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서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)
김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1
In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.
이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
정성태,장창현,전태원 師範大學 體育硏究所 1993 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.14 No.2
The purpose of this study was to investigate the physique and physical fitness of the rural area adults. To accomplish this purpose 202 adults were drawn from 4 different rural areas such as Chungnam, Junbook, Kyoungbook, and Chungbook, and their physique and physical fitness were measured. The data from these people were compared with those of 114 Seoul residents. The findings of this study were as followings; physique 1. The heights of rural area adults were shorter than those of urban area adults by about 4cm, and their heights tended to reduce by 2cm every 10 year as they got older. 2. The weights of rural area male adults were lighter that those of their urban counterparts by about 6kg ; rural area female adults were also lighter than their urban counterparts by 10kg. 3. The sizes of waist girths of both the rural area adults and urban area adults tended to increase after their 40s. physical fitness 1. There was no significant difference of grip strengh between rural and urban area male adults; rural area female adults exhibited stronger grip strengh than their urban area counterparts by about 4kg. 2. There was no significant difference of sit-up performance between rural and urban area male adults; rural area female adults showed weaker sit-up performance than their urban counterparts. 3. There was no significant difference of trunk bending performance between rural and urban area male adults; rural area female adults showed more flexible trunk bending performance than their urban counterparts.
정영근,강상목,여준호 한국환경경제학회 한국자원경제학회 2004 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.13 No.3
본 연구에서는 사회·환경·경제·제도 4개 부문의 지속가능한 발전지표들을 통합하여 지속가능발전지수 작성을 위한 방법론을 제시하고 한국의 지속가능발전 상태를 종합적으로 평가할 수 있는 지속가능발전지수를 1990~2001년간 실증적으로 계측해 보았다. 한국의 지속가능발전지수는 기준년도인 1995년을 중심으로 완만한 U자형 형태를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지속가능발전지수가 1990년대 중반까지 하락한 주된 요인은 경제와 환경 부문의 하락에 기인하고 그 이후 상승은 사회와 제도 부문의 급격한 상승에 기인한 것으로 분석되었다. 지속가능발전지수가 주는 정책적 시사점은 첫째, 한국은 지속가능발전 측면에서 점차 긍정적인 추세를 보인다는 점과, 둘째, 지속가능발전지수의 상승과 하락이 4개 부분에 따라 사이하므로 하락하거나 보합적인 추세를 보이고 있는 부문에 대한 세심한 정책적 고려가 필요하다는 점이다. This paper develops the methodology for the indexation of Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) in 4 sectors (social, environmental, economic, and institutional sectors), and provides the empirical results of Sustainable Development Index (SDI) for Korea from 1990 to 2001. Given 1995 as the basic year. the trend of SDI for Korea displays a slowly curving U-shape. The down trend of SDI until mid-90's results from the decline of SDI in economic and environmental sectors, and the uptrend of SDI after mid-90's results from the sharp rising of SDI in social and institutional sectors. The implication of the results is that Korea generally shows a positive trend toward the sustainable development. However, there should be a careful consideration about partly downward trend in individual SDIs, because of the different trend of SDI in each sector.
鄭在奎,李相準,文榮石 慶北大學校 1964 論文集 Vol.8 No.-
In order to observe the appearance of drug resistant strains in vivo, soil acid fast bacilli (s-12) which exhibited and appearance in high frequency of drug resistant strains in vitro experiments, were inoculated into the mice, and three days after inoculation these mice were followed by treatment with streptomycin and isonicotinic amide hydrazid for 2 to 3 weeks according to the groups. After the cessation of treatment, mice of the each group were sacrificed and the drugs treated, on both two and three weeks treated groups, with a single exception of high druges treated, on both and three weeks treated groups, with a single exception of high resistant variant from on the liver lesion of the 3 weeks treated isonicotnic amid hydrazid group.
정상옥,오창준 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1997 慶北大農學誌 Vol.15 No.-
In 1996, a cold-water damage occured in the paddy field at the downstream of the Umoon dam. To study the cause and the preventive measures of the cold-water damage a field study was performed during the growing season of 1997. Field measurements such as water temperatures at reservoir, irrigation canal and in the paddy field were made. As a result, there was no cold-water damage due to the right irrigation water management practice in 1997. The cold-water damage is possible to happen, however, and the preventive measures were provided.
정창화,심유섭,김성준,박철휘 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.6
The purpose of this study was to develop a solution to reduce the cost of methanol as external carbon source. The raw water of J-S.T.P. contains low concentration of readily biodegradable organics and high concentration of nitrogen due to the influents of industrial wastewater and leachate. Consequently, the influent C/N ratio is very low, and thus the supplemental addition of methanol is required to provide external carbon source for denitrification. Pilot plant experiments composed 2-stage denitrification process were performed to examine the effects and performances of the selected carbon source and the operation conditions for applications in practice. When the same amount of denitrifying substrates based on denitrification rate of methanol were injected, the effluent T-N concentration of using mecellulose wastewater was similar to that of methanol. Comparing the influent concentration of carbon source and the denitrification rate, it was shown that the denitrifying potential of mecellulose wastewater was 60% and injecting 1/3 of carbon source into the preanoxic tank was appropriate to ensure the stabilized effluent water quality. The COD,, requirement of mecellulose wastewater per nitrogen removed was 1.4 times of the required amount for methanol, and the settlability of sludge treated with mecellulose wastewater improved about 29%, which confirmed its potential as effective external carbon source.
수도수중 염소 소독부산물로 인한 건강위해성 평가에 관한 연구 : 서울시 수도수중 Trihalomethanes 및 Haloaceticnitriles을 중심으로
정용,신동천,양지연,박연신,김준성 한국환경독성학회 1997 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.12 No.2
Public concerns about hazardous health effect from the exposure to organic by-products of the chlorination have been increased. There are numerous studies reporting that chlorination of drinking water produces numerous chlorinated organic by -products including THMs, HAAS, HANs. Some of these products are known to be animal carcinogens. The purpose of this study was to estimate health risk of DBPs by chlorinated drinking water ingestion in Seoul based on methodologies that have been developed for conducting risk assessment of complex-chemical-mixture. The drinking water sample was collected seperately at six water treatment plant in Seoul at March, April, 1996. In tap water of households in Seoul, DBPs were measured with the mean value of 36.6 μg/L. Risk assessment processes, which include processes for the estimation of human cancer potency using animal bioassay data and calculation of human exposure, entail uncertainties. In the exposure assessment process, exposure scenarios with various assumptions could affect the exposure amount and excess cancer risk. The reference dose of haloacetonitriles was estimated to be 0.0023 mg/kg/day by applying dibromoacetonitrile NOAEL and uncertainty factor to the mean concentration. In the first case, human excess cancer risk was estimated by the US EPA method used to set the MCL (maximum contaminant level). In the second and third case, the risk was estimated for multi-route exposure with and without adopting Monte-Carlo simulation, respectively. In the second case, exposure input parameters and cancer potencies used probability distributions, and in the third case, those values used point estimates (mean, and maximum or 951!!i) upper-bound value). As a result, while the excess cancer risk estimated by US EPA method considering only direct ingestion tended to be underestimated, the -risk which was estimated by considering multi-route exposure without Monte-Carlo simulation and then using the maximum or 95% upper-bound value as input parameters tended to be overestimated. In risk assessment for Trihalomethanes, considering multi-route exposure with adopting Monte-Carlo analysis seems to provide the most reasonable estimations.
정호성,김상은,이준형,박철완,이 근 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Mortality after cervical spine injury(CSI) is reported as high as 10∼30%, and it is intimately related to the initial management and cardiopulmonary function. We analyzed the cause of death for 29 patients who expired at Chung Ang Gil Hospital after CSI between 1990 and 1994. Of 198 patients with CSI, 43 patients(21m7%) died. Except 14 cases with concomitant fatal head injury and/or multiple systemic injuries, the mortality rate of CSI was 14.6%. Male to female ratio was over 6:1. Fourth to sixth decades constituted 69.0%. Common causes of CSI were traffic accidents(58.6%) and fall/slip(34.5%). The level of CSI was above C5(upper cervical group: UCG) in 65.5%, and below C4(lower cervical group: LCG) in 34.5%. Most of them(86.2%) died within four weeks after CSI. Early death(within 7 days) was more common in the UCG(57.9%) than the LCG(20.0%). Associated injuries were found in 72.4%, and the head injury was the most common one. The higher the Injury Severity Score(ISS), the earlier the patients expired(Fisher`s test, P<0.05). On arrival, hypotension(systolic blood pressure below 90mmHg), bradycardia(less than 60/min), and respiratory arrest was found in 31.0%, 34.5% and 17.2%, respectively. The episode of bradycardia was found in 58.6%. It was more common in cases of early death(69.2%) than those of the late death(50.0%). Hypoxia, hypercarbia, and acidosis was observed in 20.7%, 17.2%, and 51.7%, respectively. Respiratory failure was responsible for the majority(89.7%) of death. In UCG and the cases of the early death, primary respiratory dysfunction was the main cause of death, while in LCG and the cases of the late death, pulmonary complication was the major reason(Fisher`s test P<0.01, P<0.01, respectively).