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문승의,김백조,하창환 한국환경과학회 1997 한국환경과학회지 Vol.6 No.2
The characteristics on the transtion probabilities and periodicity for the daily precipitation occurrence in Korean peninsula are investigated by applying the Markov chain properties to daily precipitation occurrence. In order to examine the responses of Markov Chain properties to the applied period and their magnitudes, three cases (Case A: 1956∼1985 at 14 stations, Case B: 1965∼1994 at 14 stations, and Case C: 1985∼1994 at 63 stations) are considered in this study. The transition probabilities from wet day to wet day for all cases are about 0.50 and in summer, especially July, are higher. In addition, considering them in each station we can find that they are the highest at Ullung-do and lowest at Inchon for all cases. The annual equilibrium probabilities of a wet day appear 0.31 in Case A, 0.30 Case B, and 0.29 Case C, respectively. This may explain that as the data-period used becomes shorter, the higher the equilibrium probability is. The seasonal distributions of equilibrium probabilities are appeared the lowest(0.23∼0.28) in winter and the highest(more than 0.39) in spring and monthly in July and in October, repectively. The annual mean wet duration for all cases is 2.04 days in Case A, 1.99 Case B, and 1.89 Case C, repectively. The weather cycle obtained from the annual mean wet and dry duration is 6.54∼6.59 days, which are closely associated with the movement of synoptic systems. And the statistical tests show that the transitions of daily precipitation occurrence for all cases may have two-state first Markov chain property, being the stationarity in time and heterogeneity in space.
국산 Avana 인공치아와 외국산 ITI 인공치아의 악골조직내 적합성에 관한 비교연구
유재하,이지웅,백성흠,정원균,김종배 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.6
The purpose of this article is to confirm the longterm biocompatibility of national Avana implant and international ITI implant in dogs. At the fourth month after extreaction of the mandibular third and fourth premolar in three dog, both implants were inserted using careful atraumatic technique and prosthetic abutments were applied onto the implants in three months. After that, the implants were examined by naked eye and radiographic image every three months during 1 year, for detection of the complications, such as, mobility, bone resorption and wound infection. At 1 year after application of prosthetic abutment, the dogs were sacrificed for the histopathologic analysis by light microscope. The results obtained were as follows; 1. All implants had the ralatively good prognosis without mobility, wound infection and moderate bone resoprtion, in clinical and radiological evaluation during one year. 2. The all histopathologic specimens at one year after application of prosthetic abutment onto the implants showed the distinct osseointegration between implant system and bone, with projection of new bone apposition onto the peri-implant tissue. But Avana implants had the less osseointegration than ITI implants in the cancellous and marrow layer of jaw bone. 3. The all histopathologic specimens at one year after application of prosthetic device showed the firm junction by dense connective tissue pattern between the implant and the gingival portion. But Avana implants had the less firmer junction than ITI implants. 4. The authors confirmed that Avana implant and ITI implant have more higher tissue biocompatibility in dental implantation, but ITI implant has the more osseointegration than the Avana implant.
장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.
이종찬,강용구,이태원,전영길,하상백 金烏工科大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.-
Structural ceramics have been widely used in engineering parts. It, however, is very difficult to grind the ceramics with desired shape and dimensional accuracy because of their high hardness, strength, and brittleness. Grindability of structural ceramics are quite different as they have different mechanical and physical properties. This paper compares the grindability of structural ceramics such as Al₂O₃Si₃N₄and SiC. The grinding experiments include the measurement of grinding force, surface roughness. and SEM observation. The experimental results indicate that Si₃N₄consumes the highest specific grinding energy among the three kinds of ceramics. It was also found that there is no corelationship between grindability and surface roughness of ground surface.
Spatio-Temporal Sliding Window Processing over Geosensor Data Streams
Sung-Ha Baek,Gyoung-Bae Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.1
The u-GIS spatial information technology requires the processing of Geosensor information. Geosensor information processing generates real-time and high-volume location and data streams related to locations. To process this kind of data, data stream management systems (DSMS) and spatio-temporal data stream management system (ST-DSMS) are being researched. However DSMS deals with general data streams that do not consider spatial and temporal domains. ST-DSMS supports the processing of spatial and temporal domains. However, ST-DSMS is based on continuous query processing over sliding windows the queries in ST- DSMS that are limited to expressing various spatio-temporal predicates. Moreover, studies on ST-DSMS lacked analyses on multiple attributes and various spatio-temporal. In this paper, we present a new spatio-temporal sliding window for achieving spatio-temporal data stream with multiple attributes. The method is based on periodical query processing over sliding windows and maintains in-out time and value histories of objects. So, in this paper, we can support various spatio-temporal predicates, deal with multiple attributes, and provide complex query syntax analyzing various spatio-temporal correlations
INSERTION-OF-IDEAL-FACTORS-PROPERTY
Baek, Sang Ha,Han, Jung Min,Kim, Eun Ji,Kim, Ju Hee,Kim, Jung Soo,Kim, Min Jae,Kim, Pyeong-Geun,Yi, Changyoon,Lee, Dong Geun,Lee, Seung Yeop,Seo, Dae Jae,Lee, Yang,Ryu, Sung Ju The Youngnam Mathematical Society 2014 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.30 No.5
Due to Bell, a ring R is usually said to be IFP if ab = 0 implies aRb = 0 for $a,b{\in}R$. It is shown that if f(x)g(x) = 0 for $f(x)=a_0+a_1x$ and $g(x)=b_0+{\cdots}+b_nx^n$ in R[x], then $(f(x)R[x])^{2n+2}g(x)=0$. Motivated by this results, we study the structure of the IFP when proper ideals are taken in place of R, introducing the concept of insertion-of-ideal-factors-property (simply, IIFP) as a generalization of the IFP. A ring R will be called an IIFP ring if ab = 0 (for $a,b{\in}R$) implies aIb = 0 for some proper nonzero ideal I of R, where R is assumed to be non-simple. We in this note study the basic structure of IIFP rings.
( Sung Ha Lim ),( Solam Lee ),( Young Bin Lee ),( Chung Hyeok Lee ),( Jong Won Lee ),( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Ju Yeong Lee ),( Joung Soo Kim ),( Mi Youn Park ),( Sang Baek Koh ),( Eung Ho Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: Whether having a tattoo increases the risk of transfusion transmitted diseases (TTDs) is controversial. Objectives: To identify prevalence and risk of TTDs in people with tattoos as compared with the general population. Methods: A systematic review of the studies published before September 2019 was performed by using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Observational studies on hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections in people with and without tattoos were included. Studies that reported disease status without serological confirmation were excluded. Results: A total of 115 studies were quantitatively analyzed. HCV (odd ratio [OR], 2.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.52-3.44), HBV (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.34-1.76), and HIV infections (OR, 3.42; 95% CI, 2.16-5.41) were more prevalent in the tattooed population. In subgroup analyses, after the adjustment of possible publication bias, the prevalence of HCV infection was significantly elevated in the community-dwelling, hospital patient, intravenous (IV) drug user, and prisoner groups. IV drug users and prisoners showed high prevalence rates of HBV infection. The prevalence of HIV infection was significantly increased in the prisoner group. Conclusion: Having a tattoo is associated with an increased prevalence of TTDs. Our approach clarifies in depth and supports a guideline for TTD screening in the tattooed population.
Ha, Sung-Kyu,Yang, Seung-Ju,Shin, Sug-Kyun,Jo, Young-Il,Baek, Kyung-Min,Hong, Seung-Hwa,Pack, Seung-Pil,Kim, Sung-Jo,Heo, Tae-Hwe The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2010 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.22 No.4
Clinical cases of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) have been reported during the recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for the anemia patients. PRCA is a rare hematological disorder leading to a severe anemia due to an almost complete stop of red blood cell production. Antibody (Ab)-associated PRCA is caused by the EPO-neutralizing Abs that eliminate the biological activity of EPO. In order to detect anti-EPO Abs in human sera, we performed conventional ELISA, directly coated bridging ELISA, and streptavidin coated bridging ELISA, and compared their sensitivity and specificity. Some false positive results were obtained in the conventional ELISA. One positive sample was detected successfully by streptavidin coated bridging ELISA, which was not appeared in the directly coated bridging ELISA. In conclusion, streptavidin coated bridging ELISA was substantially sensitive and specific format and one out of sixty-eight serum samples was proved to be anti-EPO positive.