Transcriptome profiling of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) discovers candidate regulators of the cold stress respo

Xiao‑Xiao Gong,Bing‑Yu Yan,Jin Hu,Cui‑Ping Yang,Yi‑Jian Li,Jin‑Ping Liu,Wen‑Bin Liao 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.11

Tropical plant rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is the sole source of commercial natural rubber and low-temperature stress is the most important limiting factor for its cultivation. To characterize the gene expression profiles of H. brasiliensis under the cold stress and discover the key cold stress-induced genes. Three cDNA libraries, CT (control), LT2 (cold treatment at 4 °C for 2 h) and LT24 (cold treatment at 4 °C for 24 h) were constructed for RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and gene expression profiling. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the RNA-Seq and gene differentially expression results. A total of 1457 and 2328 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LT2 and LT24 compared with CT were respectively detected. Most significantly enriched KEGG pathways included flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, phenylalanine metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism. A total of 239 transcription factors (TFs) were differentially expressed following 2 h or/and 24 h of cold treatment. Cold-response transcription factor families included ARR-B, B3, BES1, bHLH, C2H, CO-like, Dof, ERF, FAR1, G2-like, GRAS, GRF, HD-ZIP, HSF, LBD, MIKC-MADS, M-type MADS, MYB, MYB-related, NAC, RAV, SRS, TALE, TCP, Trihelix, WOX, WRKY, YABBY and ZF-HD. The genome-wide transcriptional response of rubber tree to the cold treatments were determined and a large number of DEGs were characterized including 239 transcription factors, providing important clues for further elucidation of the mechanisms of cold stress responses in rubber tree.

Meteorological driven factors of population growth in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), in rice paddies

Xiao‐Zhen Li,Yi ZOU,Hai-Yan YANG,Hai-Jun XIAO,Jian-Guo WANG 한국곤충학회 2017 Entomological Research Vol.47 No.5

Growth of brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) in rice paddies is mainly driven by meteorological factors under similar management practices. By analyzing field investigation and meteorological data collected from 2008 to 2013 in Nanchang, China, we show that BPH population densities and monthly growth rates (BGR) changed greatly from May to October, and these changes were closely associated with meteorological factors. Stepwise regression and path analysis indicated average speed of winds (AW) in June and lowest temperature (LT) in July were the first factors entering analysis, which interpreted 46.20% and 31.90% of their influences on BGR. While highest temperature (HT) in August and average temperature (AT) in September were the most important factors affecting BGR, but their direct path coefficients were all smaller than their corresponding indirect path coefficients. In October, relative humidity (RH), AW and number of raining days (RD) had significant effects on BGR. According to the sum of each meteorological factor entering stepwise regression analysis sequences, we found AW had the utmost effect on BPH growth, followed by AT and RH, but LT and RD least. The work demonstrate dynamic meteorological factors driving BPH growth and outbreak in rice paddies, which would facilitate the development of durable approaches for forecasting and controlling this destructive rice pest.

Effect of Prior Microstructures on Cementite Dissolution Behavior During Subcritical Annealing of High Carbon Steels

Xiao‑Yu Zhao,Xian‑Ming Zhao,Chun‑Yu Dong,Yang Yang,Huai‑Bin Han 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

The variation of the morphology and distribution of cementite particles in different prior structures with spheroidizingannealing process has been proceeded in this paper. It is found that the dissolution and coarsening progresses of variousinitial structures in spheroidizing annealing process are quite asynchronous due to the different interlamellar spacing. Thedissolution rate of degenerated pearlite (D-P) with finer interlamellar spacing is faster. The granular cementite in the spheroidizedmicrostructure is fine, uniform and dense. The mean diameter of spherical cementite is refined to 233 nm. However,the initial structure of degenerated pearlite (D-P) is highly sensitive to the austenitization temperature. The cementite iseasy to be coarsened under high austenitizing temperature. The coarsening is accompanied by the gradual increase of theCr content in the cementite, which increases the stability of the cementite. Therefore, the optimal austenitizing temperaturefor degenerated pearlite (D-P) is suggested to be 770 °C.

New method for rapidly estimating population densities of the concealed wood‐borer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the field

Xiao‐Yi Wang,Zhong-qi Yang,Chun-Nan SITU,Jian WANG,Fu-Yong FU 한국곤충학회 2016 Entomological Research Vol.46 No.2

To rapidly estimate pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope, population densities in forests, the vertical distributions of M. alternatus oviposition sites and larvae on infested Masson pines (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) were studied. Results showed that the number of oviposition sites on sections of trunks between 0 and 2 m above ground was significantly greater than on sections of trunk above 2 m, and the vertical distribution had a significant logarithmic relationship with trunk height. The larval number of M. alternatus on dead infested trees had a significant difference among heights of trunks. Sections on trunks at 2–4 m usually contained the largest number of M. alternatus larvae, while the number of larvae on trunks above 10 m declined significantly, as well as in the 1 m section of trunk at the base. The vertical distribution of M. alternatus larvae on dead infested pines showed a distinct parabolic relationship with trunk height. The number of oviposition sites of M. alternatus on infested Masson pine trunks revealed a significant exponential relationship with the diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees. A significant positive linear relationship also was observed between M. alternatus larval number and DBH on the host pine trees, as well as between the numbers of larvae and oviposition sites on an individual tree. The total number of larvae in an infested tree could be calculated easily using an established equation, through counting the number of oviposition sites at 3–4 m of trunk aboveground. This study developed a practical method for rapid estimation of M. alternatus populations.

Construction of High Strain Rate Loading Constitutive Model and Failure Model and Prediction of Forming Limit for LA103Z Magnesium Alloy

Hailiang Yang,Xiao Wang,Peng Ni,Zhewen Li,Huixia Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8

In order to use numerical simulation to reveal the formability of magnesium–lithium alloys and other light alloys under highstrain rate, it is crucial to construct a constitutive model and a forming limit diagram (FLD) of LA103Z alloy that was formedby laser shock at high strain rate. In this study, three different uniaxial tensile experiments on the ultralight alloy materialLA103Z magnesium alloy were conducted, the mechanical behavior of the material with sensitivity to high strain rate wasstudied, and a Johnson–Cook (JC) constitutive model sensitive to high strain rates and suitable for laser shock forming wasproposed. At the same time, the constitutive parameters and failure parameters of the modified JC model of LA103Z magnesiumalloy were obtained through three different uniaxial tensile experiments. On the basis of the relationship betweentensile loading and stress–strain of LA103Z magnesium alloy, the experiments demonstrated the precision of the modified JCconstitutive model. A modified constitutive model was then developed by using the user material subroutine VUMAT, andthen it was applied to ABAQUS. Finally, the formability of the material was simulated, and the FLD of LA103Z magnesiumalloy material in laser shock forming was predicted. This study provides guidance on the actual production and applicationof LA103Z magnesium alloys.

The USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis contributes to tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer

Pei Xu,Haibo Xiao,Qi Yang,Rui Hu,Lianyong Jiang,Rui Bi,Xueyan Jiang,Lei Wang,Ju Mei,Fangbao Ding,Jianbing Huang 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Deubiquitinases (DUBs) and noncoding RNAs have been the subjects of recent extensive studies regarding their roles in lung cancer, but the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. In our study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas data set and bioinformatics analyses and identified USP21, a DUB, as a potential contributor to oncogenesis in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We further demonstrated that USP21 was highly expressed in NSCLCs. We then conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo assays to explore the effect of USP21 on NSCLC progression and the underlying mechanism involved. USP21 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and in vivo tumor growth by stabilizing a well-known oncogene, Yin Yang-1 (YY1), via mediating its deubiquitination. Furthermore, YY1 transcriptionally regulates the expression of SNHG16. Moreover, StarBase bioinformatics analyses predicted that miR4500 targets SNHG16 and USP21. A series of in vitro experiments indicated that SNHG16 increased the expression of USP21 through miR-4500. In summary, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis plays a role in promoting the progression of NSCLC. Therefore, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16/miR-4500 axis may be a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC treatment.

魏晉寫槐骈赋研究

Yang Mu Xiao,Yang Xiao Bin 한국중국산문학회 2013 중국산문연구집간 Vol.3 No.-

홰나무를 소재로 한 변문은 위진시기 문인들에게 상당한 인기를 끌었으며 역대로 더욱 발전양상을 띄어 구식, 결구, 장법, 수사 등 여러 분야가 날로 성숙되었다. 홰나무에 대한 상징을 사용하는 일과 그 문화적 내함은 점차로 확립되어 당시의 심미관을 선명하게 체현하였다. 위진시기 홰나무 소재 변문 중 홰 나무 상징의 사용은 대략 세 가지 종류가 있다. 大槐安國(한 사람이 홰나무 밑에서 낮잠을 자다가 꿈에 대괴안국 왕의 사위가 되어 南柯郡을 20년 동안 다스리면서 부귀영화를 누리다가 꿈을 깨었다는 내용)의 정치적 우의, 槐社安民의 심리적 기탁, 그리고 槐仙之道의 현학적 함의이다. 일종의 상징 부호로서 홰나무는 위진시기에는 더 이상 자연지물에 대한 묘사는 아니었다. 부단한 전습과 변화로 다양한 측면의 인문 내함을 부여받게 되었고 농후한 역사적 연속성을 띄게 된 것이다.

IGF-1 from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Radioresistance of Breast Cancer Cells

Yang, Hui-Ying,Qu, Rong-Mei,Lin, Xiao-Shan,Liu, Tong-Xin,Sun, Quan-Quan,Yang, Chun,Li, Xiao-Hong,Lu, Wei,Hu, Xiao-Fang,Dai, Jing-Xing,Yuan, Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) on radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MTT assays were used to detect any influence of AMSC supernatants on proliferation of breast cancer cells; cell migration assays were used to determine the effect of breast cancer cells on the recruitment of AMSCs; the cell survival fraction post-irradiation was assessed by clonogenic survival assay; ${\gamma}$-H2AX foci number post-irradiation was determined via fluorescence microscopy; and expression of IGF-1R was detected by Western blotting. Results: AMSC supernatants promoted proliferation and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Breast cancer cells could recruit AMSCs, especially after irradiation. IGF-1 derived from AMSCs might be responsible for the radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that AMSCs in the tumor microenvironment may affect the outcome of radiotherapy for breast cancer in vitro.

8q24 rs4242382 Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer among Multi-Ethnic Populations: Evidence from Clinical Detection in China and a Meta-analysis

Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Liu, Ming,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Wei, Dong,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Yang, Fan,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Wang, Xin,Liang, Si-Ying,Zhao, Fan,Zhang, Yu-Rong,Wang, Na-Na,Chen, Xin,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

Background: Evidence supporting an association between the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and prostate cancer (PCa) risk has been reported in North American and Europe populations, though data from Asian populations remain limited. We therefore investigated this association by clinical detection in China, and meta-analysis in Asian, Caucasian and African-American populations. Materials and Methods: Blood samples and clinical information were collected from ethnically Chinese men from Northern China with histologically-confirmed PCa (n=335) and from age-matched normal controls (n=347). The 8q24 (rs4242382) gene polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-high-resolution melting analysis. We initially analyzed the associations between the risk allele and PCa and clinical covariates. A meta-analysis was then performed using genotyping data from a total of 1,793 PCa cases and 1,864 controls from our study and previously published studies in American and European populations, to determine the association between PCa and risk genotype. Results: The incidence of the risk allele was higher in PCa cases than controls (0.222 vs 0.140, $P=7.3{\times}10^{-5}$), suggesting that the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism was associated with PCa risk in Chinese men. The genotypes in subjects were in accordance with a dominant genetic model (ORadj=2.03, 95%CI: 1.42-2.91, $Padj=1.1{\times}10^{-4}$). Presence of the risk allele rs4242382-A at 8q24 was also associated with clinical covariates including age at diagnosis ${\geq}65$ years, prostate specific antigen >10 ng/ml, Gleason score <8, tumor stage and aggressive PCa, compared with the non-risk genotype ($P=4.6{\times}10^{-5}-3.0{\times}10^{-2}$). Meta-analysis confirmed the association between 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and PCa risk (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.39-1.88, $P=1.0{\times}10^{-5}$) across Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. Conclusions: The replicated data suggest that the 8q24 rs4242382-A variation might be associated with increased PCa susceptibility in Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. These results imply that this polymorphism may be a useful risk biomarker for PCa in multi-ethnic populations.

천카이거(陳凱歌) 영화 <요묘전(妖猫傳)>의 성당문화(盛唐文化) 재현에 대한 일고찰 ― 성당(盛唐) 아니마의 표상인 양귀비(楊貴妃)와 페르소나 사이의 관계를 중심으로

滕曉陽 ( Teng Xiao-yang ),文炫善 ( Moon Hyoun-sun ) 중국어문학회 2021 中國語文學誌 Vol.- No.75

The movie “Legend of Demon Cat(妖猫傳)” is a work by Chen Kaige(陳凱歌), the fifth-generation Chinese director. This film is an adaptation of a Japanese novel based on the historical events of Tang dynasty(唐朝), depicting Tang’s culture from its peak to decline as a fantasy embodied by spectacular spectacles. In this article, the director’s cinematic reproduction reflects his complex about his ideal cultural prototype, and attempted to detox from Jung’s analytic psychological perspective. In other words, Yang guifei(楊貴妃), the symbolic Anima of ShengTang(盛唐, the Great Tang Period), and the male characters surrounding her can be analyzed as a multifaceted personas attempting to project an anima. The rationality of this analysis is related to the aesthetic pursuit of cultural anima, which the director has consistently emphasized. Thus, this archetype analysis can be decoded as the director’s own spiritual projection of Chinese culture and its cultural ideals. Through the analytical psychological approach to the characters in the film and the deciphering of the animatic projection, the director critically depicts cultural oppression by the dominant power, and at the same time has an ambivalent orientation that longs for the brilliant exhibition of culture. In addition, it was found that he repeatedly resisted in the process of pursuing an ideal culture that respects heterogeneous things and allows free communication and fusion, and that the frustration of that resistance is converging into personal transcendence and return to daydream and fantasy.