applied in a passive way. This analysis showed current status of interior planning factor of unit apartment in Environment-friendly Housing Certification and basic information for future direction.

금병산 초본 군집의 지하부 구조 : 영양생장식물의 우점도에 관하여

정연숙,이규송 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Radicoid structure of herbaceous communities in Mt. Kumbyung, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do was clarified emphasizing on the dominance of clonal plants in relation to vegetation development. In the total vegetation, 46% species identified were rhizomatous, 26% were species with tap roots, and 13% were stoloniferous species. Thus, all clonal species, including plants with bulb, corm and tuber, covered 62.8% of the total species. In the understory of Quercus, Pinus and Larix forests,68.2% were clonal, which means 5% more compare to total vegetaion. Dominance of clonal plants became more conspicuous as their importance value was calculated. That is, they covered average 86% for the following three communities: 85% in Quercus, 95% in Pinus and 76% in Larix Especially, the rhizomatous plants were remarkable. Overall, clonal species dominated over the other radicoid types in terms of not only the number of species, but also the importance value. Dominance of these species was more peculiar in understory of forests, indicating the occupancy of clonal plants was related to the vegetation development.