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Wonmo Sung,Jong Min Park,Chang Heon Choi,Sung Whan Ha,Sung-Joon Ye 대한방사선종양학회 2012 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.30 No.1
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of common three photon energies (6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV) on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans to treat prostate cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with prostate cancer treated locally to 81.0 Gy were retrospectively studied. 6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV IMRT plans for each patient were generated using suitable planning objectives, dose constraints, and 8-field setting. The plans were analyzed in terms of dose-volume histogram for the target coverage, dose conformity, organs at risk (OAR) sparing, and normal tissue integral dose. Results: Regardless of the energies chosen at the plans, the target coverage, conformity, and homogeneity of the plans were similar. However, there was a significant dose increase in rectal wall and femoral heads for 6-MV compared to those for 10-MV and 15-MV. The V<sub>20 Gy</sub> of rectal wall with 6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV were 95.6%, 88.4%, and 89.4% while the mean dose to femoral heads were 31.7, 25.9, and 26.3 Gy, respectively. Integral doses to the normal tissues in higher energy (10-MV and 15-MV) plans were reduced by about 7%. Overall, integral doses in mid and low dose regions in 6-MV plans were increased by up to 13%. Conclusion: In this study, 10-MV prostate IMRT plans showed better OAR sparing and less integral doses than the 6-MV. The biological and clinical significance of this finding remains to be determined afterward, considering neutron dose contribution.
Modeling of radiation effects to immune system: a review
Sung Wonmo,Cho Byungchul 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.81 No.11
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer mortality and accounts for about 90% of cancer death. Although radiation therapy has been considered to reduce the localized cancer burden, emerging evidence that radiation can potentially turn tumors into an in situ vaccine has raised signifcant interest in combining radiation with immunotherapy. However, the combination approach might be limited by the radiation-induced immunosuppression. Assessment of radiation efects on the immune system at the patient level is critical to maximize the systemic antitumor response of radiation. In this review, we summarize the developed solutions in three diferent categories for systemic radiation therapy: blood dose, radiationinduced lymphopenia, and tumor control. Furthermore, we address how they could be combined to optimize radiotherapy regimens and maximize their synergy with immunotherapy.
Evaluation of the microscopic dose enhancement for nanoparticle-enhanced Auger therapy
Sung, Wonmo,Jung, Seongmoon,Ye, Sung-Joon Institute of Physics in association with the Ameri 2016 Physics in medicine & biology Vol.61 No.21
<P>The aim of this study is to investigate the dosimetric characteristics of nanoparticle-enhanced Auger therapy. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed to assess electron energy spectra and dose enhancement distributions around a nanoparticle. In the simulations, two types of nanoparticle structures were considered: nanoshell and nanosphere, both of which were assumed to be made of one of five elements (Fe, Ag, Gd, Au, and Pt) in various sizes (2–100 nm). Auger-electron emitting radionuclides (I-125, In-111, and Tc-99m) were simulated within a nanoshell or on the surface of a nanosphere. For the most promising combination of Au and I-125, the maximum dose enhancement was up to 1.3 and 3.6 for the nanoshell and the nanosphere, respectively. The dose enhancement regions were restricted within 20–100 nm and 0–30 nm distances from the surface of Au nanoshell and nanosphere, respectively. The dose enhancement distributions varied with sizes of nanoparticles, nano-elements, and radionuclides and thus should be carefully taken into account for biological modeling. If the nanoparticles are accumulated in close proximity to the biological target, this new type of treatment can deliver an enhanced microscopic dose to the target (e.g. DNA). Therefore, we conclude that Auger therapy combined with nanoparticles could have the potential to provide a better therapeutic effect than conventional Auger therapy alone.</P>
다공질암에서의 Electric Heating법에 의한 하이드레이트 해리현상 및 가스유동 분석을 위한 실험연구
성원모,이호섭,양호준 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.1
본 연구에서는 유전의 생산정 하부에서 열을 발생시키는 방법으로 적용되어 온 electric heating 법을 이용하여 다공질 저류암에서의 열전달 현상과 이에 따른 하이드레이트 해리현상을 규명할 수 있는 실험장비를 개발하였으며, 이를 이용하여 열주입 실험을 수행하였다. 열주입 실험을 통하여 열주입법에 따른 코어의 열전달, 하이드레이트 해리현상 및 해리된 가스와 물의 생산성을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 열주입에 의하여 하이드레이트 해리현상이 촉진되고 주입된 열이 하이드레이트 해리뿐만 아니라 해리된 가스와 물의 유출에 의해 손실됨을 알 수 있었다. 열주입법에 따른 가스 생산추이를 분석한 결과, 주입되는 열이 많을수록 유출부족의 해리를 더욱 촉진시켜 초기의 생산성이 향상되는 것으로 측정되었다. 또한 연속열주입법은 초기 생산성은 양호하나 주입된 열량에 비해 생산되는 가스의 양이 작아 에너지 효율성은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 예열법에 의한 해리실험시 예열시간에 따라 초기의 가스 생산량에만 크게 차이가 날 뿐 전체적인 가스 생산의 거동양성은 유사한 것으로 나타났다. In this study, an experimental apparatus has been designed and set-up to analyze the dissociating phenomena of hydrate in porous rock using electric heating method supplied at downhole. The electric heat injecting experiments have been performed to investigate the heat transfer within the core, the dissociating phenomena of hydrate, and the productivities of dissociated gas and water. These experiments were under constant heat injecting method as well as preheating methods. From the experimental results, it is seen that dissociation of hydrate is accelerated with heat. The injected heat is consumed for the dissociation and also it is lost together with outflow of the dissociated gas and water. From the investigation of gas producing behavior for various heat injecting methods, as the injected heat is greater dissociation is accelerated faster at outlet and hence the initial gas production becomes higher. Also, it is shown that the initial gas productivity under the constant heating method is better, however, the heat is low because of smaller amount of the produced gas comparing to the amount of heat injected. In the experiments of preheating method, it was seen that gas production only initial stage is different with the preheating time, but the producing behaviors of gas production are similar.
Development of Real-time Heading Estimation Algorithm using Magnetometer/IMU
Wonmo Koo,Sangkyung Sung,Young Jae Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
This paper presents a real-time heading estimation algorithm using IMU and strapdown magnetometerwithout any other external heading reference system. To calibrate the output deviation of magnetometer, sensor errors caused by hard, soft iron effect and initial heading of strapdown magnetometers are considered. First, for the estimationof heading angle, system and measurement model is derived, which reveals to be nonlinear. Then particle filter and extended Kalman filter is introduced for the performance comparison. The proposed algorithm for the integration ofIMU and magnetometer is verified via numerical simulation in Matlab. Simulation result demonstrates accurate headingestimation error less than 1 degree for both algorithms when there exist small initial heading error and hard iron effect,yet particle filter provides more robust and precise result than the extended Kalman filter in case the initial heading errorand biases are large.
Error Calibration of Magnetometer Using Nonlinear Integrated Filter Model With Inertial Sensors
Wonmo Koo,Sangkyung Sung,Young Jae Lee IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.45 No.6
<P>This paper presents an onboard heading estimation algorithm using IMU and strapdown magnetometer without other external heading references. To calibrate the magnetic deviation, sensor errors caused by hard iron effect and initial heading of strapdown magnetometers are considered. In our approach, sensor output distortion due to the soft iron effect is ignored, which is relatively small. First, for the estimation of heading angle, system and measurement model is presented. Then particle filter and extended Kalman filter is introduced for performance comparison. The proposed algorithm for the integration of IMU and magnetometer is verified via numerical simulation using Matlab. Simulation result demonstrates accurate heading estimation error under 1 degree for both algorithms when there exists a small initial heading error and hard iron effect, yet particle filter provides more robust and accurate result than the extended Kalman filter in case the initial heading error and biases are large.</P>