Methanolic Extract of Asterina pectinifera inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediators in Murine Macrophage

Wol-Soon Jo,Yoo Jin Choi,Hyoun Ji Kim,Byung Hyouk Nam,Gye An Lee,Su Yeong Seo,Sang Wha Lee,Min Ho Jeong 한국독성학회 2010 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.1

This study aimed to elucidate anti-inflammatory activities from extracts of Asterina pectinifera on nitric oxide (NO) production, TNF-α and IL-6 release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage cell, RAW264.7. We prepared the methanolic extracts (60-MAP, 70-MAP, 80-MAP and 90-MAP), aqueous extract (W-AP) and functional bioactive compound fraction (He-AP and EA-AP) from Asterina pectinifera according to extract method. The 60-MAP, 70-MAP, 80-MAP, 90-MAP and W-AP were significantly suppressed LPS-induced production NO, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Especially, 80-MAP by extracted 80% methanol had the strongest activity in reduction of inflammatory mediators among these extracts. Indeed, to identify active fraction, which contained potential bioactive compounds, from 80-MAP of Asterina pectinifera, we tested anti-inflammatory activity of the He-AP or the EA-AP. The He-AP was next extracted from 80-MAP and the EA-AP were extracted from the other methanol layer except the He-AP. The EA-AP demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory effect through its ability to reduce NO production and it also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α at low concentration. These results suggested that the methanolic extract from Asterina pectinifera had the potential inhibitory effects on the production of these inflammatory mediators.

In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of pegmatite

Jo, Wol-Soon,Yang, Kwang-Mo,Choi, Yoo-Jin,Jeong, Chang-Hwa,Ahn, Kyoung-Jin,Nam, Byung-Hyouk,Lee, Sang-Wha,Seo, Su-Yeong,Jeong, Min-Ho The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2010 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.6 No.2

Pegmatite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock rich in rare elements such as uranium, tungsten, and tantalum with Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Se, Ge, and Ho. We tested in vitro and in vivo assays for the anti-inflammatory activity of pegmatites. We firstly evaluated the suppressive effects of pegmatite on macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with proinflammatory stimuli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to determine nitric oxide (NO) production and TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 release. The $IC_{50}$ values of pegmatite exceeded $5,000\;{\mu}g/mL$. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with pegmatite significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated NO production and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 secretion in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). In vivo studies were tested with two animal models of arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema and an acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability. The pegmatite significantly attenuated ear edema induced by arachidonic acid and reduced the acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability in mice (P<0.05) when the pegmatite was administered topically (10 mg per ear) for 24 h. Therefore, pegmatite potentially shows an anti-inflammatory activity in the in vitro and in vivo mice and in the development of newer anti-inflammatory agents as mineral materials.

Dose–response calibration curves of 137Cs gamma rays for dicentric chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes

Wol Soon Jo,Min Ho Jeong,Su Jung Oh,Soo kyun Jeong,Kwang Mo Yang 대한방사선방어학회 2012 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2012 No.11

Effect of Microalgal Extracts of Tetraselmis suecica against UVB-Induced Photoaging in Human Skin Fibroblasts

Jo, Wol Soon,Yang, Kwang Mo,Park, Hee Sung,Kim, Gi Yong,Nam, Byung Hyouk,Jeong, Min Ho,Choi, Yoo Jin Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.4

Exposure of cells to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can induce production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage cellular components. In addition, these agents can stimulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and decrease collagen synthesis in human skin cells. In this study, we examined the anti-photoaging effects of extracts of Tetraselmis suecica (W-TS). W-TS showed the strongest scavenging activity against 2,2-difenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxyl radicals, followed by superoxide anions from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. We observed that the levels of both intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation significantly increased in UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblast cells. Furthermore, the activities of enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., superoxide dismutase) and the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., glutathione) significantly decreased in cells. However, W-TS pretreatment, at the maximum tested concentration, significantly decreased intracellular ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels in the cells. At this same concentration, W-TS did not show cytotoxicity. Type 1 procollagen and MMP-1 released were quantified using RT-PCR techniques. The results showed that W-TS protected type 1 procollagen against UVB-induced depletion in fibroblast cells in a dose-dependent manner via inhibition of UVB-induced MMP-1. Taken together, the results of the study suggest that W-TS effectively inhibits UVB-induced photoaging in skin fibroblasts by its strong anti-oxidant ability.

Effect of Microalgal Extracts of Tetraselmis suecica against UVB-Induced Photoaging in Human Skin Fibroblasts

Wol Soon Jo,Kwang Mo Yang,Hee Sung Park,Gi Yong Kim,Byung Hyouk Nam,Min Ho Jeong,Yoo Jin Choi 한국독성학회 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.4

Exposure of cells to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can induce production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage cellular components. In addition, these agents can stimulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and decrease collagen synthesis in human skin cells. In this study, we examined the anti-photoaging effects of extracts of Tetraselmis suecica (W-TS). W-TS showed the strongest scavenging activity against 2,2-difenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxyl radicals, followed by superoxide anions from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. We observed that the levels of both intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation significantly increased in UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblast cells. Furthermore, the activities of enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., superoxide dismutase) and the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., glutathione) significantly decreased in cells. However, W-TS pretreatment, at the maximum tested concentration, significantly decreased intracellular ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels in the cells. At this same concentration, W-TS did not show cytotoxicity. Type 1 procollagen and MMP-1 released were quantified using RT-PCR techniques. The results showed that W-TS protected type 1 procollagen against UVBinduced depletion in fibroblast cells in a dose-dependent manner via inhibition of UVB-induced MMP-1. Taken together, the results of the study suggest that W-TS effectively inhibits UVB-induced photoaging in skin fibroblasts by its strong anti-oxidant ability.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Microalgal Extracts from Tetraselmis suecica

Wol Soon Jo,Yoo Jin Choi,Hyoun Ji Kim,Byung Hyouk Nam,홍숙희,Gye An Lee,이상화,서수영,정민호 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.6

The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-inflammatory activities of extracts from Tetraselmis suecica with respect to nitric oxide (NO) production, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interlukin (IL)-6 release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We prepared methanolic extracts and water extract using protease. Of all the prepared extracts, 80% methanol extract exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, we further characterized the hexane fraction (He-TS)and ethyl acetate fraction (EA-TS) that contained potential bioactive compounds from the 80M-TS fraction of T. suecica. Both He-TS and EA-TS fractions resulted in a significant and dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced NO production, TNF-α, and IL-6 release (p<0.05). This strong inhibition of various inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 by EA-TS fraction from T. suecica suggests that this fraction might contain a potential bioactive compound that would be a good candidate for the development therapeutic anti inflammatory agent.

Methanolic Extract of Asterina pectinifera inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediators in Murine Macrophage

Jo, Wol-Soon,Choi, Yoo-Jin,Kim, Hyoun-Ji,Nam, Byung-Hyouk,Lee, Gye-An,Seo, Su-Yeong,Lee, Sang-Wha,Jeong, Min-Ho Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2010 Toxicological Research Vol.27 No.1

This study aimed to elucidate anti-inflammatory activities from extracts of Asterina pectinifera on nitric oxide (NO) production, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage cell, RAW264.7. We prepared the methanolic extracts (60-MAP, 70-MAP, 80-MAP and 90-MAP), aqueous extract (W-AP) and functional bioactive compound fraction (He-AP and EA-AP) from Asterina pectinifera according to extract method. The 60-MAP, 70-MAP, 80-MAP, 90-MAP and W-AP were significantly suppressed LPS-induced production NO, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Especially, 80-MAP by extracted 80% methanol had the strongest activity in reduction of inflammatory mediators among these extracts. Indeed, to identify active fraction, which contained potential bioactive compounds, from 80-MAP of Asterina pectinifera, we tested anti-inflammatory activity of the He-AP or the EA-AP. The He-AP was next extracted from 80-MAP and the EA-AP were extracted from the other methanol layer except the He-AP. The EA-AP demonstrated a strong anti-inflammatory effect through its ability to reduce NO production and it also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ at low concentration. These results suggested that the methanolic extract from Asterina pectinifera had the potential inhibitory effects on the production of these inflammatory mediators.

Research Articles : The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Water Extract from Cordyceps militaris in Murine Macrophage

( Wol Soon Jo ),( Yoo Jin Choi ),( Hyoun Ji Kim ),( Jae Yun Lee ),( Byung Hyouk Nam ),( Jae Dong Lee ),( Sang Wha Lee ),( Su Yeong Seo ),( Min Ho Jeong ) 한국균학회 2010 Mycobiology Vol.38 No.1

굼벵이 유래 밀리타리스 동충하초 열수추출물의 간기능개선 효과 및 단회독성 평가

조월순(Wol-Soon Jo),남병혁(Byung-Hyouk Nam),오수정(Su-Jung Oh),최유진(Yoo-Jin Choi),강은영(Eun-Young Kang),홍숙희(Sook-Hee Hong),이상호(Sang-Ho Lee),정민호(Min-Ho Jeong) 한국식품과학회 2008 한국식품과학회지 Vol.40 No.1

굼벵이 유래 밀리타리스 동충하초 열수추출물(CMPD extract)의 안전성 자료를 확보하기 위하여 단회경구투여 독성시험을 실시하였으며, CCl₄의 경구투여로 유도된 간손상 실험동물모델로부터 시험물질(CMPD extract)의 간보호효과를 확인하였다. 단회경구투여 독성시험결과, 시험물질(CMPD extract)의 최고농도(2,000 mg/kg body weight)에서 독성을 나타내지 않아 LD<SUB>50</SUB> 값을 그 이상으로 결정하였다. 또한 독성물질(CCl₄)로부터 간손상이 유발된 SD rat에 시험물질(CMPD extract)을 투여한 후 혈청으로부터 간손상과 관련한 지표물질인 GOT, GPT, TG, TC, LDL 및 HDL 활성도를 측정하였으며, 이와 함께 병리조직학적 소견을 확인하였다. 혈청 GOT는 손상군(G2)에 비해 G4, G5 시험물질투여군에서 유의한 감소를 나타내었으며, GPT의 경우 고용량 시험물질 투여군(G4)에서 유의한 감소를 나타내었다(p < 0.05). 또한 LDL 및 HDL 활성도는 손상군(G2)에 비해 유의하지는 않지만 시험 물질투여군(G4, G5, G6)에서 어느 정도 회복기미를 보였다. 병리조직학적 소견에서도 손상군(G2)의 경우 심각한 세포독성을 보였으나, 시험물질 고용량 투여군(G4)에서는 손상된 세포가 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은 굼벵이 유래 밀리타리스 동충하초 열수추출물(CMPD extract)이 CCl₄ 투여에 의해 유발된 급성간 손상에 대하여 간조직의 보호와 간세포의 기능유지에 유효한 물질임을 제시 하고 있다. This study was designed to evaluate the single dose toxicity and the protective effect of water extract of Cordyceps militaris grown upon Protaetia dreujtarsis (CMPD extract) on liver damage on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The CMPD extract was once administered orally to both sexes of rats at dose of 2,000, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg body weight, the recommended maximum limit dose for acute toxicity. Neither significant toxic signs nor death was observed during the observation period. These results indicate that LD<SUB>50</SUB> (lethal dose of 50%) of CMPD extract is greater than 2,000 mg/kg body weight in SD rats. To investigate also the effect of hepatoprotection of CMPD extract, SD rats were orally treated with CMPD extract (50, 25 and 12.5 mg/kg body weight) or silymarin (25 mg/kg body weight) before and after administration of CCl₄ (2 mL/kg body weight, 20% CCl₄ in olive oil). Treatment with CMPD extract or silymarin could decrease the GPT (glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) and GOT (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase) levels in serum when compared with CCl₄-treated group. Therefore, the results of this study show that CMPD extract can be proposed to protect the liver against CCl₄-induced hepatic damage in rats.

굼벵이 유래 밀리타리스 동충하초 열수 추출물의 유전독성평가

조월순(Wol Soon Jo),남병혁(Byung Hyouk Nam),최유진(Yoo Jin Choi),오수정(Su Jung Oh),강은영(Eun-Young Kang),이상호(Sang Ho Lee),정민호(Min Ho Jeong) 한국독성학회 2007 Toxicological Research Vol.23 No.3

Water extract of Cordyceps militaris grown upon Protuetja dreujtarsis (CMPD) was examined for the genetic toxicity-bacterial mutagenicity, chromosome aberration, and micronucleus formation. For mutagenicity assay, bacterial reversion test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA 1537, and E. coli WP2uvrA were performed. The extract at the concentrations of 50~5,000 ㎍/plate did not induce mutagenicity at all. Chromosome aberration test was performed by using Chinese lung (CHL) cells. There was no significant chromosome aberration in CHL cells with S-9 mixture at the concentrations of 312.5~1,250 ㎍/㎖ of the extract and without S-9 mixture at the concentrations of 1.2~19.5 ㎍/㎖ of the extract. For micronucleus test, ICR mice were treated with the extract at the dose of 0.5, 1, and 2 g/㎏. The frequencies of the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) in bone marrow preparations of the extract-treated group were not increased compared to the untreated control group. Taken together, our results show that water extract of CMPD did not induce any harmful genotoxicity.