서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

전극 형태에 따른 후막형 용존센서의 전류 특성

이경준,정경진,이성필 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2003 신소재연구 Vol.15 No.2

형태를 달리한 후막형 용존 산소 센서를 제조하고, 물의 온도를 변화했을 때 용존산소가 포화치에 도달하는 전류를 측정하였다. 동작전극은 Pt 페이스트를 사용하였고, 기준전극은 Ag/AgCI 페이스트를 사용하였다. 제작된 소자에 0.6~0.8V의 전압을 인가하여 용존 산소 증가에 대한 전류를 측정한 결과 기존의 상용 용존 산소 센서와 유사한 특성을 얻었으며, 제작된 저가형 용존 산소 센서는 기존이 용존 산소 센서를 대치할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The thick film dissolved oxygen sensors which have two different type were fabricated and the current characteristics were investigated in different operating temperatures. Pt paste was used for working electrode and Ag/AgCl paste for reference electrode. The fabricated sensor showed a fast current response according to dissolved oxygen concentrations in the applied voltage of 0.6-0.8V, which was similar with commercial DO sensors. This sensors are expected to apply a chip and/or disposal dissolved oxygen sensors.

한국인에게 적절한 기관삽관 위치

이승한,최옥경,정구영,정성필 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Endotracheal intubation is one of the important procedures in ED and various fields. Endobronchial intubation can lead to hypoxemia secondary to tension pneumothorax of intubated side and atelectasis of contralateral side. The placement of tube beyond the vocal cords may results in inadvertent extubation, larygeal spasm and aspiration pneumonia. The conformation methods of endotracheal intubation are auscultation of the chest, observation of a vapor trail, oximetry and capnography, and radiologic evaluation. Owen and associates recommended that oral intubation tubes at the upper incisor teeth at the 23cm in men and the 21cm in women of average adult size would have led to proper placement. We studied that whether the proper depth of endotracheal tube in American is appropriate to Korean. We studied adult patients admitted to ED (of both hospitals during March in 1995. Endotracheal tubes in men were positioned at the 23cm and women had positioned at the 21cm at the upper incisor teeth. The distance of the tip of the endotracheal tube to the tracheal carina on the postintubation chest X-ray then determined. Correct placement of intubation was defined with the tip of the tube≥3cm above the carina and below the level of the larynx. Fifty adult patients were enrolled in the study ; 29 men (58%) and 31 women (42%). Mean height and weight were 170±5.2cm, 68±9kg in men and 158±6.5cm, 56±10kg in women. Reasons for intubation were ; respiratory failure(38%), trauma(16%), increased intracramial pressare(16%), drug intoxication(12%), shock(8%), cardiac arrest(7%)and others(3%). The mean distance from the tip to carina on chest X-ray was 4.13±1.5cm in men and 3.45±2.1cm in women. Proper position was 27/29(93%) in men, 14/21(67%) in women or 41/50(82%). this means the placement of endotracheal tube of our patients was positioned deeper than prion study group(97.6%).(p<.05) We recommend that the 22cm tube mark for men and 20cm tube mard for women at upper incisor teeth would have led to proper placement in Korean adult patient.

Alcohol 적용에 따른 백서 좌골 신경의 조직 병리학적 변화

이원필,이상한 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1990 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this experimental study was to examine and compare the histopathological changes when 95% alcohol and normal saline applied to the sciatic nerves of rats perineurally in vivo. For this study, 10 Sprague-Dawley male albino rats were used as the experimental animals and divided equally into 2 groups. The topical application of 95% alcohol on the right sciatic nerve of rats for 1st and 4th weeks were used in experimental groups Ⅰ & Ⅱ. Physiological saline one the opposite side was the control in groups Ⅰ & Ⅱ. The animals were sacrified on the 1st and 4th weeks after experiments and all specimens were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and 1% osmic acid solution later, embedded in paraffin wax and cross-sectioned with 4-6㎛. After these procedures, specimens were observed under the light microscope. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Control sciatic nerves of rats showed no marked pathological changes with the application Gelfoam saturated with physiologic saline, but the degenerative changes in the partial nerve fibers adjacent under perineurium were observed. 2. In the 1st weeks experimental group Ⅰ, the myelin sheath changes characterized by disintegration, fragmentation, swelling and collapse. The histopathological changes of axons characterized by either swelling, shrinkage or irregular extension, and observed partially axonolysis. 3. In the 4th weeks experiment group Ⅱ, the inflammatory changes were largely subsided and the swelling of the myelin was resolved. The myelin sheath of th partially surviving fibers in the outmost layer was formed, but comparatively thin. The nerve fibers were comparatively sparse, indicating destruction and disappearance of the intervening fibers, and the arrangements were similar to normal structure. Generally the recovery of peripheral nerve tissue was observed. 4. The marked destructive histopathological changes of nerve fibers were restricted to adjacent area immediately under the perineurium. The perineurium itself was intact and showed no inflammatory or destructive changes. And the histopathological destruction in peripheral nervous tissue of rats appeared nonselective. J. Kyungpook Univ. Sch. Dent. Vol. 7, No. 1, 49∼59, 1990

철결핍성 빈혈과 동반된 심부뇌정맥 혈전증

정필욱,홍석찬,이광호,정진상 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.5

이행성 협심증 환자에서 운동부하 심전도 검사

이정우,박형서,박용규,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

목적 : 관상동맥의 경련에 의한 이형성 협심증환자에 있어서 운동부하 심전도 검사의 결과는 매우 다양하다. 이에 저자들은 충남대학교병원 순환기내과에서 관상동맥조영술상 이형성 협심증으로 확진된 환자를 대상으로 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하여 이에 대한 결과를 연구하였다. 방법 : 1995년 1월부터 2002년 3월까지 흉통을 주소로 충남대학교병원 순환기 내과에 입원하여 관상동맥조영술을 시행하여 관상동맥의 내경이 50% 미만의 협착이 있고, 에르고노빈(ergonovine) 유발검사도 이형성 협심증으로 진단을 받은 233명중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 183명의 환자를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과의 판독시 발생할 수 있는 오류를 줄이기 위해서 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하기전 심전도상 ST분절의 상승(5예)이나 하강(8예)이 있는 경우 EH한 T파의 역위(19예)가 있는 32명의 환자를 제외한 총 151명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하는 Marquette사의 case 15 답차를 이용하였고, Bruce protocol에 따라 증상이 나타날 때까지 최대로 실시하였으며 각 stage 및 운동후의 혈압을 측정하고 12 유도 심전도를 기록하였다. 결과 : 1) 임상적 특성 - 내원시 임상 상은 안정형 협심증이 39예(25.8%), 불안정형 협심증이 103예(68.2%), 심근경색증이 9예(6.0%)이었다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과 양성 군과 음성군간에 있어서 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연 여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도, 연축의 수 등을 조사하였는 바 어떠한 인자들도 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2) 운동부하 심전도 검사 - 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 151명의 환자중 음성인 경우는 134예(88.8%)이었고, 양성인 경우는 17예(11.2%)이었다. 양성 소견을 보인 환자들중 ST 분절의 상승이 4예(2.6%), ST 분절의 하강이 13예(8.6%)이었다. 3) 관상동맥조영술 - 관상동맥조영술상에서 혈관 경력 위치는 우관상동맥이 70예(46.1%), 좌전하동맥이 44예(28.9%), 좌회선동맥이 17예(11.2%)의 순으로 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 예중 Ⅱ, Ⅲ, aVF에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상 동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, V2-V4에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 2예중 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌전하행동맥에서 경련이 나타난 예는 1예이었으며 다른 1예는 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났고, V5-V6에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 V5 또는 V6에서 ST 분절의 하강이 있엇던 13예중 6예(46.1%)는 관상동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, 3예(23.1%)는 좌전하행동맥에서, 1예(7.7%)는 좌회선동맥에서, 나머지 3예(23.1%)는 2개의 혈관이나 기타 분지에서 경련이 발생하였다. 결론 : 1) 이형성 협심증 환자는 운동부하 심전도 검사에서 11.2%의 양성소견을 보였다. 이중 ST 분절의 상승은 2.6%이었고, ST 분절의 하강은 8.6%이었다. 2) 이형성 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 음성을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 3) 이형성 협심증 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 ST 분절의 상승을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 4) 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과에 대한 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도 등 어떠한 인자들도 3그룹(ST 분절의 상승, ST 분절의 하강, 음성)간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 5) ST 분절의 상승 부위와 관상동맥조영술상 관상동맥의 연축이 일어나는 혈관과의 상관관계는 매우 높았다. No reports in the literature describe the results of exercise testings in a large number of patients with pure variant angina(coronary stenosis <50%) in Korea. In this report, We present the results of treadmil exercise testing in 151 patients with variant angina. 151 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery spasm underwent a treadmil exercise test. The clinical characteristics of variant angina patients classified according to ST-segment response to exercise were analyzed. Of 151 patients underwent a treadmil exercise test, negative result was seen in 134 patients(88.8%) and positive result was in 17 patients(11.2%). Of 17 patients saw positive result, exercise-induced ST segment elevation was present in 4 patients(2.6%) and ST segment depression was seen in 13 patients(8.6%). There was not a significant relationship between the ST segment response to exercise and the clinical variables(diabetes, hypertension, obesity, total cholesterol, current smoking, effort angina, clinical diagnosis, and degree of stenosis) assessed. Of 4 patients with ST segment elevation in treadmil exercise test, 1 patient with ST segment elevation in Ⅰ,Ⅲ,aVF had spasm in right coronary artery(100%) on coronary angiography, of 2 patients in V2-V4 had spasm in left anterior descending coronary artery in 1 patient(50%) and 1 patient in V5-V6 had spasm in left circumflex artery(100%). Positive treadmil exercise test was present in 11.2% of variant angina patient. If we have negative treadmil exercise result in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we may have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. If we have exercise-induced ST segment elevation in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. Our result suggests that the correlation between the site of the ST segment elevation and the artery involved is quite good.

초고층 건축 구조 시스템에 관한 연구

이원덕,문상필,정재철 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

Due to increase of population and development of city, people who live in the small country like Korea have great interest in high-rise building. Even though various kind of structure system have been developed and creating. The structure system of the anyone is not applied to all structure system, that's the reason why we have to considerate about the efficiency of economy, structure, energy. Repair high-rise building, horizontal load like wind make more big problem. In order word, resisting against horizontal load almost define the type of structure system. The way setting the high quality structure design is choosing the most economical structure system, In the line with satisfacting the efficiency of construction, technical and standard design format. What I've done from this project contents two point. First thing is comfaring vertical load and horizontal load when I apply shear wall system and tubular system the rectangle floor of 60's and 80's story building. Second thong is comfaring the amount of steel-frame when I setting the size of composite structure. Therefore, We try to present therefore efficient structure system according to an each number of layers.

Furfural 어류급독성 및 조직병리에 관한 연구

이철우,최성수,최필선,이상협,이길철,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1997 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Furfural, an organic solvent, is widely used as synthetic component material in producing chemical products. However, furfural has been reported that it shows strong toxicities to human being showing intense stimulus to skin, eyes, mucous membrane and nerve system. It is also known to cause anemia, liver cirrhosis, kidney failure and genetic toxicity in the human being working in the exposed area. LD50 of furfural for peritoneal injected mouse has been known around 20mg/kg, but the acute toxicity on aquatic organisms such as fish, daphnid or algae are not well known, compared to those on rodents. In this experiment, we studied on the fish toxicity of furfural using Japanese Meclaka (Oryzias latipes) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio). We also observed histological changes in the fish organs. The LC50s were 12.8 mg/L in Japanese Medaka and 21.8 mg/L in Common Carp, respectively. When Common Carps were exposed to 120 mg/L of furfural concentration for 30 minutes, blood congestion in gills and lysis of secondary lamella were shown. Though the muscle of caudal fin was not completely eroded, its epidermic cells were shown to be necrotic in various parts. Tissue atrophy and cell necrosis were also shown in the liver of Common Carps exposed to furfural. From these results, furfural seems to cause histological damages on liver, an internal organ as well as on external organs such as gills and fins eventhough the fish were exposed for a short-term.

사례 기반 추론을 이용한 규칙 기반 추론의 성능 향상

李相龍,李載泌 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 自然科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-

본 연구에서는 사례 기반 추론을 이용하여 규칙 기반 추론의 성능을 향상시키는 CCAR모델을 제안한다. 본 모델의 특징은 규칙의 예외를 사례로 저장하고, 이것을 문제 해결을 위하여 이용하는데 있다. 문제 해결 과정은 대상 문제에 먼저 규칙기반 추론을 적용하여 근접한 답을 얻어낸 후, 규칙과 연관된 사례 라이브러리를 탐색하여 규칙의 결론을 위반하는 사례를 찾는다. 대상 문제와 사례의 유사성이 높으면 사례 기반 추론의 결론을 따르고, 그렇지 않으면 규칙 기반추론의 결론을 따른다. In this paper, we propose the CCAR(Combining Case-based And Rule-based reasoning) model for improving the performance of Rule-Based Reasoning using Case-Based Reasoning. The central idea of the model is to store an execption to the rule as a case, and utilize the case for problem solving. The process for problem solving is to apply the rules to a target problem to produce a default solution, and then search a case-memory to retrive a case which violates a conclusion of a rule. If the simility between a target problem and the selected case is high, the conclusion of a case is applied. Otherwise, the conclusion of RBR is applied.

Duplication 9p Syndrome 1례

이미경,노영래,김영훈,백청순,신미경,이진,장필상,김진택,이권행,황경태 대한소아과학회 2002 小兒科 Vol.45 No.9