백서 심근경색모델에서 시간경과와 경색의 크기에 따른 심자도의 변화

김미성(Mi Sung Kim),박영선(Young Sun Park),권순길(Sun Gil Kwon),지정훈(Jeong Hoon Ji),신종성(Jong Sung Shin),오광식(Kwang Sik Oh),양용모(Yong Mo Yang),연태진(Tae Jin Youn),김동운(Dong Woon Kim),조명찬(Myeong Chan Cho),이용호(Yong Ho 대한내과학회 2002 대한내과학회지 Vol.62 No.1

N/A Background: Magnetocardiogram (MCG), which records the changes of magnetic fields generated by the heart`s electrical activity, theoritically can provide unique data for clinical application. To date, MCG has been investigated only at a single time point after myocardial infarction (MI) with severe left ventricular dysfunction in rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate sequential changes of MCG after MI and to evaluate effects of infarct size on MCG. Methods: Acute MI were induced by the permanent ligation of left coronary artery in 22 rats. Magnetic fields were recorded just above a rat with Nb Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) gradiometer inside a magnetically shielded room. MCG was measured before and immediately after surgery and it was subsequently recorded at the time points of 1, 4 and 6 hours post operatively. MCG was also measured at 1, 3, 7 and 21 days after surgery. Results: Elevation of ST segment and appearance of pathological Q wave on the MCG were evident immediately after the ligation of coronary artery and persisted to 6 hours after MI. On MCG, ST segment was depressed and T wave was inverted from 1 day after MI. In rats with small-and moderate- sized MI (infarct size〈30%), ST depression returned to near the isoelectric level and Q wave disappeared from 7 days after MI. However, ST depression and Q wave were still present in rats with larger infarct (infarct size≥30%). Conclusion: Evolutional changes of MCG were well-recognized up to 21 days after MI. Furthermore, the infarct size can be expressed by the extent of Q wave and ST segment depression on MCG. Taken together, these data indicate that MCG is a helpful modality for the diagnosis, evaluation of infarct size and follow up after MI.(Korean J Med 62:42-48, 2002)

대량의 각혈로 사망한 장티푸스 1예

한상우,유진홍,권순석,김성훈,박지찬,홍은정,최경성,박용완,장준희,안지원,박유경,강지영,박상미,신완식 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.5

We experienced a 25 year-old male patient with typhoid fever complicated with massive hemoptysis. Pulmonary complication in typhoid fever is very rare and to our knowledge, there has been no report of hemoptysis as a main cause of death with this disease. We herein report a rare case of typhoid fever.

중학교 학교사고의 역학적 특성

지미영,이성은 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : This study was conducted to identify the epidemiological characteristics of school accidents in middle school students. Methods : The subjects in this study were the students of a middle school in Gangnung. The study period was one semester, from March 2 to July 15, 1999. Data were collected by one of the authors using a structured questionnaire, and the subjects who had school accidents and visited the school health care office were interviewed. The data was analyzed using the SPSS and SAS programs. Results : The semester incidence rate per 100 students was 31.6 cases. The daily accident rate was 2.8 cases, and the accident incidence density was 2.6 cases per 1,000 students days. The mean of accident incidence was 1.7 per student. The incidence was the highest in June. The most frequent cause of accidents was carelessness, and the accidents were most frequent at recess. Conclusion : It is necessary to conduct the analytic epidemiological study to identify the risk factors of school accidents.

손 제스처 인식을 이용한 3D 영상 네비게이션

지은미,이상호 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 2000 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구에서는 그림 속으로의 여행 기법을 구현하였으며, 마우스 및 키보드를 대신하여 제스처 인식을 사용함으로서 네비게이션이 쉽고 편리해짐을 증명하였다. 그림속으로의 여행 기법은 한 장의 영상으로부터 간단한 방법으로 3차원 애니메이션을 만들 수 있는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 Horry 및 Pho가 제안한 방법을 PC가 제안한 방법을 PC상에서 구현하여 2차원 영상을 3차원 네비게이션이 가능한 영상으로 변화하였다. 사용자 인터페이스인 손 모양 제스처의 인식을 크게 3개의 타입으로 개발되었으며 Type-1은 대기(wait)를, Type-2는 2D 상의 각종 방향 지시를, Type-3는 3D 공간상의 위와 아래를 지정할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 개발된 세 타입의 손 제스처는 3D 랜더링된 영상속에서 가상 마우스 및 키보드의 역할을 담당하며, 이러한 손 모양 제스처를 이용함으로서 사용자는 3D 공간상에서 자유롭고 간편하게 투어링이 가능해 졌다. The purpose of this study is to prove that using gesture recognition through implementing the method of 'tour into the picture' makes navigation very convenient and easy compared to navigation using mouse and keyboard. The method of 'tour into the picture' is a simple technique which converts an 2D image into 3D animation. This study shows how to convert 2D image into 3D navigation, implementing the method previously proposed by Horry and Pho on the personal computer. hand-shape gesture recognition which function is as a user interface has been developed into three types : Type-1 means pause: Type-2 means showing directions on 2D : Type-3 is designed to assign upper and lower depth in space. These three types play the role as virtual mouse and keyboard in 3D-rendering image. Above all, using hand-shaped gestures contributes to the ease of user's navigation of 3D space.

취업장애인의 임금 결정 요인

조상미,김지나,조정화 한국장애인고용공단 고용개발원 2010 장애와 고용 Vol.20 No.3

취업장애인의 저임금은 장애로 인한 높은 추가비용과 공적급여의 미비로 인해 빈곤과 직결되어 있으며, 사회의 양극화 현상을 심화시키는 심각한 문제이다. 따라서 취업 장애인의 임금을 결정하는 요인을 포괄적이고 다각적으로 파악하고, 향후 발전적 방향에 대한제시가 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구는 취업장애인의 임금에 영향을 미치는 요인을 인구학적,장애관련, 인적자본, 노동시장 요인에 따라 분석하고 근로소득을 높이기 위한 정책적, 실천적 함의를 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 제1차년도 장애인고용패널 데이터의 취업장애인 중 자영업자와 고용주를 제외한 임금근로자 1,212명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 인구학적 요인에서 성별, 결혼상태, 연령이, 장애관련 요인에서 장애유형, 장애등급, 장애발생 연령이, 인적자본 요인에서 고용서비스 이용여부, 직업교육 경험여부, 자격증 유무, 직급, 교육연한, 근속연수가, 노동시장 요인에서는 노동조합 유무, 복리후생 유무, 종사상 지위, 일자리 산업내용, 사업체 규모, 월근무시간이 월임금수준에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 취업장애인의 임금을 향상하기 위한 방안을 인적자본 요인과 노동시장 요인을 중심으로 제언하였다. For workers with disabilities in Korea earned income accounts for the major proportion of their total income. This is due to a lack of public assistance for workers with disabilities, which means working is the major source of income. However, despite the importance of employment, their earned income is very low, so their economic situation is precarious. Nevertheless, there has been little research done on the determinants of earned income of workers with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to examine how demographic, disability, human capital, and employment characteristics affect earned income. Throughout this research, this study aims to propose implications for social work policy and practice to increase earned income. Utilizing data from ‘Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled,’ 1,212 samples were analyzed. Results found that the type of disabilities, gender, vocational training, occupational type, and employment status influence the earned income of workers with disabilities. Based on the findings of this study, this paper argues that the capability of workers with disabilities should be improved by individualized vocational training. This paper also recommends the expansion of the employment market in the public sector and enterprise sector.

MCR에 의한 혐기성 소화에 대한 암모니아의 영향

김양지,김춘미,김성일,김종수 선문대학교 ·중소기업기술지원연구소 2002 선문공대 연구/기술 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

혐기성 소화에서 미생물에 저해/독성 물질로 알려진 암모니아의 농도와 식종원에 따른 영향을 MCR(Master Culture Reactor)을 이용하여 회분식으로 분석하였다. 식종원은 축간농가 축산폐수 집수조의 침전슬러지 그리고 하수종말처리장 혐기성 소화조 잉여슬러지를 사용하였다. 식종원에 상관없이 암모니아는 1,500㎎NH_4-N/L에서 COD 제거율과 가스생성율로 측정된 혐기성 미생물의 활성에 저해영향을 주기 시작하여 2,500㎎NH_4-N/L에서 더욱 심하였다. 암모니아 저해 농도 범위에서 휘발성 유기산의 농도는 50㎎/L 범위로 유지되므로 메탄생성균 뿐만아니라 산생성균도 저해영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 축산폐수 집수조 침전슬러지로 식종된 경우 암모니아 2,500㎎NH_4-N/L 농도 범위 이상으로 운전하여도 COD 제거율과 가스생성율은 일정하게 나타났지만 하수종말처리장 혐기성 소화조 잉여슬러지로 식종된 경우 암모니아 농도가 증가할수록 COD 제거율과 가스생성율은 감소하였다. 결과적으로 암모니아에 장기간 순응된 축산폐수 집수조의 침전슬러지로 식종한 경우 암모니아의 저해 농도에 대하여 적응도 빨랐으며 저해영향도 적음을 알 수 있었다. The influence of ammonia and the sources of seeding on anaerobic digestion were investigated by batch operation of MCR(master culture reactor). The sources of seeding on anaerobic digestion were from swine wastewater collection pit and anaerobic digestion sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant. The inhibition effects of ammonia on anaerobic microorganisms were initiated at ammonia concentration of 1,500 ㎎NH_4-N/L and the effects were increased by increasing ammonia concentration upto 2,500 ㎎NH_4-N/L regardless the sources of seeding as evidenced by decreases in COD removal efficiencies and biogas yields. The inhibition occurred to not only methanogens but also acidogens since the concentration of volatile fatty acids was maintained at 50 ㎎/L during the batch operations of MCR. The COD removal efficiency and biogas yield were maintained constantly while increasing ammonia concentration upto 2,500 ㎎NH_4-N/L when swine wastewater collection pit was used as seeding; however, those were decreased while increasing ammonia concentration when anaerobic digestion sludge was used as seeding. The results indicate that the seeding acclimated to high concentrations of ammonia for long time was easy in adaptation to high ammonia concentration and less subjective to ammonia inhibitory effects.

부산지역 매출액 상위기업의 위상과 변천사

정성문 · 정지미 · 이규용 · 김건우 · 김권호 · 박수정 · 양태완 · 지준영 · 이우평 신라대학교 부산학연구센터 2020 부산연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 부산지역의 주요기업 변화를 살펴보기 위해 매출액 기준 전국 상위 1,000대 기업에 속하는 부산기업을 조사하여 비교분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 2005년에 전국 1,000대 기업 중 46개 기업이 부산에 소재하였는데, 2019년에는 12 개가 줄어든 34개 기업만이 전국 1,000대 기업에 포함되었다. 또한, 전국 상위 1,000대 기업의 매출액 기준으로 부산지역 기업의 매출액 비중은 2005년 1.6%에서 2019년 1.4%로 줄어든 것으 로 나타났다. 이는 수도권 집중현상이 점차 강화되고 있기 때문이다. 한편, 부산지역 매출액 기준 상위 10대 기업은 많은 변화가 있었는데, 2005년 상위 10대 기업 중 2019년에도 상위 10대 기 업에 포함된 기업은 ㈜한진중공업, 르노삼성자동차(주), ㈜부산은행, ㈜서원유통 등 4개뿐인 것 으로 나타났다. 통계적 인과 관계는 확정할 수 없으나 지역 대기업의 쇠퇴 및 유출과 지역의 쇠퇴가 동시에 이루어지고 있어 지역 경제의 침체와 대기업의 쇠퇴 및 유출이 상당한 관계가 있음을 유추해 볼 수 있다. 특히 2011년 이후 지역 주력 제조업 기업들이 1000대 기업 진입에 실패하였다는 점을 주목해 볼 필요가 있다. 지역 제조업 대기업의 이탈 또는 쇠퇴는 지역 생산성 하락에 영향을 미 쳤을 가능성이 높고, 낮아진 지역 산업 생산성이 지역 경제성장률 둔화에도 영향을 미칠 가능성 이 있다. 따라서 지역의 경제활력 저하 문제를 제고하기 위해서는 지역 산업구조 개편 문제와 생 산성 향상 방안에 대한 고민이 필요하다.

B16 melanoma 세포에서 nitric oxide가 멜라닌 생성에 미치는 영향

심상수,조남영,윤미연,이지윤,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2002 약학 논총 Vol.16 No.-

To investigate the effects of nitric oxide and cGMP on melanin production, we measured the melanin production in B16 melanoma cells stimulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH). NO donor, such as, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), SIN-1, SNAP and L-arginine increased melanin production in basal state. SNAP potentiated melanin production by MSH, but other NO donors did not. In the study the potentiating effect of sodium nitroprusside on cAMP-dependent melanin production, sodium nitroprusside did not increase melanin production induced by MSH, forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP. Non-selective cAMP/cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor (IBMX) and selective cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor (zaprinast) significantly increased MSH-induced melanin production, whereas soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) inhibited MSH-induced melanin production. These results suggest the possibility that MSH-stimulated melanin production may be mediated via not only cAMP-dependent pathway but also cGMP-dependent pathway in B16 melanoma cells.

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

고삼투압성 비케톤성 상태의 예후인자

안성훈,김양원,김미란,진헌철,안지영,이상래,류석용,김홍용,김성준,이병권,김경환 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Background: A hyperosmolar nonketotic state has been known to have a high mortality, and even now, despite this high mortality, only a few studies of this disease have been performed. We studied the prognostic factors for the hyperosmolar nonketotic state. Methods: We retrospectively studied the cases of 40 patients who were in a hypersomolar nonketotic state when admitted to Sanggye Paik Hospital during the 6-year Period from 1995 through 2000. We divided the hyperosmolar nonketotic patients into two groups, the complete recovery group and the incomplete recovery group, and compared the clinical features, the laboratory findings, and the precipitating factors between two groups. Results: 1) A total of 40 patients were studied: 24 in the complete recovery group and 16 patients in the incomplete recovery group. The mortality rate was 32.5%. 2) No significant statistical difference existed among the clinical features of the two groups, except for the sex(p<0.01). 3) Among the laboratory findings of both groups, analysis revealed that the effective osmolarity was significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.01). Serum sodium concentration was also significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.01). Serum creatinine was also significantly higher among those in the incomplete recovery group(p<0.05). Serum bicarbonate concentration, on the other hand, was significantly lower among those in that group(p<0.05).4) Infection was identified as the most common precipitating factor(62.5%). Among the precipitating factors of the two groups, there were significant statistical difference in pneumonia, UTI, and inappropriate glucose control. 5) A significant statistical difference existed among the initial level of consciousness of both groups(p<0.05). 6) The only significant independent factor responsible for prognosis of nonketotic hyperosmolar state patients was the sex. Conclusion: The sex was only significant independent prognostic factor of nonketotic hyperosmolar state patients.