Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

Stability of symptom clusters and sentinel symptoms during the first two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy

Rha, Sun Young,Park, Mira,Lee, Jiyeon Springer-Verlag 2019 SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER Vol.27 No.5

청년사업가를 위한 성장요인이 창업역량과 창업의도에 미치는 영향 연구

이인숙(In Suk Lee),김외순(Oe Sun Kim),나영아(Young Ah Rha) 한국조리학회 2013 한국조리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study is to understand interrelationships among young entrepreneurs` growth factors, entrepreneurial capability and entrepreneurial intentions, targeting the students who major in culinary and foodservice. Based on total 327 samples obtained from the empirical research, this study reviewed reliability and fitness of the research model and verified total 2 hypotheses with the Amos program. The proposed model provided an adequate fit for the data, x2=495.217 (p<.001), df=231, CMIN/DF 2.144, GFI .902, AGFI .878, NFI .911, CFI .954, RMSEA .067. The SEM results showed that the young entrepreneurs` growth factors such as policy support(β =.457, p<.001), skills & knowledge(β=.244, p<.01), role model(β= .242, p<.05) in order had significantly positive effects on entrepreneurial capability, and entrepreneurial capability(β= .787, p<.001) had positive(+) effects on entrepreneurial intentions, verifying organic causal relationships among the growth factors, entrepreneurial capability, and entrepreneurial capability. These study results showed that there should be more systematic supports to encourage young entrepreneurs. Limitations and further research directions are also discussed.

The Benefit of Pro Re Nata Antiemetics Provided With Guideline-Consistent Antiemetics in Delayed Nausea Control

Rha, Sun Young,Sohn, Joohyuk,Kim, Gun Min,Kim, Hye Ryun,Lee, Jiyeon LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS AND WILKINS 2018 Cancer nursing Vol.41 No.2

<P>Implications for Practice: Delayed nausea control may be improved by adhering to guideline-consistent antiemetics and using p.r.n. antiemetics. Delayed nausea control would contribute to patients' functioning and QOL.</P>

알레르기 질환 환자에서 고양이털 항원에 대한 감작을 및 고양이털의 항원성에 관한 연구

라선영(Sun Young Rha),남동호(Dong Ho Nam),김범수(Bum Soo Kim),안중배(Joong Bae Ahn),원욱희(Wook Hee Won),송현용(Hyun Yong Song),조홍근(Hong Keun Cho),전동운(Dong Woon Jun),홍천수(Chein Soo Hong) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

N/A Objectives: The cat fur allergen used in skin prick test was known to be contaminated with housedust mites. So we intended to evaluate the clinical importance of cat fur as a causative allergen in patients with allergic diseases. Methods: We performed skin prick tests with cat allergen of Torii company(Japan), Bencard company (England) and home made extracts in 387 patients, We detected specific IgE by 3M FAST-plus and ELISA method using home made cat fur allergen, developed at this class. To characterize the allergenic components, cat fur extracts were fractionated by 12 % sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane and probed with sera of cat fur sensitive patients Results: 1) Out of 387 patients, 77(19.9%) showed more than 1+results on skin prick test. There were no significant differences in the rates of positive results ac- cording to the allergic diseases, but the age groups were correlated with the positive results(younger than 30: 34.5%, between 30 and 50: 14.4%, older than 50: 6.8%). 2) Cat ELISA showed specific inhibition to cat fur allergen and Cat ELISA inhibition test revealed the linear dose response curve on the added amounts of cat allergn into pooled sera. 67.7% out of Torii cat fur sensitive patients(A/H ratio≥1) showed positive results in Cat ELISA for specific IgE antibody. 3) Cat fur extracts showed 15 protein bands by SDS-PAGE, then they were transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane and probed with sera of 16 cat-fur sensitive patients, one sera pool of patients with RAST class 3, and three negative controls and with biotin-conjugated anti IgE-avidin peroxidase. Six IgE binding protein bands were detected at 94, 73, 56, 44, 28 and 21 kilodalton of molecular weight. Out of six IgE binding bands, MW 21KD concerned as major cat allergen, Fel d 1, were noted in five sera(31.3% ). Conclusion: It is suggested that cat fur can be regarded as an important allergenic fur and that we need further studies to st.andardize cat antigens for in vivo and in vitro tests.

Regulation of Inhibitors of Differentiation Family Proteins by Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in FRTL-5 Thyroid Cells

Jo, Young Suk,Hwang, Eun Suk,Lee, Ju Hee,Lee, Yunhyeong,Kim, Seul Young,Choi, Yun-Sun,Bai, Youn-Sun,Hong, Jun Hwa,Kim, Yun-Jeung,Lee, Ihn-Suk,Rha, So Young,Ro, Heung-kyu,Shong, Minho The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2008 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.23 No.2

<P>Members of the inhibitors of differentiation (Id) family of helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins are known to play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of many cell types. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulates proliferation and differentiation by activating TSH receptor (TSHR) in thyrocytes. In this study, we found that Id2, one of the Id family proteins, is a major target for regulation by TSH in FRTL-5 thyroid cells. TSH rapidly increases the Id2 mRNA level in FRTL-5 thyroid cells but the Id2 protein showed biphasic regulatory patterns, being transiently reduced and subsequently induced by TSH treatment. Transient reduction of Id2 protein was noted within 2 hr of TSH treatment and was mediated by proteasomal degradation. Moreover, reduced Id2 expression correlated with the activity of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase pathway, which is activated by TSH. Although TSH increases the activity of the Id2 promoter, TSH-induced activation of this promoter was independent of c-Myc. Id2 did not alter TTF-1- and Pax-8-mediated effects on the regulation of the Tg promoter. Thus, in summary, we found that TSH regulates Id2 expression, but that Id2 does not alter the expression of thyroid-specific genes, such as Tg, in FRTL-5 thyroid cells.</P>

FC 2-9 : Genetic alterations among Korean melanoma patients with the evidence of tumor heterogeneity and evolution

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Ji Hee Kim ),( Hee Su Kim ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Melanomas at different levels of sun exposure are found to have genetic alterations such as BRAF, NRAS, KIT, and GNAQ/11 mutations. Objectives: We designed this study to analyze the mutation status of primary tumors in Korean melanoma patients and to investigate the discordance rate between the primary tumors and the paired metastatic samples. Methods: Patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma from 2005 to 2012, 188 in number, at Yonsei University Health System, were enrolled for this study. Results: The most common type was acral type (n=89, 47.3%) followed by non-chronic sun damage induced type (Non-CSD type) (n=32, 17%) and mucosal type (n=31, 16.5%). The overall incidence of somatic mutation was 17.6% in the BRAF gene, 12.6% in NRAS, and KIT amplification was 28.6%. GNAQ/11 mutation in the uveal type was 66.6%. Of the non-CSD type, 41.9% had the BRAF mutation while 35.8% of the acral type had KIT amplification. Among the 43 patients who had both primary tumor and metastatic tissues, 22 patients (51.2%) showed heterogeneity, regardless of age, gender, subtype and stage. In our study, heterogeneity of the paired tumors did not affect the overall survival. Conclusion: In conclusion, the characteristics of the mutation between Korean and Caucasian melanomas are similar, but the proportion of the subtypes is distinguishable. About half of the Korean melanoma patients showed significant genetic heterogeneity which did not affect the overall survival in our study.

Transcriptome analysis of iBET-151, a BET inhibitor alone and in combination with paclitaxel in gastric cancer cells

Kang, Sun Kyoung,Bae, Hyun Joo,Kwon, Woo Sun,Che, Jingmin,Kim, Tae Soo,Chung, Hyun Cheol,Rha, Sun Young Korea Genome Organization 2020 Genomics & informatics Vol.18 No.4

BET inhibitor, as an epigenetic regulator inhibitor, reduces the expression of oncogenes such as Myc and Bcl-2, which affects cancer growth and development. However, it has modest activity because of the narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, combination therapy is necessary to increase the anti-tumor effect. Paclitaxel, an anti-mitotic inhibitor, is used as second-line therapy for gastric cancer (GC) as a monotherapy or combination. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of GC cells treated with iBET-151 and/or paclitaxel to identify the differentially expressed genes associated with possible mechanisms of synergistic effect. We also performed Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses to determine the most enriched terms and pathways of upregulated and downregulated genes. We found 460 genes in which iBET-151 and paclitaxel combination treatment changed more than single-treatment or no-treatment. Thus, additional functional studies are needed, but our results provide the first evidence of the synergistic effect between iBET-151 and paclitaxel in regulating the transcriptome of GC cells.

GCP Education

라선영(Sun Young Rha) 대한외과학회 2014 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.11

관광호텔 조리직무의 분업과 통합에 따른 문제점과 개선방안에 관한 연구

라영선(Young Sun Rha) 한국조리학회 1995 한국조리학회지 Vol.1 No.-

Despite prologed business stagnation of both international and domestic economy, hotel business as well as tourist industry has continuously been keeping growing, owing to increase of surplus income and world flowing population. During recent 4 years, growth rate of yearly mean in domestic hotels reached 9.9% and especially that of the superior class hotels 15.2%. In the composition of domestic tourist hotels` revenue, the earnings of guest rooms form 37.4%, on the other hand those of food & beverage 39.9%. This result is that our hotel business is concentrated on its interest in FOOD & BEVERAGE of which productivity per unit dimension can be increased to an unlimited extent and superior class hotels strengthened in F&B are increasing in comparison with European or American hotels which are focused on guest rooms in their management. For value added rate of F&B is low as compared with increase of their earnings, they are interested in the management techniques which focus on rising the rate. As for the cost of Food & Beverage, personnel expenditure forms 36.5% and the direct materials 31.5%. Therefore how to manage personnel and materials costs which compose as much as 68% of total revenue will greatly affect net profit. We can say that an effective management technique in cost of Food & Beverage is one of the most important know-hows in hotel management. Especially management know-how for the Kitchen Department where the most of foods come out makes a great effects on various expenses, productivity and it is the achievement from hotel management. For the most of the hotel`s top managers, they don`t seriously take the fact that KITCHEN SYSTEM affects greatly total expenditure. This study starts from the point of recognizing the question of fundamental cause affecting two largest cost elements incurred in Food & Beverage and trying to present an effective kitchen system. To settle the questions raised, I compared and analyzed productivity and costs of food & beverage and unit kitchen centered around superior class hotels in Seoul, which vary in Kitchen Systems. In order to attain the aforementioned study effectively purpose of this study, I compared Room-Service and Coffee-Shop Menu, flow of basic food in the kitchen, extent and result of division of labor and integration in the kitchen, scale of outlet kitchen, productivity, the turnover rate of food in store, food cost rate one another which all vary in Kitchen Systems. All these elements are compared and analyzed each other being divided into two main groups such as ①. Main Production kitchen and Banquet Kitchen, and ②. coffee-shop kitchen and Room-service Kitchen. Therefore this study is to point out the problems in managing kitchens of superior class hotels which are different in systems. An effort was made to find out the better Kitchen System for superior deluxe hotels. I emphasize the followings on the proper scale of division of labor and integration of unit kitchen and a disposition plan for outlet kitchens of restaurant. First, KITCHEN SYSTEM as a sub-system of Hotel Management System is composed of sub-systems of outlet unit kitchen. Basic food materials are cooked and served for the guests while support kitchen and out restaurant kitchen interact organically each other. So Kitchen should be considered as a system composed of integrated sub-systems. Second, support and banquet kitchens should be integrated to be managed. And these unit kitchens have to be designed to be placed in the back of banquet rooms area. Third, coffee-shop kitchen and room-service kitchen should be integrated to be managed. Fourth, several unit business kitchens should be placed on the same floor. Fifth, main production kitchens ought to be located near the loading duck, food store and large refrigerator. Sixth, considering the limits of supervision, duties should be adjusted as 12-20 cooks in two shifts a day for a sub-kitchen, and 18-30 cooks in three shifts a day so that