Electropulsing Treatment on Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Screen-Printed Ag Wire

Ju‑Won Park,Howook Choi,Hwangsun Kim,Simoon Sung,Hye‑Jin Jeong,Il Kim,Jaeseok Gong,Sung‑Tae Hong,Heung Nam Han 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The effect of high electric current density on the sintering of Ag wires manufactured by screen printing is evaluated throughelectrical resistivity analysis and microstructure observation. Different forms (continuous and pulsed) of electric currentwith different current densities are applied to the specimens. Conventional heat treatment is also performed as a controlgroup to examine the athermal effect of electropulsing treatment. Compared to the conventional heat treatment, the resistivityis reduced more under the electropulsing treatment with continuous current for the same temperature and treatment time.Also, the process time of electropulsing treatment can be reduced by applying a pulse form of high density current insteadof continuous current without losing the benefit of enhanced reduction of resistivity. The microstructural observationsobtained from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope and a digital precession instrumentclearly show that necking connecting the crystals is formed more firmly under electric current. In addition, the temperaturechange of Ag wire and substrate is calculated according to the change of the resistivity when the electric current is appliedto confirm the reliability.

부모역할 인식과 양육효능감이 어머니의 행복감에 미치는 영향

조원주(Jo, Won Ju),정수진(Jeong, Su Jin) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.20

본 연구는 어머니의 부모역할 인식, 양육효능감, 행복감에 대한 일반적인 경향을 살펴보고, 부모역할 인식, 양육효능감, 행복감의 관계를 파악하여 부모역할 인식과 양육효능감이 어머니의 행복감에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 경남지역 어머니를 대상으로 2019년 11월 7일부터 12월 13일까지 자료를 수집하였고, 회수된 설문지 273부를 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니의 부모역할 인식과 양육효능감, 행복감은 전반적으로 약간 높은 수준인 것으로 나타났으며, 어머니의 일반적 특성에 따라 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 부모역할 인식, 양육효능감, 행복감은 정적상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 행복감에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 양육효능감의 하위요인 중 유능감이었으며, 다음으로 부모역할 인식의 하위요인 중 부모역할에 대한 투자, 월수입 500만원 이상 순으로 나타났다. 따라서 어머니의 행복감을 증진시키기 위해서는 높은 양육효능감과 올바른 부모역할 인식을 갖는 것이 중요하다. 이를 위해 양육효능감을 높이기 위한 부모교육 프로그램 개발과 부모교육을 실시할 필요가 있으며, 어머니의 행복감 향상을 위해 부모 역할에 대한 투자를 늘릴 수 있는 지원정책이 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in parental role perception, parenting efficacy, and happiness based on the general characteristics of mothers and to identify correlations among the three factors, and to analyze the effect of parental role perception and parenting efficacy on mothers happiness. Data were collected from Nov. 7 to Dec. 13. 2019, using questionnaires for mothers in Gyeongnam area. 273 collected questionnaires were analyzed through SPSS 25.0 program. The results of this study are as follows. First, mothers parental role perception, parenting efficacy, and happiness of mothers were generally high level, and there was a significant difference according to the general characteristics of mothers. Second, there were high positive correlations between parental role perception, parenting efficacy, and mothers happiness. Third, happiness is influenced mostly by competence of sub-factor in parenting efficiency, followed by investment in parental roles of sub-factor in parental role perception, monthly income of over 5 million won. Therefore, in order to improve mother s happiness, it is important to have high parenting efficacy and correct parental role perception. To this end, it is necessary to develop a parent education program and conduct parent education to increase parenting effectiveness, in order to improve mother s happiness, it is necessary to have an economic support policy to expand investment in parental roles.

2단계 醱酵에 의한 人蔘食醋와 市販食醋의 品質比較

鄭宰顯,趙載敏,崔元碩,曺柱鉉 충주대 2003 産業科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구는 인삼의 약리성분과 식초의 기능성을 갖는 인삼식초를 제조하기 위하여 시판 식초와 2단계 발효를 거친 인삼식초와의 품질 을 비교 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 가. 인삼식초의 산도는 시판식초보다 약간 낮았으며, pH는 3.7정도로 시판식초보다 약간 높았다. 나. 인삼식초 중에는 fructose, maltose, sucrose, glucose등의 유리당이 존재하였으며 시판중인 식초에는 fructose의 양이 많이 함유되어 있었으며 기타 maltose, sucrose 등도 일부 존재하였다. 다. 인삼식초에는 acetic acid, tartaric acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid 등의 유기산이 함유되어 있었고 일반 시판식초에는 oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid등을 함유하고 있었다. We producted the ginseng vinegar through two stages fermentation(alcohol fermentation and acetic acid fermentation). At the first stage, ginseng wine contained 17% alcohol was producted at the 11th day. And through the second stage, acetic acid fermentation ginseng vinegar of which total acidity is 5.8% were produced. In comparison with commercial vinegars for physicochemical quality, acidity of ginseng vinegar was lower than those of commercial vinegars and ph was higher than those of commercial vinegars. The major free sugar compositions in ginseng vinegar were fructose, maltose, sucrose and glucose and in commercial vinegar were fructose, sucrose and maltose. The major organic acid compositions were acetic acid, tartaric acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, malic acid and succinic acid and in commercial vinegar were oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid and acetic acid.

슈프락스 캅셀 (세픽심 100 mg)에 대한 세피린 캅셀의 생물학적 동등성

정은주,강원구,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Bioequivalence of two cefixime capsules, test drug (Cepirin^R capsule: Cheiljedang Corp.) and reference drug (Suprax^R capsule: Dong A Pharm. Com.), was evaluated according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Sixteen healthy volunteers were divided randomly into two groups and administered the drug orally at the dose of 400mg as cefixime in a 2×2 crossover study. There was a 1-week washout period between the administrations. Blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals for 12 hour and the plasma concentration of cefixime was determined with a HPLC method. AUC_0-12hr (area under the plasma concentration-time curve form time zero to 12 hour), C_max(maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_max (time to reach C_max) were estimated from the plasma drug concentration-time data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no difference in AUC1-12hr, C_max and T_max between the formulations. The apparent differences of these parameters between the formulations were less than 20% (i.e., 8.62, 11.10 and 0.00% for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). The powers (1-β) for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max. Were over 0.9. Minimal detectable difference (Δ) at α=0.05, 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (i.e., 12.84, 11.05 and 17.99% for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals(delta) for these parameters were also within ±20% (i.e., -0.53≤δ≤17.76. 3.23≤δ 18.97 and -12.81≤δ≤12.81 for ACU_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). These results satisfied the criteria of KFDA guideline for bioequivalence, indicating the two formulations of cefixime were bioequivlent.

Telomere의 기능 손실에 의한 Telomerase 결핍 세포의 성장 억제에 대한 연구

주연진,박정은,전경미,김창민,김상훈,박원봉,이기호 대한암예방학회 2002 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.7 No.3

백서 대뇌피질절편에서 산소 및 포도당 결핍에 의한 [³H]Acetylcholine의 유리에 관한 연구

이정주,김기원,서만욱,김영현,김기원 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

인삼을 천연배지로 하는 고등균류 배양에 관한 연구

鄭宰顯,崔元碩,曺柱鉉 충주대 2004 産業科學論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This research to develop a functional food by using higher fungi from white ginseng, investigated the higher fungi using with ginseng media, the optimal culture conditions of the solid culture and the consistent of solid-product cultured. The results obtained were as follow; 1. Hericium erinaceum, Phellinus linteus and Ganoderma lucidum were observable the growth which is most excellent among 14 strains of the higher fungi using substrate with ginseng residue extract, therefore, it were used for the breed strain. 2. The optimal culture conditions of the solid culture for mycelial growth of Hericium erinaceum, Phellinus linteus and Ganoderma lucidum were added 10%(w/w) of nutrient material as brown rice etc. supplement for maximum mycelial growth. 3. The Ginseng-H. erinaceum (Ginseng-P. linteus, Ginseng-G. lucidum) solid-product cultured under these conditions consisted that were moisture of 3.5%(3.5, 3.6), crude proteins of 7.65%(9.22, 13.57), crude lipid of 8.79%(4.66, 12.02), ash of 9.86%(8.27, 13.38) and carbohydrate of 70.246%(74.33, 57.43).

항결핵 6개월 단기요법의 성과 고찰

서지원,정연채,김남재,홍석철,김주옥,김선영,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

To evaluate the effect of 6-month short term antituberculosis chemotherapy with INH, Rifampin, Ethambutol, and Pyrazinamide(2HREZ/4HRE) in the patients with pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary tuberculosis, the authors prescribed 2HREZ/4HRE regimen in 79 tuberculosis patients for 6 months with measuring the sputum staining for AFB, chest X-ray findings, recurrence rates and possible side reactions of the treatment. The result were as follow; 1. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 1) Among the 56 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who had taken 2HREZ/4HRE regimen. 32 patients showed initial positivity in sputum AFB smear stain(57.2%). Negative conversion occurred usually within 2 months after initiation of chemotherapy and the mean period of negative conversion was 1.4 months. 2) Among the 56 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, chest X-ray finding changed in 41 patients (37.21%). From these 41 patients 39 patients showed continuous improvements in chest X-ray finding, though 3 patients showed initial aggravation in spite of continuous medication. The remainder 2 cases aggravated due to the failure of treatment. 3) Treatment failure occurred in 2 patients (3.57%) during the chemotherapy among 56 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis and they were infected with secondary drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. 2. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Among 8 patients with tuberculous pleurisy and 15 patients with superficial tuberculous lymphadenitis, there were no evidence of treatment failure after completion of antituberculosis chemotherapy for 6 months with 2HREZ/4HRE regimen. 3. Follow-up study was performed from 6 months to 50 months after completion of antituberculosis chemotherapy and the relapse was not noted in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients group during this period. 4. Serum AST/ALT elevated in 9 patients(11.4%) during the treatment and this occurred usually within 3 months after the initiation of antituberculosis chemotherapy. However treatment interruption occurred in 2 patients (2.5%) due to the development of hepatitisone due to drug-induced hapatitis and the other due to type B viral hepatitis. In conclusion, we could find this 2HREZ/4HRE 6-months short-term antituberculosis regimen is effective and could be recommanded as a promising regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis.

Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique으로 근관충전시 치근면 온도상승 분석

김영주,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate safety to the supporting tissues of the root while the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique. A extracted maxillary central incisor was prepared for repeated canal obturation. After conventional access opening, working length was then established to the point 1㎜ from anatomical root apex. The root canal was prepared with GT rotary Ni-Ti file (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Five thermocouples (Onega Engineering Inc., USA) were placed at 2㎜ increments on one side beginning 1㎜ from the anatomical root apex and the other five thermocouples at 2㎜ increments on the other side beginning 2㎜ from it. For obturation, a nonstandardized medium size gutta-percha cone and a ML Buchanan plugger (Analytic technologies, USA) were selected. After drying of root canal, AH 26 root canal sealer (Dentsply Detrey, Germany) was applied on the wall of the root canal. Baseline temperature was measured on the root surface. The ML size plugger was preheated for 2seconds and then the real temperature of it was recorded before insertion into the root canal. The root canal was obturated with continuous wave of condensation technique as described by Buchanan. The root surface temperature was recorded during obturation and it was performed ten times at each of the following temperature settings: 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃. After completion of the temperature recording, the dentinal-cementum thickness at each sites where thermocouples were attached was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test and linear regression test. The results were as follows. 1. When the temperature was set at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ on the digital display of System B HeatSource, the real temperature of the plugger at the 1㎜ point from the tip revealed 130.82±2.96℃, 158.00±5.26℃, 215.92±6.91℃ and 249.88±3.65℃ respectively. 2. The position of 8 ㎜ from the anatomical apex showed the highest temperature increase at each temperature settings and it was significantly higher than those of other positions (p<0.01). The temperature rise was constantly increased toward coronal portion from apex of the root. 3. The maximum temperature increase on the root surface was 2.37±0.09℃ at 150℃ setting, 3.11±0.12℃ at 200℃ setting, 3.93± 0.09℃ at 250℃ setting and 5.69± 0.15℃ at 300℃ setting. These results suggest that it be relatively kind to the supporting tissues of the root that the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings on digital display of System B HeatSource.

알코올리즘 환자에서 뇌교외수초용해증과 연관된 주기교대눈떨림과 주기교대주시편위

강성원,이명제,정주리,김영진,양현덕 원광대학교 의과학연구소 2009 圓光醫科學 Vol.24 No.1

주기교대눈떨림와 주기교대주시편위는 이상안구 운동에서도 흔히 관찰되지 않는다. 이런 안구운동은 뇌교와 소뇌에 병변이 있을 때 나타난다고 보고되고 있다. 50세 남자 환자가 과음을 하고 난 이후 심하게 구토를 하여 입원하였다. 다음날 아침에 의식이 없었으며 주기교대눈떨림과 주기교대주시편위가 관찰되었다. 뇌자기공명영상에서는 뇌교나 소뇌에 병변없는 교뇌외수초용해증에 합당한 소견을 보였다. 저자는 아마도 교뇌외수초용해증이 소뇌와 전정신경핵의 경로중에 GABA 시스템에 이상이 발생하여 주기교대눈떨림과 주기교대 주시편위가 나타났을 것으로 추정한다. Background; Periodic alternating gaze deviation(PAGD) and periodic alternating nystagmus(PAN) are rare forms of abnormal eye movement. Multiple lesions in the cerebellum and brainstem have been reported with PAN and PAGD. Case Report; A 50-year-old man presented with severe vomiting after binge drinking. The next morning he. became vegetative state and showed PAGD and PAN. Brain MRI showed findings compatible with extrapontine myelinolysis(EPM) without any brainstem or cerebellar lesions. Conclusions; We postulate that the disturbed GABAnernic system in the pathway from the cerebellum to vestibular nuclei caused probably by EPM developed PAGD and PAN.