심근경색 모델 흰쥐에서 스트레스가 B-type Natriuretic Peptide 발현 및 심박변이율 변화에 미치는 영향

이삼윤(Sam Youn Lee),이미경(Mi Kyoung Lee),김남호(Nam-ho Kim),주민철(Min Cheol Joo),조항정(Hyang Jeong Jo),강지숙(Ji Sook Kang),김병숙(Byung Sook Kim),윤선식(Sun Sik Yoon),최을식(Eul Sig Choi),이문영(Moon Young Lee) 대한스트레스학회 2010 스트레스硏究 Vol.18 No.3

심박변이율의 감소는 심근 경색 환자에서 예후의 악화와 관련되어 있다. 심박변이율 중 very low frequency가 심부전환자의 예후를 판단할 수 있는 독립적 인자로서 사용이 가능하다고 보고된 바 있으며, 심실의 압력 증가에 반응해서 생성되는 B-type natriuretic peptide가 심근 경색의 예후 인자로서 사용할 수 있음 역시 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 심근경색 모델을 제작하여 일정의 회복 기간을 거친 다음 다시 일정 기간의 스트레스를 겪게 한 후 심박변이율의 변화 및 심실 조직에서의 BNP 발현 정도를 비교하여 스트레스에 의한 영향을 관찰하고자 하였다. Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐 15마리를 대상으로 하였다. 실험동물은 인위적 스트레스 및 수술을 받지 않은 대조군(CON, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 restraint stress를 받지 않은 군(MI+No Stress, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 받은 군(MI+Stress, n=5)으로 분류하였다. 심근경색 모델 제작 직후 15분 이상 심전도의 변화를 기록하였으며, 2개월 정도 후 심근경색 수술을 받은 동물을 두 군으로 나누어 그 중 한 군에는 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 가한 후 restraint stress를 가하지 않은 동물과 심박변이율을 비교 분석하였다. 심실 조직은 좌심실 전벽 부위의 위축을 관찰할 수 있었고, 대식세포에 의하여 응고, 괴사된 심근세포의 탐식과 혈관이 풍부한 육아조직 및 섬유 변화를 볼 수 있었다. 심박변이율은 심근경색 수술을 받은 직후 심박수는 유의한 증가를 보였고, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN), very low frequency (VLF) 및 low frequency (LF)의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 심근경색 수술을 받았던 동물에서 두 달 정도의 회복 기간을 거친 후 스트레스를 받지 않은 군은 심박수 및 기타 심박변이율 분석에서 SDNN 값을 제외하고는 정상군과 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었던 반면 1주일 동안 스트레스를 받은 군에서는 심박수가 다시 유의하게 증가했을 뿐만 아니라 SDNN, VLF 및 LF 역시 정상군과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 심근경색 동물에 대해 1주일 동안 스트레스를 가한 결과 심박변이율이 감소하고 심실에서의 BNP 발현은 더욱 증가하여 악화함을 보여주고 있다. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with less favorable prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). It has been reported that very low frequency (VLF) power in HRV analysis is an independent risk predictor in patients with congestive heart failure and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) can be used as a prognostic factor of MI. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether stress has an effect to the changes of BNP expression and/or heart rate variability in MI model in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: control group (CON), MI group (MI+No Stress), and MI followed by stress group (MI+Stress). MI+Stress group rats were raised for a two month recovery period after the operation, followed by being exposed to restraint stress for 2 hours per day for 1 week. Electrocardiogram was recorded after the operation and the last day after 1 week of stress. The frequency components of HRV were calculated in the frequency domain such as VLF, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and so on. In HRV analysis, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN) was significantly reduced in both groups compared to the control group. VLF and LF also were significantly reduced in MI+Stress group compared to the control groups. In addition, BNP expression in western blotting was shown the strongest bands in MI+ Stress group among experimental groups. These results suggest that BNP and HRV were aggravated by stress in MI rat model. (Korean J Str Res 2010;18:275∼285)

Extraction Procedures for Free Radical Scavenging Activity from Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia)

Mi-Kyung Gwak,Hee-Sun Choi,Benya Manochai,Jeong-Hwa Hong 한국약용작물학회 2011 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.19 No.1

In this study, we investigated maximum yield of radical scavenging activity (RSA) using each of various extraction solvents and procedure from noni friut (Morinda citrifolia). Noni fruits were either sun-dried (FS) or hot-air dried (FO) at 60℃ after steam blanching. For optimum aqueous extraction, noni fruits should be sun dried and autoclave extraction time should not be over 30 min to produce extraction with high RSA with low cost. In case of 50% ethanol extraction, reflux extracts of FS and FO resulted in IC50 of 1.92 mg/mL and 3.06 mg/mL at 8 hr. When IC50 values were lower than 5 mg/mL, coefficient of correlation was 0.71 indicating that 71% of the phenolic antioxidants in noni fruits were accounted for the activity by scavenging free DPPH. However, coefficient of correlation significantly decreased to 0.63 over IC50 values of 5 mg/mL. Autoclave extraction contained chlorogenic acid of 14.69 μg/mL and scopoletin of 3.86 μg/mL. Reflux extraction showed all three compounds, chlorogenic acid (26.19 μg/mL), quercetin (19.59 μg/mL), and scopoletin (17.4 μg/mL). Therefore, the result of this study indicated that the potential antioxidant activities and functional values were obtained significantly with reflux extraction from noni fruit.

대학생의 우울과 스트레스에 관한 연구

최외선,오미나 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1998 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.23 No.-

This study is to investigate the effects of depression and environmental variables on college students's stress. The subjects of this study is 691 students of five universities (Kyung-buk, Kemyeung, Taegu, Youngnam, Hyosung Catholic), located in and in the vicinity of Taegu city. Following conclusion was achieved in this study. First, more than half the students reveal the state of depression ranging 54.9%. Total average is middle-low of 12.14. Second, total average of the stress level of college students is middle-high of 2.62. Third, the variables which have direct effect on the stress of college students in view of cause and effect between the environmental variables and the level of stress caused by depression are sex, socio-economic state, friend relationship, anxiety about examination and depression. The variable which have indirect effect on it by means of media-variable depression are family atmosphere, health condition, friend relationship, recognition of career or vocation.

암환자를 위한 김치의 개발 : 1. 김치레시피조절에 의한 항돌연변이효과 증진연구 1. Studies on Enhancing Antimutagenic Effect of Kimchi by Changing the Recipe

최선미,전영수,이숙희,박건영 부산대학교 김치연구소 2002 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.8 No.-

To develop kimchi for cancer patient, we studied on enhancing antimutagenic effect of kimchi by manipulating the recipe from the result of prevalence test on kimchi by cancer patients. According to the result of prevalence test, the patients wanted to reduce the level of red pepper powder and increase some sub-ingredients such as garlic and mustard compared to the standardized kimchi. The recipe-manipulated kimchi was fermented at 15℃ for 1 day and then ripened at 5℃ for several days up to pH 4.2~4.3. The antimutagenic effect of the methanol extracts of the kimchi was evaluated by using Ames mutagenicity test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Among the kimchi samples, CP_2-M kimchi (2.5% red pepper powder +7.5% mustard leaf added kimchi) exhibited higher inhibitory effect on the mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B_1 in the Ames test. In vivo supravital staining micronucleus assay, anticlastogenic effect of the CP_2-M kimchi group was higher than that of the control group. The induction of chromosome aberration by mitomycin C was significantly suppressed by CP_2-M kimchi suggesting in post-treatment.

소금 종류가 김치발효와 암예방 기능성에 미치는 효과

최선미,박건영 대한암예방학회 2002 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.7 No.3

당귀잎김치 및 당귀잎첨가 배추김치의 암예방 효과

최선미,길정하,문숙희,박건영 대한암예방학회 2003 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.8 No.3

지역학으로서의 독일학 육성을 위한 정보자료의 디지털화와 활용방안에 관한 연구

최병진,정동규,천미애,남유선 한국독어독문학회 2003 獨逸文學 Vol.88 No.-

In dieser Arbeit wurde vor allem versucht, den Blick auf zwei Punkte zu richten: Erstens sollte das Forschungsvorhaben, das im Rahmen eines zweija¨hrigen Projekts unter finanzieller Unterstu¨tzung des Koreanischen Research Foundation (KRF) durchgefu¨hrt wurde, in grobem Abriss vorgestellt werden. Zweitens werden die Probleme skizziert, die wa¨hrend der Durchfu¨hrung des Projekts auftauchten, und aus denen sich schließlich unmittelbar einige Verbesserungs- vorschla¨ge ergeben. Das Projekt hatte die Aufgabe, ein auf digitalisierten Daten basierendes Informationssystem u¨ber Deutschland zu erstellen. Das System der Wissenschaftsinformationen, das in der vorliegenden Arbeit vorgestellt wurde, wird beispielsweise aufgrund seiner umfangreichen Informationsdaten dem Fach Germanistik zur weiteren und vertiefenden deutschlandeskundlichen Forschung von großem Nutzen sein. Daru¨ber hinaus aber kommt es auch den Lehrenden zugute, da ihnen dann ein vielseitiges und reichhaltiges Lehrveranstaltungsmaterial als Veranstaltungsthemen zur Verfu¨gung steht. Um ein solches Wissenschaftssystem der Deutschlandforschung zu erstellen und weiter zu entwickeln, wird jedoch nicht nur vie1 Zeit, sondern eine sta¨ndige Aktualisierung der Datenbank no¨tig werden. Um diese Aufgaben zu bewa¨ltigen, sollten mo¨glichst viele Germanisten fu¨r das Projekt zur Verfu¨gung stehen. Zurzeit findet das Internet im privaten und o¨ffentlichen Bereich breite Anwendung wie noch nie zu vor, und diese Tendenz wird sich noch versta¨rken. Forscher suchen und sammeln Informationen anhand des Internets. So nimmt es im Forschungsleben als Forschungswerkzeug einen wichtigen Platz ein. In Zukunft wird sich der Service im Bereich des Netzwerks weiter entwickeln/verbessern. Dies bedeutet fu¨r die Forscher eine Chance im Hinblick auf die Zukunft der Forschung, wenn sie gemeinsam ein wissenschaftliches Kooperationssystem entwickeln, um Wissen unter einander auszutauschen.

일부 서울지역 여대생의 체질량지수에 따른 영양섭취 실태조사

최미경,최선혜 동아시아식생활학회 1998 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.8 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutrient and food intake status in underweight female college students living in Seoul. 126 underweight(BMI <20) and 74 normal weight(20≤ BMI<25) students were asked for their daily food intake and eating habits by using 3-day food records and questionnaire. We analyzed the amounts of the nutrient intakes and food groups as the subjects. The mean of height and weight were 162.1㎝ and 49.0㎏ in underweight and 160.6㎝and 54.9㎏ in normal weight subjects. The mean energy, iron, and vitamin A intakes among the students were smaller than RDA for Koreans. The mean calcium(p<0.01), sodium(p<0.05), and vitamin B₂(p<0.05) intakes in underweight subjects were significantly higher than those in normal weight subjects. Total food intakes of underweight and normal weight students were 1235.8g and 1078.1g, respectively. The mean of the pulse group in the underweight was significantly higher than that in normal group(p<0.01). Frequently consumed food or dish items of the subjects were Kimchi, cooked rice, and milk. In the relation between BMI and dietary factors, the BMI was found to have a significant negative correlation with calcium intake(p<0.05), pulse intake(p<0.01) and eating habit score(p<0.01). Eating habit scores about quantity of food and lipid intake showed a significant difference between underweight and normal students.

《傷寒論》ㆍ《金匱要略》에서 煩躁의 病理에 關한 文獻硏究

崔善美,崔昇勳,安圭錫 대한동의병리학회 1996 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.10 No.1

煩躁가 실려있는《傷寒論》과《금궤요약》의 조문들을 대상으로 病理的인 연구를 하는 것은 煩躁 證候의 病理뿐만 아니라 外感·內傷 질병의 正邪와 發病의 연구를 위한 이론적 토대로서의 중요한 의의를 가지고 있다.《傷寒論》六經病 분류와《금궤요약》雜炳 분류, 病機別 분류에 따라 각 條文에서의 煩躁의 病理를 분석함과 아울러 正邪와 發病 機轉에 대해 考察하였다.《傷寒論》에서의 煩躁는 三陽病 경우 正邪相爭으로 인한 化熱의 병리기전을, 三陰病 경우 陰寒極盛에 의한 虛陽外越하는 병리기전을 반영하였고,《금궤요약》에서는《傷寒論》에서는 나오지 않는 濕邪에 의한 氣機阻滯로 인한 번조가 있었다. 三陽病경우는 단순한 陽熱過多로 인한 것과 病機가 熱化되면서 체내 수액대사 이상을 초래하거나 수액대사 이상에 의한 병리적 산물인 水飮, 痰飮과 熱이 互結되어 氣機를 阻滯하는 경우 및 腸內陰液을 燥竭시켜 大便不通되므로 생기는 熱獨上擾에 의한 煩躁ㆍ誤治로 인한 煩躁로 구분된다. 三陰病의 경우는 극심한 경우 陽機脫亡하는 危證경우와 陽氣回復으로 陰寒이 消退하여 病이 愈하는 徵兆로서의 煩躁로 구분된다. 또한《傷寒論》의 六經病에서의 煩躁는 사상체질의학적 측면에서 보면 陰寒極盛으로 인한 陽虛煩躁는 少陰人 病證에 해당되고, 襄熱에 의한 熱獨上擾한 煩躁는 少陽人 病證에 해당되며, 燥濕不調에 의한 燥熱한 煩躁는 太陰人 病證에 해당된다고 보여진다. In 《Shang han lun(傷寒論)》 and 《Chin K'uei Yao Lueh(금궤요약)》, in order to find out pathology of ‘figetiness(煩躁)’. First, clsssify figetiness into the six channels(六經) disease, and various disease, base on expression of stipulated text. Second, investigate and consider in the main process of pathology, the conclusion is runs as fallows; 1. In 《Shang han lun》, figetiness of disease of the three yang channels(三陽) reflects the process of pathogenicy fire resulted from fighting between the vital energy and the pathogenic facter. The inside, simple caused by excessive yang fever(陽熱), or process of pathology becoming feverish bring about abnormal water metabolism in the body, or pathologic products resulted from abnormal water metabolism; excessive fluid(水飮), phlegm retention(痰飮) and case of fever conjoin stop up functional activities of qi (氣機), and it drys up yin fluid in intestine(腸內陰液) causes stoppage of bowel movements. Therefor produse furbid stifling hot rise to confuse mentality case(熱獨上擾), besides, mistritment case are devided. 2. In 《Shang han lun》, figetiness of disease of the three yang channels(三陰) reflects upward floating of yang in deficiency(虛陽外越), caused by accumulation of severe pathogenic cold(陰寒極盛). In severe cases, it becomes dangerous case of exhaustion of vital energy, otherwise recover vital energy(陽氣), so go away pathogenic cold(陰寒) and get well's good omen of figetiness are devided. 3. As respects of Four Constitutional medicine, deficient yang of figetiness(陽虛煩燥) which is based on highly flourishing pathogenic cold(陰寒極盛) in the six channels(六經) disease of 《Shang han lun》 is applicable to the simptoms of Soum-in(少陰人), furbid stifling hot rise to confuse mentality case(熱獨上擾) based on heat of interior(襄熱) is applicable to the symptoms of Soyang-in(少陽人), and figetiness of dry heat(燥熱) based on unbalance between dryness and wet(燥濕不調) is applicable to the symptoms of Taeum-in 4. In 《Chin K'uei Yao Lueh》, there are cases of figetiness the duplicated 《Shang han lun》 texts; some are arthralgia (關節煩疼) causing by conjoint invasion of pathogenic wind-dampness(風濕相搏), some are figetiness of colic caused by ascaris(蛔厥), and the others not the figetiness acompanying exterior syndrome(表證) like in 《Shang han lun》 but the figetiness caused by damr pathogen(濕邪) in exterior syndrome, and the figetiness of the five viscera system appeared in pathologic process of various desease, women's postpartum of figetiness. 5. Figetiness in 《Shang han lun》·《Chin K'uel Yao lueh》 can be sorted out exterior and interior(表襄)·cold and heat(寒熱)·deficiency and excess(虛實), especially some cases are the signs of recovery of vital-qi(正氣恢復), some are the cases connected with abnormal water metabolism, besides the cases related to damr pathogen are devided apart. By this, we can know that grasp the pathologic process of figetiness has the diagnosis.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.