혼합치열기의 miniscrew를 이용한 교정치료

임수민,양연미,김재곤,백병주,이용훈,신정근 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment, Skeletal anchorage like the miniscrew is considered a more effective method in anchorage control than conventional anchorage which needs much patient s cooperation. The miniscrew offers many advantages. 1) It is easy to insert and to remove. 2) It can endure the force needed for moving teeth. 3) It can be immediately loaded and 4) Patient cooperation is not needed. 5) It is economic compared to other skeletal anchorage systems, In comparison to adult's bones, children s bones have comparatively poor bone quality and quantity. Therefore, it is hard to obtain primary stability in younger patients. However, if the miniscrew can be retained successfully, it will be effective in many orthodontic treatments. In these cases we used the miniscrew in correcting of diastema, in aligning dental midline, and in rendering a forced eruption of impacted tooth in mixed dentition patient. We obtained satisfactory results. 교정치료 시 고정원은 항상 염두에 두면서 치료를 진행해야 하는 중요한 요소이다. 전통적인 고정원을 이용한 치료는 환자의 적극적인 협조를 필요로 하고 원하는 치아이동에 대한 반작용이 나타날 수 있는 등의 부작용을 가지고 있다. 그러므로 보다 견고한 구강 내 고정원이 요구되어져 왔으며 이를 위해 miniscrew가 임상에서 흔히 이용되고 있다. Miniscrew를 통한 고정원의 확보는 구외력 의존도 감소,치료기간의 단축,식립 후 즉시 교정력 적용,환자의 협조도 불필요,식립의 간편성,저렴한 비용 등의 장점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 성장기 환자는 성인에 비해 골질이 좋지 않아 miniscrew의 성공률이 성인에 비해 낮다. 그러나 일단 고정에 성공하면 많은 교정치료 시 매우 유용하게 이용할 수 있다. 본 증례는 흔합치열기 환자를 miniscrew를 이용하여 정중이개 및 정중선 불일치,매복치에 대한 양호한 교정치료를 하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

^99mTc-hematoporphyrin linked albumin nanoparticles for lung cancer targeted photodynamic therapy and imaging

Yang, Su-Geun,Chang, Ji-Eun,Shin, Byungchul,Park, Sanghyun,Na, Kun,Shim, Chang-Koo Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.20 No.41

<P>In this study, we fabricated albumin nanoparticles (ANP) using a solvent diffusion method and modified the surface of the ANP with hematoporphyrin (HP) which has been used for cancer photodynamic therapy. Hematoporphyrin linked albumin nanoparticles (HP-ANP) were further functionalized with gamma-emitting nuclides (<SUP>99m</SUP>Tc) for scintigraphic imaging. The fabrication method for HP-ANP was optimized extensively to obtain HP-ANP particles within the size range of 100 to 200 nm. HP-ANP had enhanced accumulation in A549 and CT-26 cancer cell lines, and photodynamic activity against A549 cells after UV exposure. HP-ANP also showed increased accumulation in murine lung tumors, which was induced by CT-26 colon cancer cells, compared to normal lungs. Pharmacokinetics of <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc chelated HP-ANP (<SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-HP-ANP) was estimated through scintigraphic imaging of rabbits. <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-HP-ANP demonstrated good imaging properties in the rabbit with a much more extended biological half life compared to <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-HP. <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-HP-ANP could be utilized as a radio-diagnostic tool for cancer as well as the obvious application for photodynamic therapy.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Hematoporphyrin attached albumin nanoparticles (HP-ANP) were fabricated and their therapeutic application for lung cancer was evaluated in this study. HP-ANP were further functionalized with gamma-emitting nuclides (<SUP>99m</SUP>Tc) to demonstrate <I>in vivo</I> imaging and pharmacokinetic properties through scintigraphic imaging. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0jm01544j'> </P>

The Functional Behaviors of Cosurfactant in Design of Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

Yang, Su-Geun,Shin, Hee-Jong The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.5

Nanoemulsions have been widely investigated for many years because of their attractive and unique characteristics. Nanoemulsions are composed of oil, surfactant, co-surfactant and water. Especially, cosurfactant plays a critical role in formation of nanoemulsions. In pharmaceutical area, a pre-concentrate form of nanoemulsions which is known as self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) was available for some water-insoluble drugs. In this study, we investigated the functional behaviors of cosurfactant in design of SNEDDS and nanoemulsions. Cremophor RH 40$^{(R)}$, Propylene carbonate and medium chain triglyceride were selected for surfactant, cosurfactant and oil, respectively. Cyclosporine was employed as a drug. Phase diagrams showed the area of isotropic o/w region which forms o/w nanoemulsions was not significantly affected by the compositional ratio of cosurfactant. But, drug solubilization capacity, droplet size of nanoemulsions and drug release rate were greatly affected by the cosurfactant.

Relative Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Newly Designed Cyclosporin A Self-microemulsifying Formulation after Single and Multiple Doses to Dogs

Yang, Su-Geun,Shin, Hee-Jong The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2009 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.39 No.2

The pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin A (CsA) after single and multiple oral dosing of new CsA self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) in dogs were estimated. A single dose study was performed following a two-way crossover design against six dogs with reference SMEDDS. For a multiple dose study, three dogs were allocated for each drug, and 100 mg of drug was administered daily for 6 days. Whole blood concentration of CsA was analyzed by radio-immunoassay. Both drug showed identical blood concentration profiles in both studies, and no statistical difference was detected in pharmacokinetic parameters. The relative bioavailabilities of test SMEDDS were 91.4% and 89.1%, respectively, in the single dose study and the last day of multiple dose study. Especially, multiple dose study proved the good relationship between C-0/C-2 and AUC for reference SMEDDS, which is an indispensable part of therapeutic drug monitoring. These results suggest newly formulated CsA SMEDDS possibly shows identical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic behaviors in clinical trials.

Relative Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Newly Designed Cyclosporin A Self-microemulsifying Formulation after Single and Multiple Doses to Dogs

Su Geun Yang,Hee Jong Shin 한국약제학회 2009 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.39 No.2

The Functional Behaviors of Cosurfactant in Design of Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

( Su Geun Yang ),( Hee Jong Shin ) 한국약제학회 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.5

사이클로스포린을 함유한 고형 지질미립구의 제조와 평가

양수근(Su Geun Yang),박준상(Jun Sang Park),최영욱(Young Wook Choi) 대한약학회 1995 약학회지 Vol.39 No.5

Solid lipid microspheres (SLMs) were prepared using various lipids and solidifying agents, in order to enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of Cyclosporine A (Cs A) which is a practically water-insoluble drug with low systemic bioavailability. Egg lecithin and HCO-60 (polyoxyethylated 60mol, hydrogenated castor oil) were used as lipids. Stearic acid and stearyl alcohol were used as solidifying agents. Emulsion concentrates containing Cs A were prepared by mixing the melted lipid and solidifying agent with water, employing bile salts as a cosurfactant. SLMs were obtained by dispersing the warm emulsion concentrate in cold distilled water under mechanical stirring, followed by freeze drying. Physical characteristics of each SLM were investigated by particle size analysis, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Mean particle size of SLMs was in the range of 30 to 40mcm. The SLMs were in good appearance with spherical shape before freeze drying, but were deformed partially after freeze drying. Drug loading efficiencies of SLMs were observed as high as 80 to 90% in average. The systemic bioavailability of Cs A from different SLM formula was investigated in rats following oral administration. Cs A in whole blood was extracted and assayed by HPLC. SLMs revealed the higher bioavailabilities than the standard formula based on the marketed product. SLMs might have several advantages over standard formula for enhanced gastrointestinal absorption, controlled release properties, high loading capacity of the water-insoluble drug, and feasibility of solid dosage forms with better stability in storage.

지하연구시설(KURT)에서의 물리검층 적용 사례

양영근 ( Young Geun Yang ),김경수 ( Kyung Su Kim ),고용권 ( Yong Kwon Koh ),신형옥 ( Hyung Ohk Shin ),이철희 ( Chouli Hee Lee ),김상수 ( Sang Su Kim ),박윤성 ( Yun Seong Park ) 대한지질공학회 2008 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Low-Resistance Nonalloyed Ti/Al Ohmic Contacts on N-Face n-Type GaN via an <tex> $\hbox{O}_{2}$</tex> Plasma Treatment

Su Jin Kim,Tae Yang Nam,Tae Geun Kim IEEE 2011 IEEE electron device letters Vol.32 No.2

<P>The authors report improved electrical properties of nonalloyed Ti/Al ohmic contact to N-face n-type GaN via oxygen (O<SUB>2</SUB>) plasma treatment. The contact resistivity of Ti (50 nm)/ Al (35 nm) electrodes is reduced significantly from 4.3 × 10<SUP>-1</SUP> Ω · cm<SUP>2</SUP> to 2.53 × 10<SUP>-5</SUP> Ω · cm<SUP>2</SUP> by applying O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma to the GaN surface before the Ti/Al deposition. In this process, Ti-N bonds are expected to form, while the Ga-N bonds are broken by the O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma, which eventually increases the nitrogen vacancies as well as the Ti-N phases at the GaN surface. This suggestion has been verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses.</P>

Elemol from Chamaecyparis obtusa ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis

YANG, HYUN,JUNG, EUI-MAN,AHN, CHANGHWAN,LEE, GEUN-SHIK,LEE, SU-YEON,KIM, SEON-HONG,CHOI, IN-GYU,PARK, MI-JIN,LEE, SUNG-SUK,CHOI, DON-HA,JEUNG, EUI-BAE UNKNOWN 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.36 No.2

<P>Chamaecyparis obtusa has been traditionally used as an antibiotic agent and in cosmetics for the prevention of microorganism infection and skin troubles. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that encompasses immunologic responses, susceptibility factors and compromised skin-barrier function. Use of plant medicines in therapeutic treatment of AD has recently been suggested as an alternative therapeutic option. The present study examined the effect of elemol, an active component of Chamaecyparis obtusa, on AD using in vivo and in vitro models. RBL-2H3 cells were stimulated with concanavalin A and dinitrophenyl human serum albumin, and atopic dermatitis was induced in BALB/c mice by topical application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) prior to elemol treatment. The mRNA expression was evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the levels of β-hexosaminidase and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were examined by ELISA. Histological changes were also performed by microscopy. Elemol attenuated the onset of AD-like skin lesions, reduced serum IgE levels and decreased mast cell infiltration into the dermis and hypodermis. In addition, elemol downregulated the transcriptional expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IκBα, in the skin of the DNCB-induced animal models of AD. In the RBL-2H3 mast cell line, elemol significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-13, and further attenuated the release of β-hexosaminidase from mast cells. Histological examination revealed that elemol significantly ameliorated the DNCB-induced dermal destruction in mice. The results of the present study suggested that elemol may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of AD due to its immunosuppressive effects.</P>