고정식 교정장치에 의한 균혈증의 발생가능성에 관한 연구

임순모,안병근,김선해,박영주,한호진,이윤상 대한치과교정학회 1993 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.23 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate a possibility of chronic or intermittent bacteremia in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance. Orthodontic patients who had been injured by orthodontic appliances and/or suffered from gingivitis were selected. They had not taken any antibiotics for 1 month. The number of subjects were 21 including 7 males and 14 females. Blood samples of the subjects were cultured and, IgG, IgA and IgM levels in the serum were quantified. The author found following results. 1. No bacterial growth was found in 7-day culture of all the samples. 2. The immunoglobulin levels in serum were confined in normal range. 3. This study could not deny the possibility of transient bacteremia episode undergoing orthodontic treatment.

교통사고 후 신체 손상 환자의 외상후 스트레스장애에 대한 연구

강영수,김동인,이선미,김 임,김태형,은헌정 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.4

연구 목적 : 임상가를 위한 외상후스트레스장애 척도를 이용하여 교통 사고 후 신체 손상 환자의 외상후스트레스장애의 발병률을 알아보고, 사회인구학적 변인들, 손상 심각도, 불안, 우울과 외상후스트레스장애와의 상호관련성을 고찰하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 104명의 교통사고 환자들을 대상으로 , 자기 보고형인 사고 후 정신 건강에 관한 설문지와 외상후스트레스장애를 진단하기 위해서 임상가를 위한 외상후스트레스장애 척도를 이용하여 면담을 실시하였으며, 손상 심각도 척도를 이용하여 신체 손상의 정도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 외상후스트레스장애의 발병률은 61.5%이었으며, 사회인구학적 변인들과 손상 심각도 점수에서는 외상후스트레스장애군과 비 외상후스트레스장애군이 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 외상후스트레스장애 군에 속한 사람들이 사고 당시에 사망자나 부상자를 목격한 경우가 의미있게 많았고(χ²=8.48, p<0.05). Beck의 우울점수가 외상후스트레스장애군에서 유의한 증가를 보였다.(t=5.03, p<0.05). 결 론 : 교통사고 후 외상후스트레스장애의 발병률은 매우 높았고, 두 집단 모두가 정상인 보다 훨씬 더 높은 불안과 우울을 보고하고 있다. 이와 함께 연구 결과는 상황에서 사망자와 부상자의 목격시 외상후스트레스장애로 발병하게 하는 위험 요인 중 하나 일 수 있다. Objectives : the authors attempted to estimate the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the differences of sociodemographical feature, injury severity, depression and anxiety between PTSD and non-PTSD groups after motor vehicle accident. Methods : The subjects were 104 patients who had undergone motor vehicle accidents, and been hospitalized to orthopedic surgery hospitals. We administered them clinician-administered PTSD scale(CAPS) for diagnosing PTSD, injury severity scale(ISS) for identifying their physical injury, self-reported questionnaire made to identify socioepidemographic data, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) for measuring depression, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory Ⅰ,Ⅱ(STAI-Ⅰ,Ⅱ) for measuring anxiety. Results : The incidence of PTSD in subjects was 61.5%. Most of sociodemographic factors were not different between PTSD and non-PTSD groups. Only there were significant differences between PTSD group and non-PTSD group on the cases that observed the dead or the wounded at the scene of motor vehicle accident(χ²=8.478, p<0.05) and BDI(t=5.03, p<0.05). Conclusion : These results indicate that prevalence of PTSD is higher after motor vehicle accident and both of the two groups report much higher depression and anxiety than normal population. In addition, the results of this study show that the observation of dead or wounded at accident situation can be one of risk factors to precipitate PTSD.

북한강 상류 천연자원의 종합관리 시스템 개발

송화선,김남호,김동욱,장재형,정영준,임길재 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

강원도 춘천시를 중심으로하는 북한강 상류는 수도권에 청정 상수원류를 제공하는 생활의 핏줄이다. 또한 수도권 지역 건설에 필수적인 석재 자원의 주요 공급 지역으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 지역의 보존과 체계적 개발을 위한 지리정보처리 기술을 이용한 천연자원 종합관리 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템은 자원관리를 위한 막강한 도구와 기능 예를 들면 정보수집, 편집, 처리, 모델링, 분석 및 가시화기능을 제공한다. 결과적으로 이 시스템은 지하자원 분석, 천연자원의 기획 및 개발, 자연보호 등 자원관리와 연계된 문제를 효율적으로 해결할 수 있는 능력을 제공하고 있다. The upper stream area of the north Han river, which is located around the Chunchon city of the Kangwon province, is out essential resources, which supply clear drinking water to the capital city of out conutry, Seoul. This area has also produced stone and aggregate resources required for building and road constructions in the capital area For preservation and planned-development of this area, in this study, we have developed an integrated management system for natural resources, based upon geological information technologies. This system includes powerful tools and functions for resource management such as information collection, edition, processing, modeling, analysis, and visualization. As a result, this system may give us capabilities to efficiently handle a variety of resource management issues such as the analysis of underground resources, the planning and development of natural resources, the protection of environment and their related projects.

운송업 종사 근로자의 건강가치 인식 및 건강증진 행위와 건강진단 결과와의 관련성

이선주,박정일,임현우,노영만,정치경 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

목 적 : 건강진단 결과 건강인과 요관찰자 및 일반질환자를 포함한 비건강인에서 건강가치인식 및 건강증진행위 실천정도를 알아보고, 건강인과 비건강인으로 층화한후 건강가치인식이 높은 군과 낮은 군에서 건강증진행위 실천에 차이가 있는지를 비교함으로써 바람직한 건강증진 프로그램 개발과 적용을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 방 법 : 1998년도 건강진단을 받은 철도운송업 종사 근로자 4,919명중에서 자기기입식 설문에 응답한 건강인 233명, 요관찰자 172명, 일반질환자 160명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 결 과 . 삶의 가치 중 건강을 가장 가치있게 인식하고 있는 근로자가 건강인에서 37.3%, 비건강인에서 36.1%로 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 건강증진 행위 실천에 있어 비 건강인이 건강인에 비하여 운동영역의 실천정도가 유의하게 낮았으며 대인관계 지지영역은 유의하게 높았다. 그 외의 영양, 스트레스관리, 자아실현 및 건강책임 관련 영역의 실천정도는 건강인과 비건강인 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 건강인에서의 연령 변수를 제외하고 건강인 및 비건강인 모두 일반적 특성에 따른 건강가치 인식도에 차이가 없었다. 건강가치 인식도에 따른 건강증진행위 실천 정도는 건강인의 경우 건강가치 인식이 높은 군이 낮은 군에 비하여 자아실현 및 건강책임 영역의 실천 정도가 유의하게 높았으며, 비건강인의 경우 유의한 차이를 보이는 영역은 없었다. 결 론: 건강가치 인식, 건강증진행위 실천 정도와 건강진단 결과와의 관련성은 매우 낮게 나타나 건강증진 프로그램 개발과 적용에 있어 인식보다는 실천에 촛점을 두어야 될 것으로 판단된다. Objectives : This study was performed to compare health value cognition and health promotion behavior compliance between healthy group and not being healthy group, and to evaluate the difference of health promotion behaviors compliance between high group and low group in health value cognition. Methods . The subjecus of this study were 565 wor17ers, 233 healthy workers, 172 observation cases and 160 disease cases, selected from 4,919 transit coporation's workers. Results : In health promoting behavior compliance, not belng healthy group showed lower level than healthy group in exercise and showed higher level than healthy group in interpersonal support significantly. A worker who replied on "health" as the most value in life was consisted in 37.3% of healthy group and 36.1% of not belng healthy group, Health value cognition according to general characteristics showed no significant difference except only variable of age in healthy group. Health promoting behavior compliance according to cognition of health value showed in healthy group that a high level group of health value cognition was more significant difference than a low level group in self aclualization and health responsibility of health promoting behavior and didn't show difference significantly in not being healthy group. Conclusions : In conclusion, the relationship between health value cognition, health promotion behavior compliance and periodic health examination results showed weakly. Therefore, in order to develop and apply spontaneous health promotion program, it was considered that should emphasize compliance than cognition.

강원지역의 자원관리를 위한 지리정보시스템 개발

서백수,임길재,정영준,송화선,류창희,민경원,서희정 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

강원도는 오랫동안 금속, 비금속, 석재 및 석탄과 같은 지하자원들을 공급하는 국내 주요생산지로 알려져 왔으나, 장기적인 채광과 비 계획적인 생산으로 인하여 매장량이 고갈되고 있으며, 대외적으로 생산 경쟁력 마저 잃어가고 있다. 이러한 문제점에 대한 해결방안의 일환으로 본 연구에서는 강원도내에 산재되어 있는 지하자원의 분포, 자원 생산시설 및 생산량, 경제성, 자원개발, 환경문제 등 자원관리에 필요한 제반사항을 수행할 수 있는 강원지역 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템의 개발은 방대한 양의 정보 조사 및 저장, 오랜 개발기간, 많은 소요인력 및 개발 비용이 요구되기 때문에 본 연구에서는 조기에 자원관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하여 이와 관련된 생산 및 연구 분야에 조기에 적용할 수 있도록, 일차년도에는 현재 석재복합 신소재제품 연구센터의 집중적 연구대상 지역인 태백지역에 대한 탄광지역을 중심으로 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. The Kangwon province has been well-known to be one of major underground resource producing districts which are mainly supplying metals, non-metals, stones, and coals. However, due to the long-term mining and unplanned production, the natural resource reserves have been rapidly drained and oversea production competition has been losing. In this study, we has developed a GIS system for regional resource management in the Kangwon province, which can operate, maintain, and manage the distribution of underground resources, resource production facilities, production and economic development, and environmental issues. The development of this system requires the collection, analysis, evaluation, and storage for a huge amount of research data, and in addition, the long period of time, the big research man power, and big development cost. Accordingly, to shorten the development period of time and to early apply itself to production, this stage of study has been intensively developed a regional resource GIS system for managing the mines scattered in the Tabak province, which is one of hottest RRC's research areas.

在韓外國人 留學生의 실태및 對韓國觀

김군옥,서임정,손선영 이화여자대학교 문리과대학 사회학과 사회학회 1973 社會學硏究 Vol.- No.11

본 조사상에 있어서는 외국인 유학생의 한국어 해득의 어려움으로 인한 난점은 물론, 그들을 관할하고 있는 공식기관이 거의 없었으므로 조사대상자 선정 및 질문지 배부와 회수에 있어서 어려운 점이 많았다. 응답태도에 있어서 일부 동양인의 무성의한 태도는 서양인과 눈에 띄게 대조적이었다. 260명의 외국인 유학생을 화교를 제외한 60명 가운데에서 23명을 조사대상자로 하였다. sample size가 소규모적이어서 조사결과를 가지고 통계적 처리를 한다거나, 일반화할 수는 없고, case-study적인 방법으로 조사하였으므로다만 일차적인 조사의 성격을 띠게 되었다.

Infiltrative Type HCC Has Prognostic Impact in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Comparison of Modified AJCC Staging System versus Latest AJCC Staging System

( Sun Young Yim ),( Chung Gyo Seo ),( Yoo Jin Lee ),( Jihwan Lim ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Young Sun Lee ),( Na Yeon Han ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Young Dong Yu ),( Dong Sik 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition staging manual introduced several significant changes to the staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the revised staging system still does not consider tumor gross morphology when staging, which is considered to be an important predictive factor of survival in HCC patients as previously reported. Firstly, we aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of 8th edition of AJCC staging system to 7th edition. Secondly we evaluated the impact of infiltrative type HCC and propose new staging system to improve the diagnostic efficacy of current staging system. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed database of 992 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC between year 2004 and 2016 from three institutes. The infiltrative type HCC was defined as a mass with foci varying in size which fuse to form a larger foci without a distinct margin or a mass with a permeative appearance which blends into the background of the cirrhotic liver with an indistinct margin. Overall survival analysis (OS) were performed using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank tests. The Harrell concordance index (c index) and Akaike information criterion (AIC) were calculated to compare prognostic powers. Results: A total of 774 patients who had undergone hepatic resection were available for the analysis. The cohort was comprised of T1 (55.6%), T2 (32.8%), T3a (5%), T3b (4.7%) and T4 (1.9%) stages according to AJCC 7^th staging system while T1a (21.4%), T1b (37%), T2 (30%), T3 (5%) T4 (6.6%) stages according to AJCC 8^th staging system (Fig. 1). The OS did not differ between the advanced stages (T3a vs T3b; T3b vs T4 in AJCC 7^th edition similarly between T2 vs T3; T3 vs T4 in 8^th edition). Among all patients, 56 patients had infiltrative type HCC and OS analysis was performed after reclassifying the infiltrative type HCC separately. The OS of the patients with infiltrative type HCC was similar to OS of T4. After excluding infiltrative type HCC, sub-analysis was performed according to tumor sizes (≤2cm, >2-4cm, >4cm) for single and multiple tumors respectively as survival rate did not differ between the stages as shown above. Since the OS rate differed significantly among tumors with different sizes, we modified the T-stages as shown in Table 1. The modified AJCC T-staging system efficiently stratified patients according to survival as shown in Fig.1. Furthermore, modified staging system showed highest diagnostic performance followed by AJCC 8^th edition and AJCC 7^th edition (AIC 3074.4 vs 3087.8 vs 3103.4 and C-index 0.701 vs 0.67 vs 0.65, all P<0.01). Conclusions: The AJCC 8^th T-staging system showed improved prognostic efficacy compared to 7^th edition. However, modified AJCC staging system presented finer stratification of patients compared to previous staging systems by reclassifying sizes within single or multiple tumors and reassigning infiltrative type HCC to T4. The AJCC staging system requires surgical specimen for analysis and this study includes a large number of patients who undergone hepatectomy which is believed to have clinical impact with further validation in other cohorts.

Comparison of Sorafenib versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis

( Young Eun Ahn ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Eileen L. Yoon ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Young Sun Lee ),( Sun Young Yim ),( Hae Rim Kim ),( Seong Hee Kang ),( Young Kul Jung ),( 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.2

Background/Aims: Sorafenib is the first approved systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical utility is limited, especially in Asian countries. Several reports have suggested the survival benefits of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for advanced HCC with main portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of sorafenib-based therapy with that of HAIC-based therapy for advanced HCC with main PVTT. Methods: Advanced HCC patients with main PVTT treated with sorafenib or HAIC between 2008 and 2016 at Korea University Medical Center were included. We evaluated overall survival (OS), time-to-progression (TTP), and the disease control rate (DCR). Results: Seventy-three patients were treated with sorafenib (n=35) or HAIC (n=38). Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between groups, except the presence of solid organ metastasis (46% vs 5.3%, p<0.001). The median OS time was not significantly different between the groups (6.4 months vs 10.0 months, p=0.139). TTP was longer in the HAIC group than in the sorafenib group (2.1 months vs 6.2 months, p=0.006). The DCR was also better in the HAIC group than in the sorafenib group (37% vs 76%, p=0.001). Subgroup analysis, which excluded patients with extrahepatic solid organ metastasis, showed the same trends for the median OS time (8.8 months vs 11.1 months, p=0.097), TTP (1.9 months vs 6.0 months, p<0.001), and DCR (53% vs 81%, p=0.030). Conclusions: HAIC-based therapy may be an alternative to sorafenib for advanced HCC with main PVTT by providing longer TTP and a better DCR. (Gut Liver 2021;15:284-294)

Comparison of Daily Norfloxacin versus Weekly Ciprofloxacin for the Prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Sun Young Yim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Soo Young Park ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Byung Ik Kim ),( Kwang-hyub Han ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: For the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients with ascites, norfloxacin 400mg per day is a standard regimen. However, ciprofloxacin 750 mg per week is also known to be effective. In addition, ciprofloxacin once weekly administration is more convenient and less costly. This study aims to prove that ciprofloxacin once weekly administration is as effective as norfloxacin once daily administration for the prevention of SBP. Methods: Liver cirrhosis patients with ascites between 20-75 years old were screened, and enrolled in this randomized controlled trial if 1) ascitic polymorphonucleated cell count < 250/mm3 2) ascitic protein is equal or less than 1.5 g/dL or 3) the presence of history of SBP. Patients were randomly assigned into norfloxacin daily or ciprofloxacin weekly group, and followed-up for 12 months. Primary end point was the prevention rate of SBP, and the secondary end points were 1 year mortality, incidence of infectious events, hepatorenal syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy. Results: 124 patients were enrolled and allocated into each group by 1:1 ratio (62:62). Male patients were 90% and the mean age was 55.2 ± 10.1. The mean Model for End stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 14.6 ± 4.8. There was no difference in baseline characteristics between the groups. SBP developed in 2 patient of ciprofloxacin group, and in 3 patients of norfloxacin group (3.2% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.643). Cumulative transplant free survival rate were comparable between the groups (80.6% vs. 82.3%, P = 0.863). Incidence of infectious complication, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, and variceal bleeding rates were not significantly different (all P = ns). The only factor related to survival was underlying liver function MELD, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Once weekly ciprofloxacin was as effective as daily norfloxacin for the prevention of SBP in cirrhotic patients with ascites. NCT01542801]

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A and Associated Socioeconomic Factors in Young Healthy Korean Adults

( Goh Eun Chung ),( Jeong Yoon Yim ),( Dong Hee Kim ),( Seon Hee Lim ),( Min Jung Park ),( Young Sun Kim ),( Sun Young Yang ),( Jong In Yang ),( Sang Heon Cho ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Gut and Liver Vol.5 No.1

Background/Aims: An epidemiologic shift of hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence is expected due to an improvement in socioeconomic status in young adults in Korea. We investigated the age-specific seroprevalence and socioeconomic factors associated with HAV seropositivity in young, healthy Korean adults. Methods: Between March 2009 and February 2010, a total of 5,051 persons from 20 to 49 years of age presenting for a health check-up were included and responded to a questionaire. The seroprevalence of HAV was investigated by measuring immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-HAV. A total of 984 pairs of cases and age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed for associated socioeconomic factors. Results: The prevalence of seropositive HAV was 6.2% in the 20 to 29 age range, 33.1% in the 30 to 39 range and 82.4% in the 40 to 49 range (p<0.001). There were no signifi cant differences in any group according to gender. A multivariate analysis for paired cases indicated that HAV seropositivity was signifi cantly higher in the low monthly income (below fi ve million won, approximately 4,300 dollars) group and the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive group (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confi dence interval [CI], 1.27-2.14; p<0.001; OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.19-1.76; p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: HAV seropositivity in young adults presenting for a health checkup appears to be decreasing, and the prevalence was signifi cantly higher in the low monthly income group and the H. pylori-positive group. (Gut Liver 2011;5:88-92)