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Bone Drilling System for Quantifying Hand Feeling in Orthopedic Surgery
( C. -y. Wu ),( J. -y. Su ),( C. -s. Hsu ),( Y. -h. Chen ),( K. -f. Chang ),( C. -c. Huang ),( H. -m. Wu ),( Y. -c. Tsai ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
In this work, a bone drilling system was designed to quantify “hand feeling”, which can benefit surgeons to be more acquainted with bone hardness. A bi-axial force/torque sensor is mounted on the bone drilling system in order to measure the thrust force and the torque caused by drilling in bones. The system is assembled with a motorized stage, which is directly integrated with a surgical handpiece by an adjustable holder, to drill into various bones (porcine mandible, porcine femur, porcine rib) at different feed speeds and spindle speeds. The results reveal that the feed speed is positively corresponded with force and torque. However, the effect of spindle speed on force and torque is negligible. In addition, drilling bones without spraying water can cause the drilling temperature to increase to 73.3°C. According to the data from the experiments, the exact force and torque during bone drilling can be predicted with the given parameters. Thus, surgeons are capable of preventing the use of excessive force during bone drilling.
Robust, Tunable Biological Oscillations from Interlinked Positive and Negative Feedback Loops
Tsai, T. Y.-C.,Choi, Y. S.,Ma, W.,Pomerening, J. R.,Tang, C.,Ferrell, J. E. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2008 Science Vol.321 No.5885
<P>A simple negative feedback loop of interacting genes or proteins has the potential to generate sustained oscillations. However, many biological oscillators also have a positive feedback loop, raising the question of what advantages the extra loop imparts. Through computational studies, we show that it is generally difficult to adjust a negative feedback oscillator's frequency without compromising its amplitude, whereas with positive-plus-negative feedback, one can achieve a widely tunable frequency and near-constant amplitude. This tunability makes the latter design suitable for biological rhythms like heartbeats and cell cycles that need to provide a constant output over a range of frequencies. Positive-plus-negative oscillators also appear to be more robust and easier to evolve, rationalizing why they are found in contexts where an adjustable frequency is unimportant.</P>
Monitoring the Comfort of Poultry Body by Infrared Thermography
( C. H. Tsou ),( T. T. Lin ),( C. C. Liu ),( K. W. Hsieh ),( Y. C. Tsai ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
At present, the environmental regulation of Taiwanese traditional poultry farm is based on the information collected by the ambient temperature and humidity sensor. However, this method is unable to know the situation of the poultry directly. The purpose of this study is to collect poultry body surface temperature information directly by the infrared thermal imager. The relationship between poultry body surface temperature and temperature-humidity index (THI) is studied for estimating the actual feeling of poultry at different conditions. The Raspberry Pi, infrared thermal imaging sensor, environmental sensors were integrated for collecting the poultry body temperature and environmental information. The collected poultry infrared thermal images were divided into head, foot and wing different areas for the analysis. The environment temperature, humidity, air velocity and poultry surface temperature were continuous recorded for four weeks. The measured chicken’s surface temperature from infrared image sensor changes with the THI. The temperature change of the chicken’s foot is larger than the temperature of chicken’s head, and wing. The correlation between poultry surface temperature and THI, and temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI) were calculated. According to the results, the correlation between poultry surface temperature and THI is higher than the correlation between poultry surface temperature and THVI. It shows that THI impacts on the poultry surface temperature. The poultry surface temperature can be detected by the infrared camera for poultry house environment control.
Using Frequency Domain Reflectometry for Rapidly Measurement of Peanut Moisture Content
( C. J. Hsu ),( C. C. Hsu ),( H. K. Lee ),( T. M. Chen ),( P. K. Lei ),( Y. C. Tsai ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
In order to achieve rapidly measurement of peanut moisture content, the Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) system was designed and develop by combining a dual-probe frequency domain reflectometer and Latte Panda. For the peanut moisture content FDR measurement, the calibration curve is necessary to define at first. The peanut samples (Tainan No.9 and Tainan No.18) are separate into pods and kernels and pulverized into granule shape for the measurement. The samples are baked in the oven at 130°C for 6 hours for removing the water content and defined it as 0% moisture content. Then the different weights of water have been added into samples for making different moisture content peanuts. The different dielectric constant measured by FDR sensor system is corresponded as the different moisture content. The calibration curve can be obtained from the relationship between the different moisture content peanut samples and the corresponding dielectric constant. During the FDR measurement, 32 N/㎡ applying force to the sample is necessary for eliminating the air gap. Furthermore, different methods for measuring the peanut moisture content were carried out in the factory with the drying machine. The comparison and results of different measure methods during the drying process at factory has been completed. The result shows that different measuring method have the same peanut moisture content trend. In addition, another method for obtaining the calibration curve was carried out in this work. The peanuts were baked to different moisture content and measured the corresponding dielectric constant. The calibration curves of peanut’s pods and kernels and the accuracy test has been defined. The both correlation coefficients of the testing samples are more than 0.97. It proves that this proposal FDR system have high accuracy and is enable to rapidly measure from 5% to 60% moisture content of peanut.
A Hybrid QFD Framework for New Product Development
Tsai, Y C,Chin, K S,Yang, J B 한국품질경영학회 2002 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.3 No.2
Nowadays, new product development (NPD) is one of the most crucial factors for business success. The manufacturing firms cannot afford the resources in the long development cycle and the costly redesigns. Good product planning is crucial to ensure the success of NPD, while the Quality Function deployment (QFD) is an effective tool to help the decision makers to determine appropriate product specifications in the product planning stage. Traditionally, in the QFD, the product specifications are determined by a rather subjective evaluation, which is based on the knowledge and experience of the decision makers. In this paper, the traditional QFD methodology is firstly reviewed. An improved Hybrid Quality Function Deployment (HQFD) [MSOfficel]is then presented to tackle the shortcomings of traditional QFD methodologies in determining the engineering characteristics. A structured questionnaire to collect and analyze the customer requirements, a methodology to establish a QFD record base and effective case retrieval, and a model to more objectively determine the target values of engineering characteristics are also described.
A Fe-based Metallic Glass Bilayer Membrane for Biochip Micropump Application
( Y. F. Huang ),( Z. Y. Wang ),( Y. Y. Chen ),( C. C. Liao ),( Y. C. Tsai ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
This paper presents a Fe-based (Fe<sub>76</sub>Si<sub>9</sub>B<sub>10</sub>P<sub>5</sub>) metallic glass (MG) bilayer membrane for bio-chip micropump application. A Fe-based metallic glass integrated with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) diaphragm is proposed and developed for an actuation membrane in this work. An actuation bilayer membrane integrated Fe-based metallic glass and PDMS diaphragm by the standard MEMS fabrication process is proposed and developed in this work. The permanent magnets on two sides are employed for polarizing the Fe-based metallic glass thin film. The magnetic field generated by the coil underneath the actuation membrane is used to attract and repel the actuation bilayer membrane. Different sputtering conditions were carried out for optimizing the Fe-based metallic glass process. The deflection of the fabricated actuation bilayer membrane was measured by laser displacement sensor. As the frequency continuously increases, the magnetic field generated by the coil decreases. The maximum magnetic field is 140 G. When 1 Hz AC 20 voltage was applied to the magnetic coil, the maximum deflection of the actuation bilayer membrane is 5 μm. The characterization experiments reveal that the Fe-based MG actuation membrane can be driven by the external electromagnetic force.